本文選題：太陽能制冷 + 太陽跟蹤控制�。� 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：能源是人類生存的基礎(chǔ)，當(dāng)前人類正面臨著石油和煤炭等常規(guī)礦物燃料枯竭的嚴(yán)重威脅。與此同時(shí)，我國(guó)的建筑能耗占社會(huì)總能耗25%以上，而在建筑能耗中，空調(diào)能耗占到50%以上，并且建筑物空調(diào)的需求量呈逐年上升趨勢(shì)，給能源、電力和環(huán)境帶來很大的壓力。世界各地都在加緊對(duì)新能源和高效空調(diào)技術(shù)的研究。太陽能技術(shù)和吸收式制冷技術(shù)已單獨(dú)使用近半個(gè)世紀(jì)，隨著材料、工質(zhì)、工藝制造及設(shè)計(jì)理念的不斷改進(jìn)、特別是自動(dòng)化控制技術(shù)突飛猛進(jìn)的發(fā)展，產(chǎn)生了采用太陽能熱水驅(qū)動(dòng)吸收式制冷機(jī)提供建筑制冷的技術(shù)，既提高整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行效率和投資回報(bào)率，也減少了溫室氣體排放。 本文采用的太陽能集熱器為拋物面聚焦型集熱器，熱水設(shè)計(jì)溫度為180℃，，屬于可驅(qū)動(dòng)雙效吸收式制冷機(jī)高品位熱源，制冷機(jī)的綜合能源利用效率達(dá)到1.3以上。為提高太陽能空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的綜合利用效率，必須解決太陽能集熱器控制系統(tǒng)存在的跟蹤精度、聚光效率、輻射強(qiáng)度變化的問題，以及對(duì)其產(chǎn)生高溫?zé)崴氖褂煤桶踩Ｗo(hù)機(jī)制。 本文對(duì)太陽能集熱器和溴化鋰吸收式制冷機(jī)的工作原理進(jìn)行進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的描述和分析；提出了以太陽能熱水為主熱源，燃?xì)馊紵龣C(jī)為輔助熱源的雙熱源吸收式制冷機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)和控制方案，在太陽能不足或夜晚時(shí)，采用雙熱源吸收式制冷機(jī)，確保制冷機(jī)能全天候持續(xù)不間斷穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。根據(jù)對(duì)槽式太陽能集熱器的跟蹤運(yùn)行特性分析，提出了視日運(yùn)行軌跡對(duì)太陽計(jì)算粗跟蹤與光電檢測(cè)精確跟蹤相結(jié)合的自動(dòng)跟蹤方案，有效地解決由太陽能聚焦不準(zhǔn)確而導(dǎo)致效率下降的問題，使集熱板能快速準(zhǔn)確的找到太陽焦點(diǎn)位置，并實(shí)時(shí)修正，確保跟蹤精度。通過對(duì)太陽能空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)，闡述了控制系統(tǒng)軟硬件組成和特點(diǎn)，對(duì)控制系統(tǒng)操作界面及相關(guān)重要的控制和保護(hù)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)說明。 目前本文研究的控制系統(tǒng)已成功應(yīng)用于遠(yuǎn)大集團(tuán)的太陽能制冷產(chǎn)品，系統(tǒng)達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求，產(chǎn)品已銷售到國(guó)內(nèi)多個(gè)省市和國(guó)外市場(chǎng)。
[Abstract]:Energy is the basis of human survival. At present, mankind is facing a serious threat of depletion of conventional fossil fuels such as oil and coal. At the same time, the building energy consumption in our country accounts for more than 25% of the total energy consumption of the society, but in the building energy consumption, the air conditioning energy consumption accounts for more than 50%, and the demand for building air conditioning is increasing year by year, which brings great pressure to energy, electricity and environment. Research on new energy sources and efficient air-conditioning technologies is being stepped up around the world. Solar energy technology and absorption refrigeration technology have been used alone for nearly half a century. With the continuous improvement of materials, working fluids, process manufacturing and design concepts, especially the rapid development of automatic control technology, The solar hot water driven absorption refrigerator is used to provide building refrigeration, which not only improves the operating efficiency and return on investment of the whole system, but also reduces the greenhouse gas emission. The solar collector used in this paper is a parabolic focused collector, and the design temperature of hot water is 180 鈩

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