【摘要】：銀行應(yīng)該全面提高競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力和適應(yīng)力,為應(yīng)對(duì)全面放開銀行經(jīng)營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。文章從多個(gè)角度講述銀行如果無(wú)法按期收回貸款,將會(huì)帶來(lái)多方面的負(fù)面影響：一方面它會(huì)有效降低銀行資本的比例,提高銀行資產(chǎn)虛化率；另一方面,會(huì)提高商業(yè)銀行的負(fù)債率,擴(kuò)大負(fù)債比例。銀行會(huì)因?yàn)橘Y產(chǎn)虛化而無(wú)法收回貸款本息。負(fù)債比例的提高會(huì)增加利息成本。二者同時(shí)發(fā)揮作用,會(huì)造成銀行入不敷出,降低還貸能力,利潤(rùn)不斷壓縮,如果上述問(wèn)題趨于嚴(yán)重,會(huì)導(dǎo)致銀行破產(chǎn)倒閉。壞賬的持續(xù)增加,會(huì)給銀行帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重的影響,面對(duì)巨額不良信貸資產(chǎn),銀行的資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量會(huì)不斷下降,從而增大信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。銀行產(chǎn)生的大量呆賬壞賬,一方面導(dǎo)致信貸本金無(wú)法按期收回,另一方面,銀行還要為不良貸款支付利息。如此一來(lái),銀行的經(jīng)營(yíng)效益必然受到嚴(yán)重影響,趨于虧損。綜合分析不同國(guó)家的銀行資產(chǎn)收益率,不難看出,如果不良貸款比例持續(xù)增大,銀行總利潤(rùn)會(huì)走向下坡路。大量信貸資金無(wú)法收回,還會(huì)直接降低銀行資金的流動(dòng)性,從而產(chǎn)生流動(dòng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。發(fā)生不良信貸,就意味著銀行難以按期支付本息給儲(chǔ)戶。首先銀行面臨巨額虧損,盈利能力不斷降低,資本實(shí)力不斷被削弱。其次,由于銀行經(jīng)營(yíng)能力和盈利能力不斷下降,儲(chǔ)戶也將會(huì)面臨嚴(yán)重的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),因?yàn)橐坏┿y行無(wú)法償還本息,儲(chǔ)戶就無(wú)法收回之前的存款和利息,遭受直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。在本文中,將總結(jié)并利用中外對(duì)不良信貸的研究成果和文獻(xiàn),用以分析江蘇射陽(yáng)農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行不良信貸產(chǎn)生的原因,同時(shí)提出應(yīng)對(duì)措施。文章仔細(xì)分析了金融機(jī)構(gòu)不良信貸產(chǎn)生的原因,并以江蘇射陽(yáng)農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行為例,針對(duì)其不良資產(chǎn)產(chǎn)生的原因進(jìn)行了深入研究,并提出了有效應(yīng)對(duì)不良信貸的措施,為破解射陽(yáng)農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行面臨的不良資產(chǎn)問(wèn)題提供了明晰的工作思路和建議,不斷提高其在金融行業(yè)內(nèi)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,審視造成江蘇射陽(yáng)農(nóng)村商業(yè)銀行不良信貸的原因,在充分進(jìn)行理論論證的基礎(chǔ)上,給出有效的應(yīng)對(duì)方法,切實(shí)解決不良信貸資產(chǎn)問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:Banks should improve their competitiveness and adaptability in an all-round way, and make full preparations for the competitive environment of liberalizing the banking business in an all-round way. This paper states that if the bank can not withdraw the loan on time, it will bring many negative effects: on the one hand, it will effectively reduce the ratio of bank capital and improve the imaginary rate of bank assets; On the other hand, it will increase the debt ratio of commercial banks and enlarge the debt ratio. Banks will be unable to recoup the principal and interest on their loans because of the vanity of their assets. An increase in the debt-to-debt ratio will increase the cost of interest. At the same time, they will cause banks to overrun their income, reduce their ability to repay loans, and keep their profits compressed. If the above problems tend to be serious, they will lead to bank failure. The continuous increase of bad loans will bring serious impact to banks. In the face of huge amount of non-performing credit assets, the quality of assets of banks will continue to decline, thus increasing the risk of credit. Banks generate a large number of bad loans, on the one hand, the credit principal can not be recovered on time, on the other hand, banks have to pay interest on non-performing loans. In this way, the operational efficiency of banks must be seriously affected, tend to loss. It is not difficult to see that if the proportion of non-performing loans continues to increase, the total profits of banks will go downhill through a comprehensive analysis of the return rate of banks' assets in different countries. A large number of credit funds can not be recovered, but also directly reduce the liquidity of bank funds, resulting in liquidity risk. The occurrence of non-performing credit, means that banks are difficult to pay principal and interest to depositors on schedule. First of all, banks face huge losses, profitability is declining, capital strength is constantly weakened. Second, depositors will also face serious risks because of the declining operating and profitability of banks, because once banks are unable to repay their principal and interest, depositors will not be able to recover their previous deposits and interest and suffer direct economic losses. In this paper, we will summarize and utilize the research results and literatures of non-performing credit at home and abroad to analyze the causes of non-performing credit in rural commercial banks in Sheyang, Jiangsu Province, and put forward some countermeasures at the same time. This paper carefully analyzes the causes of non-performing credit in financial institutions, and takes Jiangsu Sheyang Rural Commercial Bank as an example, makes a deep study on the causes of its non-performing assets, and puts forward some effective measures to deal with non-performing credit. It provides clear working ideas and suggestions for solving the problem of non-performing assets faced by Sheyang rural commercial banks, constantly improving their competitiveness in the financial industry, and examining the causes of non-performing credit of rural commercial banks in Sheyang, Jiangsu Province. On the basis of full theoretical argumentation, this paper gives effective countermeasures to solve the problem of non-performing credit assets.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F832.4

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