【摘要】：近年來,隨著內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)經(jīng)濟的快速增長,中小企業(yè)在活躍市場、擴大就業(yè)、增加收入、穩(wěn)定社會以及經(jīng)濟結構調(diào)整方面所起的作用日益突出,已經(jīng)成為內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)經(jīng)濟增長的重要推動力之一。然而由于中小企業(yè)信用擔保市場信息不對稱導致的逆向選擇和道德風險及中小企業(yè)受自身發(fā)展階段的制約,使得中小企業(yè)融資極其困難,究其原因主要是中小企業(yè)信用不足。所以,如何解決中小企業(yè)融資難問題,是擺在各級政府和理論界面前的重要問題,而加快中小企業(yè)信用擔保機構發(fā)展是提升中小企業(yè)信用能力的重要途徑。 中小企業(yè)信用擔保市場失靈源于中小企業(yè)信用擔保所具有的外部經(jīng)濟性和準公共產(chǎn)品性,這種外部經(jīng)濟性和準公共產(chǎn)品性決定了中小企業(yè)信用擔保機構的發(fā)展不可能完全靠市場機制來推動,政府的支持特別是財政支持至關重要。因此,政府有必要采用財政補貼、直接投資和稅收優(yōu)惠等方式對中小企業(yè)信用擔保機構進行財政支持,對于促進中小企業(yè)信用擔保機構快速發(fā)展,解決中小企業(yè)融資難的問題有著一定的理論意義和現(xiàn)實意義。 本文以內(nèi)蒙古中小企業(yè)信用擔保機構的財政支持為研究對象,運用規(guī)范分析和比較分析等方法來研究內(nèi)蒙古中小企業(yè)信用擔保機構財政支持的相關問題。本文先從公共經(jīng)濟學領域說明中小企業(yè)信用擔保存在很大的外部經(jīng)濟性和準公共產(chǎn)品性,接下來運用公共選擇理論為財政支持中小企業(yè)信用擔保機構的必要性、方式和效果研究提供了理論依據(jù),然后將理論與實踐相結合,從福利經(jīng)濟學領域分析了內(nèi)蒙古中小企業(yè)信用擔保機構財政支持的實際效果,分析得出的結論是內(nèi)蒙古中小企業(yè)信用擔保機構財政支持取得了良好的效果,增加了中小企業(yè)信用擔保產(chǎn)品供給,提高了資本金利用率,同時也發(fā)揮了財政支持的放大效應,但是同時由于外部環(huán)境和中小企業(yè)信用擔保自身的原因,財政支持中小企業(yè)信用擔保還存在諸如財政支持資金總量偏小、財政資金投入結構不合理、財政支持的杠桿效應還不突出、財政放大倍數(shù)還不夠大、財政支持推動風險補償機制建設滯后和財政支持未能法定化和明晰化一些問題,最后針對上述問題提出了一些完善內(nèi)蒙古中小企業(yè)信用擔保機構財政支持的對策建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid economic growth of Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, small and medium-sized enterprises have played an increasingly prominent role in activating the market, expanding employment, increasing income, stabilizing society and adjusting the economic structure. Has become one of the important driving forces of economic growth in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region. However, due to the adverse selection and moral hazard caused by asymmetric information in the credit guarantee market of SMEs and the restriction of SMEs by their own stage of development, the financing of SMEs is extremely difficult, which is mainly due to the lack of credit of SMEs. Therefore, how to solve the financing difficulties of SMEs is an important problem in front of governments and theorists at all levels, and speeding up the development of SME credit guarantee institutions is an important way to enhance the credit ability of SMEs. The failure of the credit guarantee market of small and medium-sized enterprises originates from the external economy and quasi-public goods of the credit guarantee of small and medium-sized enterprises. This external economy and quasi-public goods determine the development of SME credit guarantee institutions can not be completely driven by the market mechanism, government support, especially financial support is crucial. Therefore, it is necessary for the government to use financial subsidies, direct investment and tax incentives to provide financial support to SMEs' credit guarantee institutions, which will promote the rapid development of SMEs' credit guarantee institutions. It has certain theoretical and practical significance to solve the problem of financing difficulty of medium and small enterprises. In this paper, the financial support of SME credit guarantee institutions in Inner Mongolia is taken as the research object, and the financial support of SME credit guarantee institutions in Inner Mongolia is studied by means of normative analysis and comparative analysis. This paper first explains the existence of external economy and quasi-public goods in SME credit guarantee from the public economics field, and then uses the public choice theory as the necessity of financial support for SME credit guarantee institution. The way and effect research provides the theoretical basis, and then combines the theory with the practice, and analyzes the actual effect of the financial support of the small and medium-sized enterprise credit guarantee institution in Inner Mongolia from the field of welfare economics. The conclusion of the analysis is that the financial support of SME credit guarantee institutions in Inner Mongolia has achieved good results, increased the supply of SME credit guarantee products, increased the utilization rate of capital, and also brought into play the magnification effect of financial support. But at the same time, due to the external environment and the reasons of SMEs' credit guarantee itself, there are still some problems such as the small amount of financial support funds and the unreasonable structure of financial investment. The leverage effect of financial support is not outstanding, the financial magnification is not large enough, the financial support to promote the construction of risk compensation mechanism lags behind and the financial support fails to legalize and clarify some problems. Finally, some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to improve the financial support of credit guarantee institutions of small and medium-sized enterprises in Inner Mongolia.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F832.39

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