發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-21 19:44

  本文選題：外貿(mào)企業(yè) + 規(guī)避　； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：為了使匯率制度進(jìn)一步與國(guó)際接軌,提高外貿(mào)企業(yè)的國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,2005年7月21日,我國(guó)對(duì)匯率進(jìn)行改革,由“固定匯率、雙軌匯率”向“浮動(dòng)匯率”轉(zhuǎn)變,由“統(tǒng)一管理”轉(zhuǎn)向“市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)”,由“單一盯住美元”向“參考一籃子貨幣”轉(zhuǎn)變。匯改以來,人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制更富彈性,我國(guó)外貿(mào)企業(yè)的國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力和抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力大大提高,外資結(jié)構(gòu)和質(zhì)量進(jìn)一步提高,也在很大程度上提升了我國(guó)的對(duì)外開放水平。2010年6月19日,央行宣布進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制改革,增強(qiáng)人民幣匯率彈性。加上近幾年由于美國(guó)大量的財(cái)政赤字和貿(mào)易逆差,導(dǎo)致人民幣對(duì)美元持續(xù)走高,直到2014年,人民幣匯率走勢(shì)出現(xiàn)跌宕起伏的趨勢(shì),人民幣對(duì)美元匯率全年貶值0.36%。因此,匯改后人民幣匯率實(shí)現(xiàn)了雙向波動(dòng),且波動(dòng)幅度明顯增強(qiáng),能較好的反映出市場(chǎng)供求狀況。與此同時(shí),在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的背景之下,人民幣匯率波幅的加大使我國(guó)外貿(mào)企業(yè)面對(duì)的匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也在逐步加大。近年來,受全球金融危機(jī)和美國(guó)次貸危機(jī)的影響,國(guó)際大宗商品價(jià)格波動(dòng)幅度加大。再加上這些外部不利因素的影響,我國(guó)的許多外貿(mào)企業(yè)原本利潤(rùn)就非常薄弱。外貿(mào)企業(yè)如何積極合理的運(yùn)用多元化金融組合工具來有效規(guī)避匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn),固定成本和利潤(rùn),減少匯率波動(dòng)對(duì)其產(chǎn)生的不利影響,并能從匯率波動(dòng)過程中獲益,是關(guān)系外貿(mào)企業(yè)生存與發(fā)展的一項(xiàng)重要課題。本文主要是在整理和總結(jié)有關(guān)外貿(mào)企業(yè)規(guī)避匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的相關(guān)研究以及當(dāng)前外貿(mào)企業(yè)規(guī)避匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的理論依據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上,分析我國(guó)不同時(shí)期的匯率制度和對(duì)外貿(mào)易的發(fā)展,并比較不同的匯率制度下外貿(mào)企業(yè)匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的大小,然后詳細(xì)地分析了企業(yè)匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)對(duì)企業(yè)造成的各方面的影響以及原因,最后分別匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)給企業(yè)帶來的三種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)入手,提出了交易風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避策略,折算風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避策略以及經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避策略。
[Abstract]:In order to make the exchange rate system more in line with the international standards and improve the international competitiveness of foreign trade enterprises, on July 21, 2005, our country reformed the exchange rate from "fixed exchange rate, two-track exchange rate" to "floating exchange rate". From "unified management" to "market regulation", from "single peg to the dollar" to "reference basket of currencies." Since the exchange rate reform, the RMB exchange rate formation mechanism has become more flexible, the international competitiveness and risk resistance of China's foreign trade enterprises have been greatly improved, and the structure and quality of foreign investment have been further improved. On June 19, 2010, the central bank announced further reform of the RMB exchange rate formation mechanism to enhance the RMB exchange rate flexibility. Plus, the yuan has continued to rise against the dollar in recent years as a result of large U.S. fiscal and trade deficits, until 2014, when the yuan fell by 0.36 per cent against the dollar. Therefore, after the exchange rate reform, the RMB exchange rate has realized the two-way fluctuation, and the fluctuation range is obviously enhanced, which can better reflect the market supply and demand situation. At the same time, under the background of economic globalization, the exchange rate risks faced by foreign trade enterprises in China are gradually increasing. In recent years, affected by the global financial crisis and the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States, the volatility of international commodity prices has increased. Coupled with these external adverse factors, many foreign trade enterprises in our country profit is very weak. How do foreign trade enterprises actively and reasonably use diversified financial portfolio tools to effectively avoid exchange rate risk, fixed costs and profits, reduce the adverse impact of exchange rate fluctuations on them, and can benefit from exchange rate fluctuations. It is an important subject related to the survival and development of foreign trade enterprises. This paper mainly analyzes the exchange rate system and the development of foreign trade in China in different periods on the basis of sorting out and summarizing the relevant research on foreign trade enterprises' evasion of exchange rate risk and the theoretical basis of foreign trade enterprises' evasion of exchange rate risk at present. And compare the exchange rate risk of foreign trade enterprises under different exchange rate system, and then analyze the influence of exchange rate risk on enterprises in detail and the reasons, finally, start with three kinds of risk that exchange rate risk brings to enterprises. The strategies of transaction risk aversion, commutation risk aversion and economic risk aversion are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F832.6

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