【摘要】：本文主要針對(duì)對(duì)外貿(mào)易中人民幣計(jì)價(jià)結(jié)算問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了研究。在本論文中,主要分為以下幾個(gè)部分：首先,本文分析了在對(duì)外貿(mào)易中使用人民幣進(jìn)行計(jì)價(jià)結(jié)算的理論基礎(chǔ)——馬克思關(guān)于貨幣職能理論、匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理理論、貨幣國(guó)際化以及國(guó)際貨幣,并進(jìn)而分析了在對(duì)外貿(mào)易中使用人民幣進(jìn)行計(jì)價(jià)結(jié)算所應(yīng)當(dāng)具有的條件。其次本文分析了在對(duì)外貿(mào)易中使用人民幣進(jìn)行計(jì)價(jià)結(jié)算的動(dòng)因和基礎(chǔ),動(dòng)因主要包括宏觀儲(chǔ)備市場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以及微觀匯率交易風(fēng)險(xiǎn),基礎(chǔ)則主要包括世界貿(mào)易地位、人民幣匯率穩(wěn)中趨升、現(xiàn)狀演變等幾個(gè)方面；在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文分析了在對(duì)外貿(mào)易中使用人民幣進(jìn)行計(jì)價(jià)結(jié)算所應(yīng)當(dāng)具備的條件,這些條件主要包括企業(yè)實(shí)力與意愿、人民幣可兌換改革、人民幣循環(huán)渠道等三個(gè)方面。再次,本文分析了當(dāng)前在對(duì)外貿(mào)易中使用人民幣進(jìn)行計(jì)價(jià)結(jié)算所應(yīng)當(dāng)解決的問(wèn)題,并且通過(guò)這些問(wèn)題的解決促進(jìn)在對(duì)外貿(mào)易中使用人民幣進(jìn)行計(jì)價(jià)結(jié)算。在本文的最后部分,一方面通過(guò)以A企業(yè)在對(duì)外貿(mào)易中使用人民幣計(jì)價(jià)結(jié)算的情況進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析,另一方面對(duì)促進(jìn)在對(duì)外貿(mào)易中使用人民幣計(jì)價(jià)結(jié)算提出了一點(diǎn)建議。 通過(guò)本文的研究,筆者認(rèn)為,當(dāng)前在對(duì)外貿(mào)易中使用人民幣進(jìn)行計(jì)價(jià)結(jié)算所存在的問(wèn)題主要表現(xiàn)在兩個(gè)方面：一是部分企業(yè)在使用人民幣進(jìn)行計(jì)價(jià)結(jié)算的意識(shí)方面還存在一些問(wèn)題,在實(shí)際貿(mào)易中使用人民幣進(jìn)行計(jì)價(jià)結(jié)算的積極性不高；另一方面,在對(duì)外貿(mào)易中使用人民幣進(jìn)行計(jì)價(jià)計(jì)算還存在著諸如人民幣流通境外監(jiān)管機(jī)制不成熟、不完善；清算系統(tǒng)成本高,代理行較少；國(guó)際收支統(tǒng)計(jì)信息不夠準(zhǔn)確等問(wèn)題。對(duì)于這些問(wèn)題,筆者認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)從以下幾個(gè)方面入手：一是提升國(guó)內(nèi)企業(yè)對(duì)于對(duì)外貿(mào)易中人民幣計(jì)價(jià)結(jié)算的操作能力；二是完善支付清算體系；三是打造人民幣回流機(jī)制；四是建立人民幣出入境監(jiān)測(cè)機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly focuses on the issue of RMB valuation and settlement in foreign trade. In this paper, it is divided into the following parts: first of all, this paper analyzes the theoretical basis of valuation and settlement in foreign trade-Marx's theory of monetary function, exchange rate risk management theory, Currency internationalization and international currency, and further analysis of the use of RMB in foreign trade for valuation and settlement of the necessary conditions. Secondly, this paper analyzes the motivation and basis of using RMB in foreign trade, which includes macro reserve market risk and micro exchange rate transaction risk, while the basis mainly includes world trade status. The RMB exchange rate tends to rise steadily, the status quo evolves and so on; On this basis, this paper analyzes the conditions that should be possessed by the valuation and clearing house using RMB in foreign trade. These conditions mainly include the strength and will of enterprises, the reform of RMB convertibility, the circulation channel of RMB, and so on. Thirdly, this paper analyzes the problems that should be solved by using RMB in the current foreign trade, and promotes the use of RMB to carry out the valuation and settlement in foreign trade. In the last part of this paper, on the one hand, through the empirical analysis of the use of RMB valuation settlement in foreign trade by A enterprises, on the other hand, it puts forward some suggestions to promote the use of RMB valuation settlement in foreign trade. Through the research of this paper, the author thinks, At present, the problems existing in the use of RMB for valuation and settlement in foreign trade are mainly manifested in two aspects: first, there are still some problems in some enterprises' awareness of using RMB for valuation and settlement. In the actual trade, the enthusiasm of using RMB for valuation and settlement is not high; On the other hand, there are still some problems such as the immature and imperfect supervision and control mechanism of RMB circulation abroad, the high cost of clearing system, the few agency banks, and the inaccuracy of balance of payments statistics in the calculation of valuation in foreign trade. For these problems, I think we should start from the following aspects: one is to enhance the domestic enterprises for foreign trade in the RMB valuation and settlement of the operational capacity; second, to improve the payment and clearing system; third, to create a renminbi return mechanism; Fourth, the establishment of RMB entry-exit monitoring mechanism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.6
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本文編號(hào)：2426265