本文選題：商事登記制度改革　切入點(diǎn)：改革模式　出處：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：商事登記是指登記機(jī)關(guān)根據(jù)商主體申請(qǐng),為確認(rèn)其商事主體資格或?qū)ι虡I(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)事項(xiàng)進(jìn)行有關(guān)商事主體設(shè)立、變更或終止的登記制度(福州市工商局課題組,2013)。隨著社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的深入發(fā)展,我國(guó)的商事登記制度也暴露出了一些問(wèn)題,如立法分散,過(guò)于強(qiáng)調(diào)公權(quán)力而忽視公民的私權(quán)利,政府行政行為顯僵化保守、責(zé)權(quán)不清、工作效率低下,對(duì)企業(yè)而言存在準(zhǔn)入門檻高、準(zhǔn)入制度設(shè)計(jì)繁瑣復(fù)雜、商事登記成本過(guò)高過(guò)重等。由于政府管制過(guò)多過(guò)強(qiáng),已影響了市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)靈活高效的發(fā)展要求。我國(guó)商事登記制度存在關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題的根源是政府公權(quán)力與登記主體私權(quán)利平衡發(fā)展機(jī)制沒(méi)有建立、政府登記主管機(jī)關(guān)職能定位不合理、登記立法還不完善等,已經(jīng)不適應(yīng)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展要求和市場(chǎng)主體發(fā)展的內(nèi)在需求。解決這一問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵是登記機(jī)關(guān)找準(zhǔn)管理定位,合理界定登記工作職權(quán)范圍;以登記立法的完善來(lái)保障市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的規(guī)范和審查制度的建立。在以政府作為承擔(dān)市場(chǎng)主體準(zhǔn)入職責(zé)的管理職能與市場(chǎng)配置資源功能的合理界定的基礎(chǔ)上,借鑒新公共管理理論構(gòu)建新型政府與市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入關(guān)系重新理性設(shè)計(jì)制度實(shí)現(xiàn)制度變化,政府轉(zhuǎn)變行政管理理念,合理界定管理職能,明確登記機(jī)關(guān)的監(jiān)督指導(dǎo)管理職能,在重視維護(hù)私權(quán)的基礎(chǔ)上整理和制定相關(guān)登記法規(guī),重視發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)主體自治作用,這樣才能消除政府與市場(chǎng)之間的不平衡狀態(tài),實(shí)現(xiàn)理性的制度建構(gòu)。基于改革和完善我國(guó)的商事登記制度的目的,2013年,我國(guó)商事登記改革工作被正式列入《國(guó)務(wù)院機(jī)構(gòu)改革和職能轉(zhuǎn)變方案》。該方案中規(guī)定:“對(duì)按照法律、行政法規(guī)和國(guó)務(wù)院決定需要取得前置許可的事項(xiàng),除涉及國(guó)家安全、公民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全等外,不再實(shí)行先主管部門審批、再工商登記的制度,商事主體向工商部門申請(qǐng)登記,取得營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照后即可從事一般生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng);對(duì)從事需要許可的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng),持營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照和有關(guān)材料向主管部門申請(qǐng)?jiān)S可。將注冊(cè)資本實(shí)繳登記制改為認(rèn)繳登記制,并放寬工商登記其他條件�！奔涌煺毮苻D(zhuǎn)變,創(chuàng)新政府監(jiān)管方式,建立公平、開(kāi)放、透明的市場(chǎng)規(guī)則,保障創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新。在此之前,以深圳為代表的典型地區(qū)已紛紛開(kāi)展了商事登記改革的探索和嘗試,本文從商事登記制度的淵源及其產(chǎn)生的原因出發(fā),參照國(guó)外的商事登記經(jīng)驗(yàn),以研究我國(guó)部分典型地區(qū)的商事登記改革實(shí)踐模式為基礎(chǔ),比照我所在的山東省泰安市泰山區(qū)商事改革現(xiàn)狀和存在的困境,為進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)我國(guó)商事登記制度的改革提供一種參考意見(jiàn),以促成商事登記制度能夠更好地為市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)服務(wù)、為市場(chǎng)主體服務(wù)為目的。
[Abstract]:Commercial registration refers to the establishment by the registration authority, on the application of the commercial subject, of the relevant commercial subject in order to confirm the qualifications of its commercial subject or to carry out the relevant business transactions, With the further development of the socialist market economy, the commercial registration system of our country has also exposed some problems, such as the decentralization of legislation, Too much emphasis on public power while neglecting the private rights of citizens, the government's administrative behavior is rigid and conservative, the responsibility is unclear, the work efficiency is low, the entry threshold is high for enterprises, and the design of access system is cumbersome and complicated. The cost of commercial registration is too high and too heavy. The key problems in the commercial registration system of our country are that the balanced development mechanism between the government public power and the private rights of the main body of registration has not been established, and the functional orientation of the government registration authority is unreasonable. The registration legislation is not perfect, which can not meet the needs of the economic development and the development of the main body of the market. The key to solve this problem is to find the correct management position of the registration organ, and to define the scope of the registration work reasonably. On the basis of the reasonable definition of the management function of the government as the main body of the market and the function of allocating the resources of the market, the establishment of the norm and the examination system of the market economy is ensured by the perfection of the registration legislation. Drawing lessons from the new public management theory to construct a new type of government and market access relationship re-rational design system to realize the system change, the government changes the administrative management idea, reasonably defines the management function, clarifies the registration organ's supervision guidance management function. In order to eliminate the imbalance between the government and the market, we should sort out and formulate relevant registration laws and regulations on the basis of maintaining private rights, and give full play to the autonomous role of the market subject, so as to eliminate the imbalance between the government and the market. Based on the purpose of reforming and perfecting the commercial registration system of our country, in 2013, the reform of commercial registration in our country was formally included in the Plan of Institutional Reform and functional Transformation of the State Council, which stipulates: "in accordance with the law, Administrative regulations and decisions of the State Council on matters requiring prior permission shall, except for matters relating to national security, the safety of citizens' lives and property, and so on, no longer implement the system of examination and approval by the competent department before industrial and commercial registration, and the commercial subject shall apply to the industrial and commercial department for registration. After obtaining a business license, he may engage in general production and business operations; apply for permission to the competent department with a business license and relevant materials to engage in production and business operations that require a license; and change the registration system of registered capital payment into a subscription registration system. And relax other conditions for industrial and commercial registration... "accelerate the transformation of government functions, innovate government supervision, establish fair, open and transparent market rules, and ensure entrepreneurial innovation." The typical areas represented by Shenzhen have carried out the exploration and attempt of commercial registration reform one after another. This paper starts from the origin of commercial registration system and its causes, and refers to the experience of foreign commercial registration. Based on the study of the practice mode of commercial registration reform in some typical areas of our country, this paper compares the present situation and predicament of the commercial reform in Taishan District of Taian City, Shandong Province, where I live. In order to promote the reform of commercial registration system in our country, the author provides a reference for the purpose of promoting the commercial registration system to serve the market economy and the market subject better.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F203.9

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