【摘要】：油擴散泵是目前用來獲得高真空的工具之一,其應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域較為廣泛。它具有成本低,結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、制造容易、無機械傳動、無振動、無噪聲、操作方便、便于維護(hù)、壽命長等特點。油擴散泵的抽氣速率和返油率是反應(yīng)油擴散泵工作性能的重要指標(biāo),而如何提高油擴散泵的抽氣速率和降低返油率一直是相關(guān)研究單位關(guān)注的重點。一般來說,在結(jié)構(gòu)上影響擴散泵抽速的因素主要是噴嘴直徑、噴嘴喉部間隙、各級間距、腔體形狀等。本文通過對KT-400油擴散泵的設(shè)計計算初步確定了油擴散泵的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸,利用Solidworks進(jìn)行三維建模并使用計算流體力學(xué)的軟件Fluent對噴嘴結(jié)構(gòu)、張角角度、喉部間隙和各級的級間間距進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬并加以優(yōu)化,同時也對擋油帽、擋油環(huán)和凸腔腔體對蒸汽射流的影響做了數(shù)值模擬。通過數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果得出,噴嘴的結(jié)構(gòu)可以影響被噴出的蒸汽射流的速度;噴嘴張角越大蒸汽射流速度越大;喉部間隙越小蒸汽射流速度越大;各級間間距是存在最優(yōu)值的;各級間間距越大,從一級噴嘴噴射出的蒸汽射流速度越小;級間間距過小,各級噴出的蒸汽射流將會相互干擾;擋油帽和擋油環(huán)可以有效的阻止蒸汽的返流;凸腔泵的返油率要低于直腔泵。
[Abstract]:Oil diffuser pump is one of the tools used to obtain high vacuum, and it is widely used in many fields. It has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, easy manufacture, no mechanical transmission, no vibration, no noise, convenient operation, easy maintenance and long life. The pumping rate and the oil return rate of the oil diffuser pump are the important indexes of the performance of the reaction oil diffusion pump, and how to improve the pumping rate and reduce the oil return rate of the oil diffusion pump has been the focus of the relevant research units. Generally speaking, the main factors affecting the pumping speed of the diffuser pump are nozzle diameter, nozzle throat clearance, space between different levels, cavity shape and so on. Based on the design and calculation of KT-400 oil diffuser pump, the structure dimension of oil diffuser pump is preliminarily determined. The three-dimensional modeling is carried out by using Solidworks, and the nozzle structure and angle are obtained by using the computational fluid dynamics software Fluent. At the same time, the effects of cap, ring and cavity on the steam jet are simulated numerically and optimized. The results of numerical simulation show that the structure of the nozzle can affect the velocity of the steam jet, the larger the nozzle angle, the greater the velocity of steam jet, the smaller the throat clearance, the greater the velocity of steam jet. The larger the distance between the different levels, the smaller the velocity of steam jet ejected from the first stage nozzle, the smaller the interval between stages, the interference between the steam jet of each stage, the effective prevention of steam reflux by the cap and ring; The oil return rate of convex cavity pump is lower than that of straight cavity pump.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB752.42

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