水聲陣列探測算法及系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-05 19:13
【摘要】：水下目標(biāo)的高精度、高分辨、快速定位算法及水聲陣列探測系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計是水聲陣列探測技術(shù)的核心內(nèi)容。在復(fù)雜的水聲環(huán)境下，水下目標(biāo)的精確快速定位與跟蹤，是新一代水下探測裝備急需解決的關(guān)鍵問題。本論文針對復(fù)雜水聲環(huán)境下的實際應(yīng)用需求，對水下目標(biāo)的定位理論與方法、對影響目標(biāo)定位精度的陣列誤差校正方法和陣列通道間同步采樣方法、對水聲陣列探測系統(tǒng)這一實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)定位的硬件基礎(chǔ)分別進(jìn)行了研究。本論文的主要研究內(nèi)容可歸納如下： 第一，針對近遠(yuǎn)場混合源的分類與定位問題，首先，提出了一種采用交替搜尋方法進(jìn)行二維混合源分類與距離(Range)參數(shù)估計的算法，它以較低的計算量實現(xiàn)了二維混合源的分類與距離參數(shù)估計。然后，又提出了一種采用求根比較方法進(jìn)行二維混合源分類與定位的算法，它具有更低的計算量，能充分利用陣列的孔徑。最后，對前述方法進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展，提出了一種三維混合源定位算法，實現(xiàn)了方位角、仰角、距離參數(shù)的高精度聯(lián)合估計。 第二，針對傳統(tǒng)等距線陣孔徑小而限制角度分辨率的問題，利用稀疏線陣構(gòu)造了一個十字型稀疏陣列，并提出了一種能實現(xiàn)陣列孔徑擴(kuò)展的三維近場源定位算法。該算法獲得了更大的陣列孔徑，避免了參數(shù)配對，計算量小，能同時定位更多的信號源，具有更好的角度分辨率和參數(shù)估計精度。 第三，針對單信號源定位以及陣列探測系統(tǒng)部分通道失效的問題，首先，基于稀疏線陣，提出了一種遠(yuǎn)場單源一維到達(dá)角(Direction-Of-Arrival, DOA)估計算法及其改進(jìn)算法；改進(jìn)算法具有陣列所需陣元少、角度分辨率高、角度參數(shù)估計精度高、計算量小的優(yōu)點。然后，基于此一維DOA估計算法，設(shè)計了兩種稀疏垂直陣列結(jié)構(gòu)，并結(jié)合二維角度變換技術(shù)，實現(xiàn)了遠(yuǎn)場單源的二維DOA估計。 第四，針對兩種不同的陣列幅相誤差模型，提出了兩種校正原理類似的快速幅相誤差有源校正算法。它們都不需進(jìn)行矩陣的特征值分解，計算量非常小，同時，它們的校正精度與相位誤差的大小無關(guān)，且能分別被使用到兩種不同的陣列幅相誤差模型中，通用性好。 第五，針對傳統(tǒng)水聲陣列探測系統(tǒng)同步采樣精度不高的問題，根據(jù)不同類型信號傳輸接口模塊的特點，提出了兩種陣列探測系統(tǒng)高同步精度采樣方法；主要包括誤差產(chǎn)生機(jī)理的分析，，同步采樣模型的建立，傳輸延時的估計、測量與補(bǔ)償方法的提出，克服相位抖動方法的提出、殘余同步采樣誤差的分析等；最后，通過實驗驗證了所提出算法的優(yōu)越性。 第六，對本項目組已研制出的兩套水聲陣列探測系統(tǒng)的主要模塊及成纜過程進(jìn)行了簡單介紹；并基于其中一套系統(tǒng)，通過湖試實驗，對本論文中所提出的陣列幅相誤差校正算法和單信號源DOA估計算法進(jìn)行了實驗驗證，實驗結(jié)果證明了這兩個算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:The high precision, high resolution, fast positioning algorithm of underwater targets and the design of underwater acoustic array detection system are the core contents of underwater acoustic array detection technology. In the complex underwater acoustic environment, the precise and rapid positioning and tracking of underwater targets is a key problem urgently to be solved in the new generation of underwater detection equipment. According to the practical application requirements of complex underwater acoustic environment, the theory and method of underwater target positioning, the method of array error correction and the synchronous sampling method between array channels, which affect the accuracy of target location, are presented in this paper. The hardware foundation of underwater acoustic array detection system is studied. The main contents of this thesis can be summarized as follows: first, aiming at the classification and location of near-and far-field mixed sources, firstly, An alternative search algorithm for two-dimensional hybrid source classification and distance (Range) parameter estimation is proposed in this paper. The two-dimensional hybrid source classification and distance parameter estimation are implemented with low computational complexity. Then, an algorithm for two-dimensional hybrid source classification and location using root-finding comparison method is proposed, which has lower computational complexity and can make full use of the aperture of the array. Finally, a three-dimensional hybrid source localization algorithm is proposed to achieve high-precision joint estimation of azimuth, elevation and distance parameters. Secondly, aiming at the problem that the aperture of the traditional isometric linear array is small and the angular resolution is limited, a cross-shaped sparse array is constructed by using the sparse linear array, and a three-dimensional near-field source localization algorithm which can realize the expansion of the aperture of the array is proposed. The algorithm can obtain larger array aperture, avoid parameter pairing, reduce computational complexity, locate more signal sources at the same time, and have better angle resolution and parameter estimation accuracy. Thirdly, to solve the problems of single signal source location and partial channel failure of array detection system, firstly, based on sparse linear array, a far-field single source one-dimensional arrival angle (Direction-Of-Arrival, DOA) estimation algorithm and its improved algorithm are proposed. The improved algorithm has the advantages of fewer array elements, high angle resolution, high accuracy of angle parameter estimation and less computation. Then, based on this one-dimensional DOA estimation algorithm, two kinds of sparse vertical array structures are designed, and the two-dimensional DOA estimation of the far-field single source is realized by combining the two-dimensional angle transformation technique. Fourth, for two different array amplitude and phase error models, two fast active correction algorithms for amplitude and phase error are proposed, which are similar in principle. They do not need to decompose the eigenvalues of the matrix, and the calculation is very small. At the same time, their correction accuracy is independent of the size of the phase error, and can be used in two different array amplitude and phase error models. Fifthly, aiming at the problem that the precision of synchronous sampling is not high in the traditional underwater acoustic array detection system, according to the characteristics of different types of signal transmission interface modules, two high-precision sampling methods of array detection system are proposed. It mainly includes the analysis of the mechanism of error generation, the establishment of synchronous sampling model, the estimation of transmission delay, the proposed method of measurement and compensation, the method of overcoming phase jitter, the analysis of residual synchronous sampling error, and so on. Finally, the superiority of the proposed algorithm is verified by experiments. Sixth, the main modules and cable-forming process of two sets of underwater acoustic array detection system which have been developed by the project team are briefly introduced. Based on one of the systems, the calibration algorithm of array amplitude and phase error and the DOA estimation algorithm of single signal source are verified by lake experiment. The experimental results show that the two algorithms are effective.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB566
本文編號：2469837
[Abstract]:The high precision, high resolution, fast positioning algorithm of underwater targets and the design of underwater acoustic array detection system are the core contents of underwater acoustic array detection technology. In the complex underwater acoustic environment, the precise and rapid positioning and tracking of underwater targets is a key problem urgently to be solved in the new generation of underwater detection equipment. According to the practical application requirements of complex underwater acoustic environment, the theory and method of underwater target positioning, the method of array error correction and the synchronous sampling method between array channels, which affect the accuracy of target location, are presented in this paper. The hardware foundation of underwater acoustic array detection system is studied. The main contents of this thesis can be summarized as follows: first, aiming at the classification and location of near-and far-field mixed sources, firstly, An alternative search algorithm for two-dimensional hybrid source classification and distance (Range) parameter estimation is proposed in this paper. The two-dimensional hybrid source classification and distance parameter estimation are implemented with low computational complexity. Then, an algorithm for two-dimensional hybrid source classification and location using root-finding comparison method is proposed, which has lower computational complexity and can make full use of the aperture of the array. Finally, a three-dimensional hybrid source localization algorithm is proposed to achieve high-precision joint estimation of azimuth, elevation and distance parameters. Secondly, aiming at the problem that the aperture of the traditional isometric linear array is small and the angular resolution is limited, a cross-shaped sparse array is constructed by using the sparse linear array, and a three-dimensional near-field source localization algorithm which can realize the expansion of the aperture of the array is proposed. The algorithm can obtain larger array aperture, avoid parameter pairing, reduce computational complexity, locate more signal sources at the same time, and have better angle resolution and parameter estimation accuracy. Thirdly, to solve the problems of single signal source location and partial channel failure of array detection system, firstly, based on sparse linear array, a far-field single source one-dimensional arrival angle (Direction-Of-Arrival, DOA) estimation algorithm and its improved algorithm are proposed. The improved algorithm has the advantages of fewer array elements, high angle resolution, high accuracy of angle parameter estimation and less computation. Then, based on this one-dimensional DOA estimation algorithm, two kinds of sparse vertical array structures are designed, and the two-dimensional DOA estimation of the far-field single source is realized by combining the two-dimensional angle transformation technique. Fourth, for two different array amplitude and phase error models, two fast active correction algorithms for amplitude and phase error are proposed, which are similar in principle. They do not need to decompose the eigenvalues of the matrix, and the calculation is very small. At the same time, their correction accuracy is independent of the size of the phase error, and can be used in two different array amplitude and phase error models. Fifthly, aiming at the problem that the precision of synchronous sampling is not high in the traditional underwater acoustic array detection system, according to the characteristics of different types of signal transmission interface modules, two high-precision sampling methods of array detection system are proposed. It mainly includes the analysis of the mechanism of error generation, the establishment of synchronous sampling model, the estimation of transmission delay, the proposed method of measurement and compensation, the method of overcoming phase jitter, the analysis of residual synchronous sampling error, and so on. Finally, the superiority of the proposed algorithm is verified by experiments. Sixth, the main modules and cable-forming process of two sets of underwater acoustic array detection system which have been developed by the project team are briefly introduced. Based on one of the systems, the calibration algorithm of array amplitude and phase error and the DOA estimation algorithm of single signal source are verified by lake experiment. The experimental results show that the two algorithms are effective.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB566
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 徐雅倩;郭高峰;劉方正;;拖線陣聲納探測技術(shù)研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢[J];價值工程;2017年09期
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 曾耀平;被動多目標(biāo)分辨與方位估計技術(shù)研究[D];西北工業(yè)大學(xué);2016年
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 劉松濤;便攜式三維圖像聲吶波速形成算法 FPGA 設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)[D];浙江大學(xué);2016年
本文編號：2469837
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