保兌倉(cāng)融資下數(shù)量折扣契約研究
本文選題:資金約束 切入點(diǎn):保兌倉(cāng)融資 出處:《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】:隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的步步推進(jìn),企業(yè)之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)不再局限于同行之間,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)焦點(diǎn)正逐步向供應(yīng)鏈之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)轉(zhuǎn)移。要實(shí)現(xiàn)供應(yīng)鏈的高效運(yùn)作,必須以供應(yīng)鏈中的“信息流”、“物流”、“資金流”三流的共同協(xié)調(diào)為前提。在供應(yīng)鏈中,核心企業(yè)一直居于主導(dǎo)地位,上下游企業(yè)居于從屬地位。由于賬期拉長(zhǎng),采購(gòu)現(xiàn)金預(yù)付等的問(wèn)題普遍存在使很多企業(yè)出現(xiàn)資金短缺的問(wèn)題。上下游企業(yè)因自身規(guī)模、信用等級(jí)等約束,融資較為困難,被資金不足問(wèn)題困擾的情況日益嚴(yán)重,進(jìn)而也導(dǎo)致了整個(gè)供應(yīng)鏈的效率低下。在眾多解決中小企業(yè)困境的手段中,銀行參與的供應(yīng)鏈金融是最行之有效的方法之一,能夠切實(shí)幫助中小企業(yè)解決資金約束問(wèn)題。 供應(yīng)鏈契約是使得供應(yīng)鏈的協(xié)調(diào)的重要手段和方法。因此,供應(yīng)鏈契約在供應(yīng)鏈運(yùn)營(yíng)中有了較為廣泛的運(yùn)用。根據(jù)我國(guó)實(shí)際情況,更多的學(xué)者開(kāi)始關(guān)注供應(yīng)鏈契約和融資契約的協(xié)調(diào)問(wèn)題。當(dāng)今社會(huì)保兌倉(cāng)融資模式雖然被眾多企業(yè)廣泛應(yīng)用,但現(xiàn)有的研究多以定性分析為主,鮮有探討該融資契約與運(yùn)用契約相結(jié)合定量分析的研究。所以本文首次嘗試保兌倉(cāng)融資考慮進(jìn)數(shù)量折扣契約的參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題。 針對(duì)中小企業(yè)面臨資金約束問(wèn)題的具體情況,考慮中小企業(yè)的運(yùn)營(yíng)決策才與實(shí)際情況更相符。文章選擇資金約束的供應(yīng)鏈下游為研究對(duì)象,以零售商自有資金不足作為前提條件,構(gòu)建基于保兌倉(cāng)模式的供應(yīng)鏈融資模型,研究采用數(shù)量折扣契約時(shí)供應(yīng)鏈的協(xié)調(diào)情況。首先結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)企業(yè)的實(shí)際,構(gòu)建保兌倉(cāng)模式下銀行利率模型,再應(yīng)用Stackelberg博弈模型求解出銀行、制造商、零售商各自決策的最優(yōu)參數(shù),通過(guò)供應(yīng)鏈的集中決策與分散決策對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn):無(wú)數(shù)量折扣時(shí),,分散決策不能實(shí)現(xiàn)供應(yīng)鏈的完美協(xié)調(diào);有數(shù)量折扣時(shí),制造商選取的折扣點(diǎn)和折扣量在一定條件下,可以使零售商和制造商的收益同時(shí)增加,達(dá)到供應(yīng)鏈的完美協(xié)調(diào),最后本文對(duì)實(shí)際案例進(jìn)行分析驗(yàn)證模型的正確性。
[Abstract]:With the development of global economic integration, the competition among enterprises is no longer confined to peers, and the focus of competition is gradually shifting to the competition between supply chains.In order to realize the efficient operation of supply chain, the common coordination of "information flow", "logistics" and "capital flow" in supply chain must be the premise.In the supply chain, the core enterprises always occupy the leading position, the upstream and downstream enterprises occupy the subordinate position.Due to the drawback of the account period, the problem of purchasing cash prepayment makes many enterprises face the problem of capital shortage.Because of its own scale, credit rating and other constraints, the upstream and downstream enterprises are more difficult to finance, and are increasingly troubled by the problem of insufficient funds, which leads to the inefficiency of the whole supply chain.Among the many ways to solve the difficulties of SMEs, the supply chain finance in which banks participate is one of the most effective methods, which can effectively help SMEs to solve the problem of capital constraint.Supply chain contract is an important means and method to coordinate supply chain.Therefore, supply chain contract has been widely used in supply chain operation.According to the actual situation of our country, more scholars begin to pay attention to the coordination of supply chain contract and financing contract.Nowadays, although the financing mode of confirmed warehouse is widely used by many enterprises, most of the existing researches are based on qualitative analysis, and there are few quantitative studies on the combination of the financing contract and the application contract.Therefore, this paper first tries to consider the parameter design of quantity discount contract in confirmed position financing.In view of the specific situation that SMEs are facing the problem of capital constraint, it is more consistent with the actual situation to consider the operational decision of small and medium-sized enterprises.In this paper, the downstream supply chain with capital constraints is selected as the research object, and the supply chain financing model based on the confirmed warehouse model is constructed to study the supply chain coordination when the quantity discount contract is adopted.First of all, according to the actual situation of domestic enterprises, the bank interest rate model under the confirmed position model is constructed, and then the Stackelberg game model is applied to solve the optimal decision parameters of the banks, manufacturers and retailers.Through the comparison of centralized decision and decentralized decision of supply chain, it is found that when there is no quantity discount, decentralized decision can not realize the perfect coordination of supply chain, and when there is quantity discount, the discount point and quantity chosen by manufacturer are under certain conditions.It can increase the profit of retailer and manufacturer at the same time and achieve the perfect coordination of supply chain. Finally, this paper analyzes and verifies the correctness of the model in practical cases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號(hào)】:F274
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