【摘要】：我國地處世界的兩大地震帶之間，地震災(zāi)害頻發(fā)，一直危害著人們的生命、財(cái)產(chǎn)安全，為解決地震動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的不利影響，研究人員進(jìn)行了大量的結(jié)構(gòu)振動(dòng)控制方面的研究，其中滑動(dòng)模態(tài)控制由于其抗干擾強(qiáng)且設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)單，是目前應(yīng)用較為廣泛的控制策略之一。然而，過大的抖振制約了滑�？刂圃趯�(shí)際工程中的應(yīng)用，全狀態(tài)反饋的設(shè)計(jì)會(huì)造成經(jīng)濟(jì)效益差、時(shí)滯效應(yīng)。因此，本文以傳統(tǒng)滑�？刂扑惴榛A(chǔ)，采用一種組合趨近律，并在有限狀態(tài)反饋下對(duì)控制器進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償設(shè)計(jì)，形成了一種能夠減小抖振、均衡控制效果與控制力、易于有限狀態(tài)反饋設(shè)計(jì)的滑模算法，并將其應(yīng)用在智能結(jié)構(gòu)體系中。主要內(nèi)容有以下幾個(gè)方面： (1)利用Matlab對(duì)一個(gè)底層安裝有超磁致伸縮材料（Giant Magnetostrictive Material，簡(jiǎn)稱GMM）作動(dòng)器的三層剪切型結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬。研究證明，相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)滑模算法，基于組合趨近律并帶有補(bǔ)償器的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)弱抖振滑�？刂扑惴ǹ梢韵魅跸到y(tǒng)的抖振，，并且更易于有限狀態(tài)反饋的設(shè)計(jì)。 (2)介紹了結(jié)構(gòu)-主動(dòng)調(diào)諧質(zhì)量阻尼器體系的運(yùn)動(dòng)方程和狀態(tài)方程的建立，以及此時(shí)控制器中補(bǔ)償器設(shè)計(jì)的詳細(xì)步驟，對(duì)安裝主動(dòng)調(diào)諧質(zhì)量阻尼器的單自由度結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行數(shù)值分析。通過比較無控、未帶補(bǔ)償器以及帶補(bǔ)償器的滑模控制算法這三種工況下的時(shí)程分析圖，驗(yàn)證了所提控制算法的有效性；通過指定最大控制力（飽和控制）對(duì)補(bǔ)償設(shè)計(jì)前后進(jìn)行對(duì)比，驗(yàn)證了補(bǔ)償設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)控制效果與控制力的均衡。最后，將結(jié)構(gòu)質(zhì)量矩陣浮動(dòng)10%，給出位移時(shí)程圖與控制力時(shí)程圖，驗(yàn)證了本算法對(duì)于質(zhì)量參數(shù)變化的魯棒性。 (3)對(duì)偏心結(jié)構(gòu)-調(diào)液柱形阻尼器體系進(jìn)行了研究，建立了狀態(tài)方程，利用了一個(gè)單層偏心結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行數(shù)值分析。結(jié)果顯示，扭轉(zhuǎn)-耦聯(lián)效應(yīng)確實(shí)會(huì)對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)振動(dòng)反應(yīng)造成一定放大效應(yīng)；本文所提出的算法在偏心結(jié)構(gòu)-調(diào)液柱形阻尼器體系中有良好的的控制作用。最后，將結(jié)構(gòu)剛度矩陣浮動(dòng)10%，給出x方向的位移時(shí)程圖與控制力時(shí)程圖，驗(yàn)證了本算法對(duì)于剛度參數(shù)變化的魯棒性。 研究結(jié)果表明，本文提出的基于組合趨近律并帶有補(bǔ)償器的滑模控制算法能夠應(yīng)用于本文所提出的三種智能結(jié)構(gòu)體系中且取得了良好的控制效果，并解決了如下問題：削弱系統(tǒng)抖振、有限狀態(tài)反饋的控制設(shè)計(jì)、均衡控制效果與控制力。為滑�？刂扑惴òl(fā)展了一種新的思路，具有一定的理論意義，為其工程應(yīng)用提供了一些參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:China is located between the two major seismic zones in the world. The frequent occurrence of earthquake disasters has been endangering people's lives and property safety. In order to solve the adverse effects of ground motion, researchers have carried out a large number of structural vibration control research. Sliding mode control is one of the most widely used control strategies because of its strong anti-jamming and simple design. However, excessive buffeting restricts the application of sliding mode control in practical engineering, and the design of full state feedback will result in poor economic benefit and time-delay effect. Therefore, based on the traditional sliding mode control algorithm, this paper adopts a combined approach law and compensates the controller under the finite state feedback, which can reduce buffeting, equalize the control effect and control force. The sliding mode algorithm, which is easy to design with finite state feedback, is applied to intelligent structure. The main contents are as follows: (1) A three-layer shear structure with a giant magnetostrictive material (Giant Magnetostrictive Material, (GMM) actuator is numerically simulated by Matlab. Compared with the traditional sliding mode algorithm, the weak buffeting sliding mode control algorithm based on combinatorial approach law with compensator can weaken the chattering of the system and is easier to design with finite state feedback. (2) the establishment of motion equation and state equation of structure-active tuned mass damper system and the detailed steps of compensator design in the controller are introduced. Numerical analysis of single-degree-of-freedom structure with active tuned mass damper is carried out. The validity of the proposed control algorithm is verified by comparing the time-history analysis diagrams of the uncontrolled, uncompensated and sliding mode control algorithms with compensator. The balance between the control effect and the control force of the compensation design is verified by comparing the maximum control force (saturation control) before and after the compensation design. Finally, the displacement time diagram and the control force time chart are given by floating the mass matrix of the structure, and the robustness of the algorithm to the change of mass parameters is verified. (3) the eccentricity structure-liquid regulating column damper system is studied, the equation of state is established, and a single-layer eccentric structure is numerically analyzed. The results show that the torsional coupling effect does produce a certain amplification effect on the vibration response of the structure, and the algorithm presented in this paper has a good control effect in the eccentric structure-liquid regulating column damper system. Finally, by floating the stiffness matrix of the structure by 10 steps, the displacement time diagram and the control force time chart of x direction are given, which verifies the robustness of this algorithm to the change of stiffness parameters. The results show that the proposed sliding mode control algorithm based on combinatorial approach law and with compensator can be applied to the three kinds of intelligent structures proposed in this paper with good control effect. The following problems are solved: buffeting of the system, control design of finite state feedback, equilibrium control effect and control force. This paper develops a new way of thinking for sliding mode control algorithm, which has certain theoretical significance and provides some reference value for its engineering application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU352.1;TB535

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