本文選題：農(nóng)民工　切入點：創(chuàng)業(yè)政策　出處：《東華理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：從2004年至今,我國中央一號文件連續(xù)14年聚焦于“三農(nóng)”問題。近年來隨著經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、經(jīng)濟增速放緩,大量農(nóng)民工失業(yè)返鄉(xiāng),各地區(qū)各級政府部門相繼頒布農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)政策。農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)政策作為重要公共政策之一,績效的關(guān)注點何在?如何評價其績效?如何在當前環(huán)境下優(yōu)化政策體系,進而提高績效?現(xiàn)有研究主要從效率性、效果性、經(jīng)濟性、滿意度等對農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)政策結(jié)果進行評價,忽略了創(chuàng)業(yè)扶持政策制定的需求導向性、目標導向性、合理性、系統(tǒng)性等關(guān)鍵要素。作為公共政策,實現(xiàn)其“政”的功能,即公共價值,才是其績效評價核心。農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)政策體系從其本質(zhì)上來說是政策相關(guān)利益主體之間的相互作用,這種相互作用的關(guān)系組成了農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)政策的過程結(jié)構(gòu),功能能否有效發(fā)揮取決于其過程結(jié)構(gòu),進而影響政策績效,而對政策各過程環(huán)節(jié)的績效進行評價正是現(xiàn)有研究力度不足但至關(guān)重要的一個方面。在現(xiàn)有國內(nèi)外研究的基礎(chǔ)上,本研究構(gòu)建農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)政策績效評價的理論框架,對江西省農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)政策體系各個過程進行績效評價,探析其政策過程中存在的影響績效的問題所在,進而提出政策體系優(yōu)化建議。(1)農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)政策績效評價的標準體系。在對現(xiàn)有文獻梳理的基礎(chǔ)上,通過對比研究,構(gòu)建了一個農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)政策績效評價的標準體系。其中,政策制定過程為目標明確性、公平性、參與性、合理性、可行性、系統(tǒng)性6個標準;政策執(zhí)行過程為政府主導型、權(quán)責明確性、充分性、影響力、回應性5個標準;政策結(jié)果輸出過程為目標實現(xiàn)度、效率性、滿意度3個標準;政策監(jiān)控與考核過程包括參與性、靈活性2個標準。(2)江西省農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)政策績效評價結(jié)果。主要得出以下結(jié)論:政策制定過程:政策制定的目標明確,合理性較高,可行性較差,政策主體參與程度較低,農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)政策扶持力度弱,政策公平性不足,欠缺系統(tǒng)性考慮;政策執(zhí)行過程:基層人力資源匱乏,農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)政策執(zhí)行力度弱,政策對農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)氛圍及創(chuàng)業(yè)意愿影響力均一般,政策獲取便利度、利用容易度較低,農(nóng)民工對政策執(zhí)行情況滿意度不足;政策結(jié)果輸出過程:目標實現(xiàn)度、效率性、滿意度均不高;政策監(jiān)控與考核過程:監(jiān)控與考核機制不健全,靈活性未有效發(fā)揮。(3)江西省農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)政策體系優(yōu)化建議:第一,優(yōu)化政策主體利益表達機制,提高政府信息獲取能力;第二,培養(yǎng)農(nóng)民工民主權(quán)力的意識,提升政策主體主動參與性;第三,優(yōu)化政策制定方案咨詢機制,加強創(chuàng)業(yè)政策頂層設(shè)計;第四,完善政策執(zhí)行主體權(quán)力配置,強化政策資金專項預算管理;第五,提供實地、個性化創(chuàng)業(yè)指導,做好農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)業(yè)政策落實工作;第六,加強第三方評估與大眾監(jiān)督,發(fā)揮政策多元主體監(jiān)督作用;第七,建立創(chuàng)業(yè)政策專項責任機制,激勵、約束并行支撐政策順利落實。
[Abstract]:Since 2004, the first document of the Central Committee of China has focused on the issue of agriculture, countryside and farmers for 14 consecutive years.In recent years, with the adjustment of economic structure, economic growth slowed down, a large number of migrant workers returned home unemployed, various regional government departments have promulgated policies for migrant workers entrepreneurship.As one of the important public policies, what is the focus on the performance of peasant workers' entrepreneurship policy?How to evaluate its performance?How to optimize the policy system and improve the performance in the current environment?The present research mainly evaluates the policy results of peasant workers' entrepreneurship from the aspects of efficiency, effectiveness, economy, satisfaction and so on, neglecting the key factors such as demand-oriented, goal-oriented, rationality, systematicness and so on.As a public policy, to realize its "political" function, that is, public value, is the core of its performance evaluation.In essence, the policy system of peasant workers' entrepreneurship is the interaction between the relevant stakeholders of the policy. This kind of interaction constitutes the process structure of the peasant workers' entrepreneurship policy, and whether the function can be played effectively depends on the process structure.Then it affects the policy performance, and the evaluation of the process of policy performance is an important aspect of the current research.On the basis of existing domestic and foreign studies, this study constructs a theoretical framework of performance evaluation of rural migrant workers' entrepreneurship policy, and evaluates the performance of each process of rural migrant workers' entrepreneurship policy system in Jiangxi Province.This paper analyzes the problems existing in the policy process and puts forward the policy system optimization suggestion. 1) the standard system for evaluating the performance of peasant workers' entrepreneurship policy.On the basis of combing the existing literature, this paper constructs a standard system for evaluating the performance of peasant workers' entrepreneurship policy through a comparative study.Among them, the process of policy making is clear, fair, participatory, rational, feasible and systematic, and the process of policy implementation is government-led, with clear power and responsibility, adequacy, influence and responsiveness.The output process of policy results includes three criteria: the degree of goal realization, efficiency and satisfaction, and the process of policy monitoring and evaluation includes two criteria of participation and flexibility) the evaluation results of rural migrant workers' entrepreneurship policy performance in Jiangxi Province.The main conclusions are as follows: the policy making process: the goal of policy formulation is clear, the rationality is high, the feasibility is poor, the participation of policy subjects is low, the policy support for migrant workers' entrepreneurship is weak, and the policy fairness is insufficient.Lack of systematic consideration; Policy implementation process: lack of human resources at the grass-roots level, weak implementation of migrant workers entrepreneurship policy, the impact of policies on the entrepreneurial atmosphere and entrepreneurial willingness of migrant workers are general, policy access convenience, easy to use,Migrant workers are not satisfied with the implementation of the policy; the process of policy outcome output: the degree of goal realization, efficiency, satisfaction are not high; the process of policy monitoring and assessment: monitoring and assessment mechanism is not perfect,Flexibility does not play an effective role in Jiangxi Province migrant workers entrepreneurship policy system optimization suggestions: first, optimize the policy main interests expression mechanism, improve the ability to obtain government information; second, cultivate the awareness of democratic rights of migrant workers,Third, optimize the consultation mechanism of policy formulation program, strengthen the top-level design of entrepreneurship policy; fourth, improve the power allocation of policy executive body, strengthen the special budget management of policy funds; fifth, provide field,Individualized entrepreneurial guidance, do a good job in implementing the policy of migrant workers entrepreneurship; sixth, strengthen third-party evaluation and public supervision, play the role of policy multi-subject supervision; seventh, establish entrepreneurship policy special responsibility mechanism, incentive,The constraint parallel support policy is carried out smoothly.
【學位授予單位】：東華理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.6;F279.27

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