本文選題：約束阻尼結(jié)構(gòu) + 模態(tài)損耗因子��； 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：粘彈性阻尼材料以其良好的振動能量耗散能力在汽車阻尼減振技術(shù)中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。粘彈性約束阻尼復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)與黏貼或涂敷阻尼材料相比具有良好的減振降噪效果，但其阻尼性能對溫度、振動頻率等工作環(huán)境的依賴度很大，如何準確地建立阻尼復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的模型一直是工程分析中的難點。本文依據(jù)模態(tài)應(yīng)變能理論，建立約束阻尼結(jié)構(gòu)計算模型，利用基因遺傳優(yōu)化算法和漸進優(yōu)化算法進行相應(yīng)的阻尼結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計。本文主要工作內(nèi)容如下 首先，分析影響粘彈性阻尼材料性能的重要環(huán)境因素，通過數(shù)學(xué)模型近似描述粘彈性阻尼材料的力學(xué)性能，，依據(jù)模態(tài)應(yīng)變能理論，將粘彈性阻尼材料引起的結(jié)構(gòu)振動復(fù)特征值問題簡化為實特征值問題，運用ANSYS/APDL建立約束阻尼(CLD)矩形板有限元模型進行求解，并與傳統(tǒng)復(fù)特征值法進行對比，結(jié)果顯示模態(tài)應(yīng)變能法計算過程簡便，且能夠滿足計算精度要求。 其次，針對粘彈性阻尼材料的溫變和頻變特性，改進模態(tài)應(yīng)變能法，通過ANSYS/APDL與MATLAB聯(lián)合仿真，分析環(huán)境溫度、結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)以及結(jié)構(gòu)形式對阻尼結(jié)構(gòu)模態(tài)固有頻率和損耗因子的影響。算例結(jié)果表明聯(lián)合仿真方法能夠靈活的對阻尼復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)振動特性進行研究，在阻尼結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計中具有一定的理論和實用意義。 然后，引入基因遺傳優(yōu)化算法（GA），建立以阻尼處理起始位置、阻尼處理長度、阻尼層厚度和約束層厚度為優(yōu)化變量，以結(jié)構(gòu)模態(tài)損耗因子、結(jié)構(gòu)模態(tài)頻率改變量及阻尼處理附加質(zhì)量為優(yōu)化目標的約束阻尼梁多目標優(yōu)化的數(shù)學(xué)模型，采用MATLAB遺傳算法工具對不同優(yōu)化方案進行優(yōu)化。對比不同方案的優(yōu)化結(jié)果表明遺傳算法優(yōu)化效果顯著，能夠靈活地對阻尼結(jié)構(gòu)進行優(yōu)化設(shè)計。 最后，推導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu)模態(tài)損耗因子相對于阻尼胞單元位置的靈敏度表達式，基于漸進優(yōu)化算法的優(yōu)化準則，設(shè)計漸進拓撲優(yōu)化計算流程，通過ANSYS/APDL參數(shù)化的程序設(shè)計語言編寫拓撲優(yōu)化程序，對約束阻尼矩形薄板的阻尼處理位置進行拓撲優(yōu)化，分析滿足阻尼處理體積約束條件下，不同模態(tài)阻尼損耗因子最大化時的約束阻尼處理構(gòu)型。 結(jié)果表明，環(huán)境溫度、各層厚度和結(jié)構(gòu)形式是影響阻尼結(jié)構(gòu)減振性能的重要參數(shù)，基于模態(tài)應(yīng)變能法的阻尼結(jié)構(gòu)振動分析和優(yōu)化設(shè)計能夠滿足工程分析精度要求，具有一定工程應(yīng)用價值。
[Abstract]:Viscoelastic damping materials have been widely used in automobile damping technology because of their good vibration energy dissipation ability. Viscoelastic constrained damping composite structure has better vibration and noise reduction effect than adhesive or coated damping material, but its damping performance is highly dependent on temperature, vibration frequency and other working environment. How to accurately establish the damping composite structure model has been a difficult point in engineering analysis. Based on the theory of modal strain energy, the computational model of constrained damping structure is established in this paper, and the genetic optimization algorithm and progressive optimization algorithm are used to carry out the corresponding optimization design of damping structure. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the important environmental factors affecting the properties of viscoelastic damping materials are analyzed, and the mechanical properties of viscoelastic damping materials are approximately described by mathematical model, and the modal strain energy theory is used to describe the mechanical properties of viscoelastic damping materials. The complex eigenvalue problem of structural vibration caused by viscoelastic damping material is simplified to a real eigenvalue problem. The finite element model of constrained damping (CLD) rectangular plate is established by ANSYS / APDL, and compared with the traditional complex eigenvalue method. The results show that the modal strain energy method is simple and accurate. Secondly, according to the characteristics of temperature and frequency variation of viscoelastic damping materials, the modal strain energy method is improved, and the effects of ambient temperature, structural parameters and structure form on the natural frequency and loss factor of damping structure are analyzed through the joint simulation of ANSYS / APDL and MATLAB. The numerical results show that the joint simulation method can study the vibration characteristics of damped composite structures flexibly and has certain theoretical and practical significance in the design of damped structures. Then, genetic optimization algorithm (GA) is introduced to establish the structural modal loss factor based on the initial position of damping treatment, the length of damping treatment, the thickness of damping layer and the thickness of constraint layer. The mathematical model of multi-objective optimization of constrained damped beam with structural modal frequency change and additional mass of damping treatment is used to optimize different optimization schemes by using MATLAB genetic algorithm tool. Compared with the optimization results of different schemes, the genetic algorithm is effective and flexible in the design of damping structures. Finally, the sensitivity expression of the structural modal loss factor relative to the position of the damping cell unit is derived. Based on the optimization criteria of the progressive optimization algorithm, the computational flow of the progressive topology optimization is designed. The topological optimization program is compiled by ANSYS / APDL parameterized programming language to optimize the damping position of constrained damping rectangular thin plate. The constrained damping treatment configuration when the damping loss factor of different modes is maximized. The results show that the ambient temperature, the thickness of each layer and the structure form are the important parameters affecting the damping structure's vibration absorption performance. The vibration analysis and optimization design of the damping structure based on the modal strain energy method can meet the requirements of the engineering analysis precision. It has certain engineering application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB535.1

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