發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-13 21:38

  本文選題：特種車(chē)輛　切入點(diǎn)：有源噪聲控制　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：特種車(chē)輛內(nèi)部噪聲的危害已經(jīng)引起相關(guān)部門(mén)的高度重視,利用技術(shù)手段對(duì)特種車(chē)輛車(chē)內(nèi)噪聲進(jìn)行主動(dòng)控制,改善車(chē)內(nèi)的人機(jī)環(huán)境是一項(xiàng)具有重大意義的課題�，F(xiàn)有的有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)多停留在仿真階段,在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中難以達(dá)到系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)要求。現(xiàn)有的有源噪聲控制算法依賴(lài)于次級(jí)通道模型的建立,需要得到次級(jí)通道的精確模型是應(yīng)用有源噪聲控制算法的一個(gè)嚴(yán)重障礙。針對(duì)以上問(wèn)題,本文的工作主要從以下幾個(gè)方面展開(kāi)： 首先,針對(duì)適用于仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)中的LMS自適應(yīng)算法在穩(wěn)定性、降噪效果方面的缺陷,本文對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的LMS自適應(yīng)算法加以改進(jìn),應(yīng)用FX-LMS算法建立一個(gè)自適應(yīng)前饋有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng),采用通過(guò)估計(jì)次級(jí)通道過(guò)濾后的參考噪聲信號(hào)來(lái)代替直接采集到的參考噪聲信號(hào),從而避免因次級(jí)通道而產(chǎn)生的延時(shí)。并對(duì)影響FX-LMS算法性能的因素進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,選取最合適的參數(shù)可以使系統(tǒng)獲得較好的穩(wěn)定性和降噪效果。 其次,鑒于有源噪聲控制算法對(duì)次級(jí)通道模型的依賴(lài),本文在研究現(xiàn)有基于無(wú)次級(jí)通道建模的有源噪聲控制算法的基礎(chǔ)上提出了基于同步擾動(dòng)隨機(jī)逼近算法的自適應(yīng)無(wú)模型控制方法,克服了因次級(jí)通道建模誤差引起的不能穩(wěn)定降噪問(wèn)題,使有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)的性能得到有效改善。 由于有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)中次級(jí)聲源和誤差傳聲器的布放對(duì)降噪效果影響較大,為了能用較少數(shù)目的次級(jí)聲源和誤差傳聲器獲得更好的降噪效果和更大的降噪空間,本文以矩形封閉空間為例,通過(guò)在LMS Virtual.Lab Acoustics下對(duì)封閉空間內(nèi)有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行建模與仿真分析,對(duì)次級(jí)聲源和誤差傳聲器的布放策略進(jìn)行了研究,得出了有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)中次級(jí)聲源和誤差傳聲器布放對(duì)系統(tǒng)實(shí)際降噪效果的影響規(guī)律,并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了可行方案。 最后,本文還從系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)的角度來(lái)驗(yàn)證了基于無(wú)次級(jí)通道建模的自適應(yīng)ANC算法和有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)中次級(jí)聲源和誤差傳聲器的布放策略。實(shí)驗(yàn)證明,本文構(gòu)建的有源噪聲控制系統(tǒng)能有效降低封閉空間內(nèi)噪聲,系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性較好,達(dá)到了系統(tǒng)的預(yù)定設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:The harm of interior noise of special vehicles has been paid great attention to by relevant departments. The internal noise of special vehicles is actively controlled by technical means. It is of great significance to improve the man-machine environment in the vehicle. The existing active noise control systems stay in the simulation stage. It is difficult to meet the design requirements of the system in practical application. The existing active noise control algorithms depend on the establishment of the secondary channel model. The need to obtain a precise model of secondary channels is a serious obstacle to the application of active noise control algorithms. In view of the above problems, the work of this paper is mainly carried out from the following aspects:. First of all, aiming at the defects of LMS adaptive algorithm in stability and noise reduction, the traditional LMS adaptive algorithm is improved, and an adaptive feedforward active noise control system is established by using FX-LMS algorithm. By estimating the filtered reference noise signal of the secondary channel instead of the directly collected reference noise signal, the delay caused by the secondary channel is avoided, and the factors affecting the performance of the FX-LMS algorithm are analyzed experimentally. Selecting the most suitable parameters can make the system obtain better stability and noise reduction effect. Secondly, in view of the dependence of the active noise control algorithm on the secondary channel model, In this paper, an adaptive model-free control method based on synchronous perturbation stochastic approximation algorithm is proposed on the basis of studying the existing active noise control algorithms without secondary channel modeling. The problem of unstable noise reduction caused by secondary channel modeling error is overcome, and the performance of active noise control system is improved effectively. Because the arrangement of secondary sound sources and error microphones in active noise control system has great influence on the noise reduction effect, in order to obtain better noise reduction effect and greater noise reduction space with fewer secondary sound sources and error microphones, In this paper, taking rectangular closed space as an example, through modeling and simulation analysis of active noise control system in closed space under LMS Virtual.Lab Acoustics, the placement strategy of secondary sound source and error microphone is studied. The influence of secondary sound source and error microphone placement on the actual noise reduction in active noise control system is obtained, and a feasible scheme is put forward. Finally, from the point of view of system implementation, the adaptive ANC algorithm based on non-secondary channel modeling and the placement strategy of secondary sound source and error microphone in active noise control system are verified. The active noise control system constructed in this paper can effectively reduce the noise in the closed space and the stability of the system is good.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB535

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