本文選題：葉片　切入點：干摩擦　出處：《南京航空航天大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：發(fā)動機故障有很多，，其中最常見的就是葉片的振動導致的故障，大約占到全部發(fā)動機故障的三分之一。通過干摩擦阻尼來減小葉片的振動不僅施行起來簡單，而且效果顯著，能夠限制構件的應力水平，因此在航空發(fā)動機、電站汽輪機、燃氣輪機等渦輪機上得到廣泛的應用。深入研究葉片的振動特性以及其減振技術，盡可能的降低葉片的振動程度，具有極其重要的理論意義和工程實際意義。 本文結(jié)合有限元分析方法，在建立三維干摩擦模型的基礎上，編制葉片的振動響應分析程序，通過對各種葉片進行理論計算，分析每個參數(shù)對不同葉片振動特性的影響，并將對葉片的減振特性分析擴展到葉/盤結(jié)構的葉片模型上，充分考慮了盤片耦合對減振效果的影響。本文主要工作如下： （1）在二維整體—局部統(tǒng)一滑動模型的基礎上，考慮法向振動對正壓力的影響，引入動摩擦系數(shù)和靜摩擦系數(shù)的概念，建立三維整體—局部統(tǒng)一滑動模型。 （2）在對三維運動模型進行求解時，考慮摩擦力的非線性特征，采用新的干摩擦阻尼等效方案，將接觸面之間的干摩擦力變換為新的等效阻尼及等效剛度，推導出新的等效剛度和等效阻尼的計算公式。 （3）利用ANSYS軟件的諧響應分析功能，結(jié)合VC++和APDL語言，編寫了對應于不同類型葉片的振動響應分析程序，用簡化的帶緣板阻尼器葉片、300平行冠葉片和450鋸齒冠葉片進行算例分析，分析正壓力、外激勵對減振效果的影響，得到其各自的干摩擦減振特性。 （4）設計合理的振動響應實驗方案，對300平行冠葉片和450鋸齒冠葉片的干摩擦減振特性進行了實驗分析，為理論計算提供實驗參照依據(jù)。 （5）應用針對循環(huán)對稱結(jié)構在簡諧激勵作用下的振動響應的數(shù)學求解模型，編寫鋸齒冠葉片基于葉/盤結(jié)構的循環(huán)對稱結(jié)構分析程序，對450鋸齒冠葉片進行基于葉/盤結(jié)構的減振特性分析。
[Abstract]:There are many engine failures, among which the most common one is the fault caused by blade vibration, which accounts for about 1/3 of all engine failures. Reducing the vibration of blade by dry friction damping is not only simple, but also effective. It can limit the stress level of the components, so it is widely used in aero-engine, power plant steam turbine, gas turbine and so on. The vibration characteristics of the blade and its damping technology are studied in depth to reduce the vibration degree of the blade as much as possible. It is of great theoretical and practical significance. Based on the three-dimensional dry friction model and finite element analysis method, the vibration response analysis program of blade is compiled in this paper. Through theoretical calculation of various blades, the influence of each parameter on the vibration characteristics of different blades is analyzed. The analysis of the vibration absorption characteristics of the blade is extended to the blade model of the blade / disk structure, and the effect of disk coupling on the damping effect is fully considered. The main work of this paper is as follows:. 1) on the basis of two-dimensional global and local unified sliding model, considering the influence of normal vibration on normal pressure, the concepts of dynamic friction coefficient and static friction coefficient are introduced, and a three-dimensional integral and local unified sliding model is established. 2) considering the nonlinear characteristics of friction force, a new dry friction damping equivalent scheme is adopted to transform the dry friction force between contact surfaces into new equivalent damping and equivalent stiffness. A new formula for calculating equivalent stiffness and damping is derived. Using the harmonic response analysis function of ANSYS software and combining VC and APDL language, the program of vibration response analysis corresponding to different types of blades is compiled. The simplified blade with edge plate damper is used to analyze the parallel crown blade and 450 sawtooth crown blade. The effects of positive pressure and external excitation on the damping effect are analyzed and their dry friction characteristics are obtained. 4) A reasonable vibration response experimental scheme is designed. The dry friction vibration absorption characteristics of 300 parallel crown blades and 450 sawtooth crown blades are experimentally analyzed, which provides an experimental reference for theoretical calculation. In this paper, a mathematical solution model for the vibration response of cyclic symmetric structure under harmonic excitation is applied to compile a cyclic symmetric structure analysis program based on blade / disk structure. The vibration absorption characteristics of 450 sawtooth crown blades based on leaf / disk structure were analyzed.
【學位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB535.1

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