本文關鍵詞： 公共政策 公共政策執(zhí)行 公共政策執(zhí)行主體　出處：《東北財經大學》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：進入新世紀以來,胡錦濤總書記提出了科學發(fā)展觀確立了新時期中國國家的宏觀公共政策的價值基點,對21世紀中國的可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略、國家公共管理模式、以至國家與社會,政府與市場的關系產生深刻和長遠的影響。與此同時,在經歷了具有制度變遷與歷史涵義的深刻變革,付出了多年巨大艱辛的努力之后,我們國家正處于又好又快的發(fā)展階段。國家的蓬勃發(fā)展,跟各個省市地方所作出的貢獻有密切關系,正是由于個體的出色發(fā)揮,使得整體的功效發(fā)揮極致,是對“團結就是力量”的完美演示。 國家的騰飛離不開政策制定的好,落實的快,我們國家在短短十幾年間取得了突飛猛進的結果。在取得可喜成績的同時,我們不能忽視我們在某些環(huán)節(jié)還存在的不足,地方政府在響應與貫徹中央政策時,處理一些問題存在“瑕疵”,甚至缺乏重視,這是公共政策執(zhí)行力度不徹底的一種表現(xiàn)。例如山西王家?guī)X煤礦透水事故,紫金礦業(yè)污水泄漏事件等等,都是由于地方政府在政策執(zhí)行方面有所疏忽,反映出地方政府執(zhí)行中央相關政策時存在態(tài)度問題。在公共政策執(zhí)行的過程中,某些環(huán)節(jié)貫徹的不夠,或者政策執(zhí)行主體的職責疏忽都會影響到政策執(zhí)行的效果。以上反映出的問題,對各個地方政府都有警示作用。 在公共政策的執(zhí)行的過程中,任何一個不合理的要素都會對整個政策執(zhí)行的系統(tǒng)產生影響,從而降低整體的功能發(fā)揮。可以說,公共政策的執(zhí)行是一個復雜,科學的過程,任何一個環(huán)節(jié)都不可以出現(xiàn)問題。因為一個環(huán)節(jié)的失誤,對整個執(zhí)行帶來的影響是巨大的,可能直接導致政策目標的不可實現(xiàn)。目前,國內外學者對公共政策執(zhí)行都有一定的研究,一般都是從其制度或意義出發(fā),對政策執(zhí)行中的具體問題的研究較少。鑒于以上情況,本文在廣泛吸收國內外相關研究成果的基礎上,對中國地方政府在政策執(zhí)行的中存在的問題以及解決對策進行了研究。 本文一共分為三部分。第一步部分主要是對相關理論的基礎論述,為本文提供有力的理論支持,重點論述了公共政策執(zhí)行的定義、公共政策主體、公共政策執(zhí)行的相關理論；第二部分主要是分析我國地方政府在公共政策執(zhí)行環(huán)節(jié)中,存在的種種問題：公共政策本身存在缺陷、公共政策執(zhí)行的資源不足、執(zhí)行機制存在問題和監(jiān)督不到位等方面進行了論述。并通過案例把存在問題及原因具體化,與案例相結合也是為了分析的更加透徹；第三部分也就是本文的最后一部分,通過分析存在的原因,從而給出相關的解決存在問題的對策、方法、建議,通過完善政策制定和政策執(zhí)行這兩方面大的機制,來避免在公共政策執(zhí)行過程中易出現(xiàn)的一些問題,體現(xiàn)出本文對關于地方政策執(zhí)行過程中的一些看法和見解。
[Abstract]:Since entering the new century, General Secretary Hu Jintao has put forward the scientific concept of development, which establishes the value base of the macro public policy of China in the new period. In 21th century, the sustainable development strategy of China, the mode of national public management, and even the state and society are discussed. The relationship between the government and the market has a profound and long-term impact. At the same time, after going through profound changes with institutional changes and historical implications, and after years of great and arduous efforts, Our country is in a good and fast stage of development. The vigorous development of the country is closely related to the contributions made by various provinces, cities and places. It is precisely because of the outstanding performance of the individual that the overall effectiveness of the country is maximized. It is a perfect demonstration of "unity is strength". The country can not take off without good policy formulation and rapid implementation. Our country has made rapid progress in the short span of ten years. While we have achieved gratifying results, we cannot ignore the shortcomings we still have in some areas. When local governments respond to and implement central policies, there are "flaws" or even lack of attention to some problems, which is a manifestation of the incomplete implementation of public policies. For example, the Wangjialing Coal Mine in Shanxi Province is flooded. The Zijin mine sewage spill and so on are all due to the negligence of local governments in the implementation of policies, which reflects the problem of attitude of local governments in implementing the relevant policies of the central government. In the process of implementing public policies, The lack of implementation of some links or the negligence of the responsibility of the policy executive subject will affect the effect of policy implementation. The problems reflected above have a cautionary effect on all local governments. In the process of public policy implementation, any unreasonable element will have an impact on the whole system of policy implementation, thereby reducing the overall function. It can be said that the implementation of public policy is a complex and scientific process. There can be no problems at any one link. Because the impact of a single link on the overall implementation is enormous and could lead directly to the unrealisation of policy objectives. Scholars both at home and abroad have some research on the implementation of public policy, generally from its system or significance, the study of specific issues in policy implementation is less. On the basis of absorbing domestic and foreign related research results, this paper studies the problems existing in the policy implementation of local governments in China and the countermeasures to solve them. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part is the basic discussion of the relevant theories, which provides a strong theoretical support for this paper, focusing on the definition of public policy implementation, the main body of public policy, the relevant theory of public policy implementation; The second part is mainly to analyze the local governments in the implementation of public policy, there are a variety of problems: public policy itself is flawed, public policy implementation of insufficient resources, The problems in the implementation mechanism and the lack of supervision are discussed, and the problems and reasons are concretized through cases, which are also for the sake of more thorough analysis. The third part is the last part of this paper. Through the analysis of the reasons for the existence, this paper gives the relevant countermeasures, methods and suggestions to avoid some problems in the process of public policy implementation by perfecting the two major mechanisms of policy formulation and policy implementation. This paper reflects some views and opinions on the implementation of local policies.
【學位授予單位】：東北財經大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D625

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