本文關(guān)鍵詞： 汽車供應(yīng)鏈 交易信用 Buy-and-Sell模式 延期支付　出處：《東華大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近些年來,面對跨國汽車制造企業(yè)競爭所帶來的壓力與挑戰(zhàn),中國汽車制造商紛紛采取新的供應(yīng)鏈管理理念,聯(lián)合汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)中的上、下游企業(yè),在業(yè)務(wù)上加強合作,共同提高市場競爭力。在汽車供應(yīng)鏈中,汽車系統(tǒng)供應(yīng)商(OEM)及零部件供應(yīng)商處于供應(yīng)鏈的上游,這部分企業(yè)是供應(yīng)鏈金融中主要的融資企業(yè),制造商位于汽車供應(yīng)鏈的核心地位。當(dāng)上游供應(yīng)商面臨資金短缺,無法滿足汽車制造商的訂單需求時,不僅會減少供應(yīng)商的經(jīng)營利潤,也會給汽車制造商帶來缺貨風(fēng)險,進(jìn)而影響整條供應(yīng)鏈的競爭力。通過汽車供應(yīng)鏈的內(nèi)部融資,不僅可以緩解資金約束的情況,同時可以節(jié)約融資成本,增強供應(yīng)鏈的整體競爭力。交易信用作為供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)部融資的方式,即指企業(yè)與企業(yè)之間在商品或服務(wù)交易時,以延期支付或提前付款的方式提供的一種信用。延期支付在商業(yè)實踐中應(yīng)用廣泛。本文的研究對象是由汽車制造商、系統(tǒng)供應(yīng)商(OEM)和部件供應(yīng)商組成的三級供應(yīng)鏈,汽車供應(yīng)鏈成員企業(yè)之間主要采用延期支付這一交易信用方式。本文首先研究了在傳統(tǒng)模式中,當(dāng)OEM受到資金約束和沒有企業(yè)受到資金約束兩種情況下,汽車供應(yīng)鏈各方成員企業(yè)采用延期支付這一交易信用方式時,供應(yīng)鏈系統(tǒng)及其各方成員企業(yè)的利潤情況。針對以上兩種情況分別建立基于交易信用的決策模型,對OEM的生產(chǎn)量和汽車制造商的訂購策略進(jìn)行了探討,并運用MATLAB仿真軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)值分析。進(jìn)而研究了當(dāng)OEM受到資金約束,汽車制造商采用Buy-and-Sell模式整合自己的需求總量從部件供應(yīng)商處采購部件,通過數(shù)量優(yōu)勢獲得價格折扣后轉(zhuǎn)賣給OEM進(jìn)行生產(chǎn),汽車供應(yīng)鏈各方成員企業(yè)采用延期支付這一交易信用方式時的情況。建立在Buy-and-Sell模式下基于交易信用的決策模型,對供應(yīng)鏈系統(tǒng)及其各成員企業(yè)的利潤情況及交易信用長度的設(shè)置范圍和制造商的訂購策略進(jìn)行了探討,并運用MATLAB進(jìn)行數(shù)值分析。最后通過對汽車供應(yīng)鏈中傳統(tǒng)模式和Buy-and-Sell模式下的決策進(jìn)行對比,進(jìn)一步探討了兩種模式下的供應(yīng)鏈系統(tǒng)及其各方成員企業(yè)的利潤情況以及汽車制造商的訂購策略;并對延期支付期限和制造商將部件轉(zhuǎn)賣給OEM的價格進(jìn)行了靈敏度分析。得出不同情況下采用Buy-and-Sell模式,都可以通過合理地設(shè)置交易信用長度使供應(yīng)鏈系統(tǒng)及其各成員企業(yè)的利潤均高于傳統(tǒng)模式下的利潤,并對不同情況下的均衡交易信用長度進(jìn)行了求解。
[Abstract]:In recent years, in the face of the pressure and challenges brought by the competition of multinational automobile manufacturing enterprises, Chinese automobile manufacturers have adopted new supply chain management concept, the upstream and downstream enterprises in the United automobile industry. Strengthen business cooperation to enhance market competitiveness. In the automotive supply chain, automotive system suppliers (OEMs) and components suppliers are upstream in the supply chain. This part of enterprises is the main financing enterprises in supply chain finance, manufacturers are in the core position of automobile supply chain. When upstream suppliers are faced with the shortage of funds, they can not meet the order demand of automobile manufacturers. It will not only reduce the operating profit of suppliers, but also bring the risk of lack of stock to the automobile manufacturers, and then affect the competitiveness of the whole supply chain. Through the internal financing of the automobile supply chain, it can not only alleviate the financial constraints. At the same time, it can save the financing cost and enhance the overall competitiveness of the supply chain. Transaction credit, as a way of financing within the supply chain, refers to the transaction of goods or services between enterprises. A credit offered in the form of deferred payment or advance payment. Deferred payment is widely used in commercial practice. System supplier (OEM) and component supplier are composed of three-level supply chain. The credit mode of transaction credit is mainly deferred payment between automobile supply chain member enterprises. Firstly, this paper studies the traditional mode of supply chain. When OEM is subject to financial constraints and no enterprise is subject to financial constraints, the parties in the automotive supply chain use deferred payment of the transaction credit. In view of the above two situations, the decision model based on transaction credit is established, and the production of OEM and the ordering strategy of automobile manufacturers are discussed. The numerical analysis is carried out by using the MATLAB simulation software. Then, when the OEM is restricted by funds, it is studied. Automobile manufacturers use the Buy-and-Sell model to integrate their total demand from component suppliers to purchase components, through quantitative advantages to obtain price discounts and then resell to OEM for production. The situation of each member enterprise of automobile supply chain when adopting deferred payment this transaction credit mode. The decision model based on transaction credit is established in Buy-and-Sell mode. This paper probes into the profit situation of the supply chain system and its member enterprises, the setting range of the transaction credit length and the ordering strategy of the manufacturer. Finally, by comparing the traditional mode of automobile supply chain with that of Buy-and-Sell mode. The paper further discusses the profit situation of the supply chain system and its member enterprises under the two modes and the ordering strategy of the automobile manufacturers. The sensitivity analysis of the delay payment period and the price of the manufacturer reselling the parts to OEM is carried out, and the Buy-and-Sell model is obtained under different conditions. All of them can make the profit of the supply chain system and its member enterprises higher than that of the traditional mode by reasonably setting the transaction credit length, and the equilibrium transaction credit length under different conditions is solved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F274;F426.471

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