【摘要】：芯片集成度的提高與技術(shù)呈現(xiàn)指數(shù)式的增長,導(dǎo)致高科技產(chǎn)品的不斷推出,使消費者在其面前越來越手足無措。如何有效的向用戶呈現(xiàn)與產(chǎn)品相關(guān)的交互信息,尤其是消費類電子產(chǎn)品,是目前工業(yè)設(shè)計領(lǐng)域面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)之一。本文,一方面嘗試對認(rèn)知摩擦理論體系進(jìn)行探索與拓展研究,以此豐富和完善該理論,另一方面,力求利用系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計方法,對用戶與產(chǎn)品之間的交互關(guān)系進(jìn)行引導(dǎo),從而消解認(rèn)知摩擦。本課題在國家自然科學(xué)基金和教育部社科基金的資助下,以降低、消解認(rèn)知摩擦為目標(biāo),開展了認(rèn)知摩擦理論、指標(biāo)測量以及輔助設(shè)計的工具開發(fā)等關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容的研究,充分利用事件相關(guān)電位技術(shù)的時間分辨率、認(rèn)知心理學(xué)中的認(rèn)知模式和來自生態(tài)心理學(xué)的Affordance理論(可供性),從而在產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計過程中,期望實現(xiàn)對產(chǎn)品和用戶之間的交互關(guān)系進(jìn)行主動調(diào)控,消除用戶在使用產(chǎn)品過程中的挫敗感。本研究基于認(rèn)知心理學(xué)、神經(jīng)電生理學(xué)以及生態(tài)心理學(xué)的相關(guān)研究內(nèi)容以及成果,論文主要工作如下:(一)在基礎(chǔ)理論研究方面,通過對認(rèn)知差異特點的研究,闡明了認(rèn)知摩擦這一概念及其特點,并從設(shè)計模型、表現(xiàn)模型及用戶模型出發(fā),分析認(rèn)知摩擦產(chǎn)生的各種成因;利用事件相關(guān)電位技術(shù),對它的兩個主要維度在認(rèn)知加工過程中相互交互的時間進(jìn)程進(jìn)行認(rèn)知過程的測量,進(jìn)而,從心理生理學(xué)的角度,客觀的揭示出認(rèn)知摩擦發(fā)生的本質(zhì)。(二)在實驗研究方面,使用事件相關(guān)電位技術(shù)進(jìn)行認(rèn)知摩擦的指標(biāo)探尋,從產(chǎn)品感性意象認(rèn)知的不同匹配度出發(fā),以造型和色彩兩個設(shè)計要素為實驗樣本,揭示了腦電成分N400 P200可以作為衡量認(rèn)知摩擦大小的指標(biāo);其次,通過實驗范式的改變,發(fā)現(xiàn)P200是主導(dǎo)產(chǎn)品affordance的重要腦電成分。(三)以降低與控制認(rèn)知摩擦為目標(biāo),開展認(rèn)知摩擦的消解模式研究。應(yīng)用認(rèn)知心理學(xué)模式識別中的原型匹配理論模型,以視知覺為研究對象,對哪一種刺激信息編碼與視覺模式最為匹配做出判斷,從而對視知覺模式進(jìn)行解構(gòu)、提取與歸納,闡明了部分視知覺面向界面的認(rèn)知模式,并以其基本模式為原則,進(jìn)行案例優(yōu)化設(shè)計,并在最終的界面設(shè)計中,運用優(yōu)化后的設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則進(jìn)行界面設(shè)計,從而實現(xiàn)設(shè)計信息的有效組織與呈現(xiàn)。(四)以突顯與預(yù)期行為相關(guān)的產(chǎn)品屬性為目標(biāo),確保產(chǎn)品更貼近用戶的心智模型,進(jìn)行了affordance線上化產(chǎn)品輔助設(shè)計工具的開發(fā)。該設(shè)計工具以終端用戶對產(chǎn)品affordance的質(zhì)量反饋進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品設(shè)計參數(shù)的改變,并結(jié)合交互式微型遺傳算法的搜索機(jī)制,獲得明確的affordance與設(shè)計參數(shù)之間的映射關(guān)系。隨后,提出面向affordance以用戶為中心實驗的設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則,經(jīng)過不同案例的多次運行,均證明可以獲得較優(yōu)的解決方案集。不僅提高設(shè)計工作效率,而且關(guān)注了用戶的需求。
[Abstract]:The improvement of chip integration and the exponential growth of technology lead to the continuous introduction of high-tech products, making consumers more and more confused in front of them. How to effectively present interactive information related to products, especially consumer electronic products, is one of the main challenges in the field of industrial design. In this paper, on the one hand, we try to explore and expand the cognitive friction theory system to enrich and improve the theory, on the other hand, we try to use the system design method to guide the interaction between users and products. In order to eliminate cognitive friction. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Social Science Foundation of the Ministry of Education, the research on the theory of cognitive friction, the measurement of indicators and the development of tools for aided design are carried out with the aim of reducing and eliminating cognitive friction. Make full use of the temporal resolution of event-related potential technology, cognitive models in cognitive psychology and Affordance theory (availability) from ecological psychology, so that in the process of product design, It is expected that the interaction between products and users can be actively regulated and the frustration of users in the process of using the products can be eliminated. This research is based on the research contents and achievements of cognitive psychology, neurophysiology and ecological psychology. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) in the basic theoretical research, through the research on the characteristics of cognitive differences, This paper expounds the concept and characteristics of cognitive friction, and analyzes the causes of cognitive friction from design model, representation model and user model. The two main dimensions of cognitive processing in the process of mutual interaction of the cognitive process of the measurement of the cognitive process, and then, from the perspective of psychological physiology, objectively revealed the nature of cognitive friction. (2) in the aspect of experimental research, using event-related potential technology to explore the index of cognitive friction, starting from the different matching degree of perceptual image cognition of product, taking two design elements of shape and color as experimental samples; It is revealed that the EEG component N400P200 can be used as an index to measure the size of cognitive friction. Secondly, through the change of experimental paradigm, it is found that P200 is an important EEG component that dominates the production of affordance. (3) aiming at reducing and controlling cognitive friction, the resolution model of cognitive friction is studied. The prototype matching theory model in cognitive psychology pattern recognition is applied to judge which stimulation information code and visual pattern match most, and then deconstruct, extract and induce the visual perception pattern. This paper expounds the cognitive mode of partial visual perception oriented to the interface, and based on its basic model, carries on the case optimization design, and in the final interface design, uses the optimized design criterion to carry on the interface design. In order to achieve the effective organization and presentation of design information. (4) aiming at highlighting the product attributes related to the expected behavior and ensuring that the product is closer to the user's mental model, the paper develops the affordance on-line product aided design tool. In this design tool, the product design parameters are changed by the quality feedback from the end user to the product affordance, and the mapping relationship between the affordance and the design parameters is obtained by combining the searching mechanism of the interactive micro-genetic algorithm. Then, a design criterion for affordance user-centered experiments is proposed. It is proved that a better solution set can be obtained through several operations of different cases. Not only improve the efficiency of the design, but also pay attention to the needs of users.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB47
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本文編號：2226280