支持設計重用的知識組件構建方法研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-10 06:58
【摘要】：產品設計是產品開發(fā)過程中的創(chuàng)造性階段，，其本質是一個基于既有知識產生新知識的過程。在產品設計領域，大約70%的設計工作為自適應設計和變型設計，新產品設計大約60%以上的工作都基于以往經驗展開。因此，如何將已有的設計資源組織起來，當有新的任務需求時，通過完全重用或部分修改的方式開展設計成為提升產品設計效率和質量的關鍵問題。然而，目前設計重用領域的研究工作主要集中于對以往設計活動和設計資源的挖掘、表達、管理以及通用的設計重用服務兩個方面，對設計過程重用的研究較少，設計重用方法自動化程度較低，無法將設計人員從大量重復性工作中解放出來。針對以上問題，本文提出了支持設計重用的知識組件方法，并對知識組件構建過程中的參數(shù)推理、求解器集成以及知識組件組合等關鍵技術進行了研究，具體研究內容如下： （1）針對現(xiàn)有設計重用方法的不足，提出了支持設計重用的知識組件方法，設計了知識組件的結構，對知識組件各組成部分以及相互之間的關聯(lián)關系進行了詳細的說明，在此基礎上分析了知識組件的調用方式。通過實例證明了該方法可以實現(xiàn)設計知識自動服務于設計過程，大大減少設計人員的重復性勞動。 （2）針對知識組件運行過程中，輸入參數(shù)值的變化往往會引起許多非預期的負面影響，輸入參數(shù)值的確定需要設計人員具備全面設計知識的問題，提出了基于因果模型的參數(shù)推理方法。首先分析了參數(shù)推理模型，在此基礎上結合模型推理思想，提出了因果模型的定義。通過因果模型自動推理出有效的設計參數(shù)，并通過啟發(fā)式搜索算法選擇出需要的參數(shù)方案。 （3）針對企業(yè)在求解器部署、維護、升級等方面成本較高，并且分布式求解器無法得到統(tǒng)一管理的問題，提出基于應用虛擬化的知識組件求解器集成方法。分析了知識組件運行中常用求解器的執(zhí)行過程，在此基礎上研究了基于應用虛擬化技術的求解器部署方式、流交付機制以及求解器服務器負載均衡機制。 （4）針對知識組件封裝層次低，無法有效支持多子任務設計過程中設計重用的問題，提出了面向設計任務的知識組件組合方法。首先基于知識組件的結構設計了知識組件組合框架，其次基于Flex實現(xiàn)了知識組件組合體的可視化建模，最后研究了知識組件組合體的執(zhí)行方式并以實例驗證了知識組件組合方法可以為多子任務設計過程中設計重用提供有效支持。 （5）基于上述理論和方法，設計并開發(fā)了知識組件構建與執(zhí)行系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)了對知識組件組成元素、求解器、知識組件、知識組件組合體的綜合管理，驗證了通過知識組件實現(xiàn)設計重用的有效性。
[Abstract]:Product design is a creative stage in the process of product development, and its essence is a process of producing new knowledge based on existing knowledge. In the field of product design, about 70% of the design work is adaptive design and variant design, and more than 60% of the new product design work is based on previous experience. Therefore, how to organize the existing design resources, when there are new task requirements, design through the way of complete reuse or partial modification becomes the key problem to improve the efficiency and quality of product design. However, at present, the research work in the field of design reuse mainly focuses on the mining, expression, management and general design reuse services of the past design activities and design resources. Design reuse methods are less automated and can't liberate designers from a lot of repetitive work. Aiming at the above problems, this paper proposes a knowledge component method to support design reuse, and studies the key technologies such as parameter reasoning, solver integration and knowledge component composition in the process of building knowledge components. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) aiming at the shortcomings of the existing design reuse methods, a knowledge component method supporting design reuse is proposed, and the structure of the knowledge component is designed. In this paper, the components of knowledge component and the relation between them are explained in detail, and then the method of calling knowledge component is analyzed. It is proved by an example that the design knowledge can automatically serve the design process and greatly reduce the repetitive work of the designers. (2) in the process of knowledge component running, the change of input parameter value often causes many unexpected negative effects. The determination of input parameter value requires designer to have overall design knowledge. A parameter reasoning method based on causality model is proposed. First, the parametric reasoning model is analyzed, and the definition of causality model is put forward based on the thought of model reasoning. The effective design parameters are automatically inferred by causality model, and the required parameters are selected by heuristic search algorithm. (3) aiming at the problem that enterprises have high cost in the deployment, maintenance and upgrade of solver, and the distributed solver can not be managed uniformly, a knowledge component solver integration method based on application virtualization is proposed. Based on the analysis of the execution process of common solvers in the running of knowledge components, the deployment mode of solvers, the flow delivery mechanism and the load balancing mechanism of solver server based on application virtualization technology are studied. (4) aiming at the low level of knowledge component encapsulation, which can not effectively support design reuse in the process of multi-task design, a design task oriented knowledge component composition method is proposed. Firstly, the framework of knowledge component composition is designed based on the structure of knowledge component. Secondly, the visual modeling of knowledge component assembly is realized based on Flex. Finally, the execution mode of the knowledge component assembly is studied, and an example is given to verify that the knowledge component composition method can provide effective support for design reuse in the process of multi-task design. (5) based on the above theories and methods, a knowledge component construction and execution system is designed and developed. The system realizes the comprehensive management of the components of knowledge components, solvers, and knowledge component combinations, and verifies the effectiveness of reusing design through knowledge components.
【學位授予單位】：北京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB472
本文編號：2321708
[Abstract]:Product design is a creative stage in the process of product development, and its essence is a process of producing new knowledge based on existing knowledge. In the field of product design, about 70% of the design work is adaptive design and variant design, and more than 60% of the new product design work is based on previous experience. Therefore, how to organize the existing design resources, when there are new task requirements, design through the way of complete reuse or partial modification becomes the key problem to improve the efficiency and quality of product design. However, at present, the research work in the field of design reuse mainly focuses on the mining, expression, management and general design reuse services of the past design activities and design resources. Design reuse methods are less automated and can't liberate designers from a lot of repetitive work. Aiming at the above problems, this paper proposes a knowledge component method to support design reuse, and studies the key technologies such as parameter reasoning, solver integration and knowledge component composition in the process of building knowledge components. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) aiming at the shortcomings of the existing design reuse methods, a knowledge component method supporting design reuse is proposed, and the structure of the knowledge component is designed. In this paper, the components of knowledge component and the relation between them are explained in detail, and then the method of calling knowledge component is analyzed. It is proved by an example that the design knowledge can automatically serve the design process and greatly reduce the repetitive work of the designers. (2) in the process of knowledge component running, the change of input parameter value often causes many unexpected negative effects. The determination of input parameter value requires designer to have overall design knowledge. A parameter reasoning method based on causality model is proposed. First, the parametric reasoning model is analyzed, and the definition of causality model is put forward based on the thought of model reasoning. The effective design parameters are automatically inferred by causality model, and the required parameters are selected by heuristic search algorithm. (3) aiming at the problem that enterprises have high cost in the deployment, maintenance and upgrade of solver, and the distributed solver can not be managed uniformly, a knowledge component solver integration method based on application virtualization is proposed. Based on the analysis of the execution process of common solvers in the running of knowledge components, the deployment mode of solvers, the flow delivery mechanism and the load balancing mechanism of solver server based on application virtualization technology are studied. (4) aiming at the low level of knowledge component encapsulation, which can not effectively support design reuse in the process of multi-task design, a design task oriented knowledge component composition method is proposed. Firstly, the framework of knowledge component composition is designed based on the structure of knowledge component. Secondly, the visual modeling of knowledge component assembly is realized based on Flex. Finally, the execution mode of the knowledge component assembly is studied, and an example is given to verify that the knowledge component composition method can provide effective support for design reuse in the process of multi-task design. (5) based on the above theories and methods, a knowledge component construction and execution system is designed and developed. The system realizes the comprehensive management of the components of knowledge components, solvers, and knowledge component combinations, and verifies the effectiveness of reusing design through knowledge components.
【學位授予單位】：北京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB472
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