【摘要】：隨著投影顯示技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,在大規(guī)模科學(xué)計算可視化、軍事仿真、工程設(shè)計、會展行業(yè)和數(shù)字影院等諸多領(lǐng)域,多投影顯示系統(tǒng)以高分辨率、大顯示尺寸和強沉浸感等優(yōu)勢得到廣泛應(yīng)用。多投影顯示系統(tǒng)允許投影儀的位置并不嚴(yán)格整齊,通過幾何校正過程對計算機輸出圖像進(jìn)行幾何變形,使其通過投影儀光學(xué)系統(tǒng)后顯示在屏幕的正確位置�，F(xiàn)有多投影系統(tǒng)多要求投影儀擺放不得變動,否則將影響拼接效果,無法應(yīng)用于需要執(zhí)行實時任務(wù)的工作環(huán)境。如何構(gòu)建具有實時自主投影校正能力的多投影系統(tǒng)成為一個重要問題。 本文給出了一套基于嵌入式結(jié)構(gòu)光的多投影顯示系統(tǒng),具有實時自主投影校正能力。本文系統(tǒng)包括一個主控節(jié)點及多個顯示節(jié)點。主控節(jié)點連接多部相機實時拍攝投影畫面。每個顯示節(jié)點通過逐像素修改顯示畫面亮度值嵌入結(jié)構(gòu)光圖像,并依據(jù)補色原理計算對應(yīng)補色圖像；連接刷新率為120Hz的投影儀,交替顯示嵌入結(jié)構(gòu)光后圖像及補色圖像。所有相機與顯示節(jié)點連接同一信號發(fā)生器,相機拍攝與投影畫面刷新動作保持同步。由于投影儀刷新率超過人眼感知閥值,視覺殘留效果使得人眼難以感知到嵌入在投影畫面中的結(jié)構(gòu)光圖像。 多投影顯示系統(tǒng)安裝完工后,使用投影儀作為光源,利用它投射網(wǎng)格到顯示屏幕上來指定顯示屏幕的全局紋理坐標(biāo)；為保證多臺投影儀投射出的畫面在顯示屏幕上構(gòu)成均勻統(tǒng)一紋理坐標(biāo)系,使用自由網(wǎng)格變形和多分辨率編輯技術(shù),對投影儀輸出畫面的網(wǎng)格進(jìn)行實時調(diào)整。系統(tǒng)運行時,主控節(jié)點控制所有相機連續(xù)拍攝兩幀畫面,拍攝得嵌入后畫面及補色畫面照片；分別為每個相機計算出嵌入的結(jié)構(gòu)光圖像,再拼接所有相機的計算結(jié)果；最后根據(jù)拼接結(jié)果實時檢測投影儀位置是否變動。若檢測到投影儀位置變動,顯示節(jié)點在投影畫面中嵌入規(guī)則網(wǎng)格頂點結(jié)構(gòu)光圖像；主控節(jié)點重復(fù)上述過程得到網(wǎng)格頂點圖像拼接結(jié)果,并計算網(wǎng)格頂點的全局紋理坐標(biāo),網(wǎng)格內(nèi)部點坐標(biāo)通過對周圍頂點紋理坐標(biāo)進(jìn)行重心插值方法計算得到；根據(jù)投影畫面各像素點全局紋理坐標(biāo),實時計算投影校正參數(shù),并將投影校正參數(shù)發(fā)送至所有顯示節(jié)點。顯示節(jié)點則根據(jù)投影校正參數(shù)對投影畫面進(jìn)行變形,完成投影重疊區(qū)域亮度衰減,實現(xiàn)投影畫面的無縫拼接。 實驗結(jié)果表明本文系統(tǒng)可實時完成自主投影校正。相比現(xiàn)有系統(tǒng),本文系統(tǒng)不需大幅縮減投影畫面動態(tài)范圍,對投影畫面影響�。煌队靶Ｕ^程無需中斷正常顯示輸出黑屏或結(jié)構(gòu)光圖像,不要求投影畫面中包含較多數(shù)量特征點。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of projection display technology, in large-scale scientific computing visualization, military simulation, engineering design, exhibition industry and digital cinema and many other fields, multi-projection display system with high resolution, Large display size and strong immersion are widely used. The multi-projection display system allows the position of the projector to be not strictly neat and geometric distortion of the computer output image is carried out through the geometric correction process so that it can be displayed in the correct position of the screen after passing the projector optical system. The existing multi-projection system requires the projector not to be changed, otherwise it will affect the splicing effect and can not be applied to the working environment in which real-time tasks need to be performed. How to construct a multi-projection system with the ability of real-time autonomous projection correction becomes an important problem. In this paper, a set of multi-projection display system based on embedded structured light is presented, which has the ability of real-time independent projection correction. This system includes a master node and a plurality of display nodes. The main control node connects multiple cameras to shoot the projection screen in real time. Each display node embeds the structured light image by modifying the brightness value of the display screen pixel by pixel, and calculates the corresponding complementary color image according to the complementary color principle, and connects the projector with the refresh rate of 120Hz to alternately display the image after embedding the structured light and the complementary image. All cameras and display nodes are connected to the same signal generator, camera shooting and projection screen refresh actions remain synchronized. Because the refresh rate of the projector exceeds the human eye perception threshold, the visual residual effect makes it difficult for the human eye to perceive the structured light image embedded in the projected picture. After the installation of the multi-projection display system is completed, the projector is used as the light source, and it is used to project the mesh to the display screen to specify the global texture coordinates of the display screen. In order to ensure that the images projected by multiple projectors form a uniform texture coordinate system on the display screen, free mesh deformation and multi-resolution editing techniques are used to adjust the mesh of the projector's output screen in real time. When the system is running, the main control node controls all cameras to take two frames of pictures continuously, and then the embedded picture and the complementary picture are taken, respectively, the embedded structured light images are calculated for each camera, and then the calculation results of all cameras are spliced together. Finally, the position of the projector is detected in real time according to the splicing results. If the position change of the projector is detected, the display node embeds the structured light image of the regular mesh vertex in the projection screen. The master node repeats the above process to get the mesh vertex image splicing results and calculates the global texture coordinates of the mesh vertices. The interior point coordinates of the mesh are calculated by barycenter interpolation method to the surrounding vertex texture coordinates. According to the global texture coordinates of every pixel in the projection picture, the projection correction parameters are calculated in real time, and the projection correction parameters are sent to all display nodes. According to the projection correction parameters, the display node deforms the projection picture, and completes the brightness attenuation of the projection overlapping area, and realizes the seamless splicing of the projection picture. The experimental results show that the system can complete the automatic projection correction in real time. Compared with the existing system, this system does not need to greatly reduce the dynamic range of the projected picture, and has little impact on the projected picture. The projection correction process does not need to interrupt the normal output black screen or structured light image, and does not require the projection screen to contain a large number of feature points.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TP391.41

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本文編號：2466134