本文關(guān)鍵詞： 無(wú)容器熔融 超聲駐波懸浮 電磁感應(yīng)加熱 聲壓仿真 非金屬材料　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著凝聚態(tài)物理、生化分析等技術(shù)的發(fā)展,人們對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境要求不斷提高,無(wú)容器處理技術(shù)便應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。因懸浮技術(shù)成本低,效果穩(wěn)定,研究者逐漸將精力轉(zhuǎn)入懸浮上來(lái),其中聲懸浮由于其懸浮力較大,懸浮穩(wěn)定,并且對(duì)懸浮物沒(méi)有特殊性質(zhì)要求等優(yōu)點(diǎn),其應(yīng)用范圍和領(lǐng)域在不斷的擴(kuò)大。本文首先從無(wú)容器處理技術(shù)入手,分析現(xiàn)有的無(wú)容器處理技術(shù)的方法和種類(lèi),通過(guò)對(duì)比分析,最終選用超聲駐波懸浮作為本實(shí)驗(yàn)的技術(shù)手段。通過(guò)對(duì)比現(xiàn)有的加熱技術(shù)手段,選取了電磁感應(yīng)技術(shù)作為本實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的加熱方式;通過(guò)介紹電磁感應(yīng)加熱技術(shù)的發(fā)展歷程和優(yōu)勢(shì)。最終提出現(xiàn)階段非金屬材料懸浮熔融和階梯凝固存在的問(wèn)題。第二章從超聲駐波懸浮原理入手,分析聲頻率、溫度、重力水平和腔體形狀對(duì)駐波聲輻射力和懸浮穩(wěn)定性的影響。綜合各種因素,選用具有較大功率的壓電陶瓷式超聲換能器,其固有頻率為19330Hz,經(jīng)兩級(jí)變幅桿放大之后最大位移滿(mǎn)足使用要求。本文的實(shí)驗(yàn)加熱裝置采用高頻電磁螺線圈感應(yīng)加熱諧振管。電磁螺線圈由于高頻交流電的通入,產(chǎn)生交變磁場(chǎng),其產(chǎn)生的磁束貫穿金屬體,在金屬體內(nèi)部形成渦電流,由焦耳熱效應(yīng)產(chǎn)生高溫。對(duì)電磁感應(yīng)線圈進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),考慮包括線圈形狀、匝數(shù)、匝間距等因素對(duì)感應(yīng)加熱的影響,利用maxwell軟件,對(duì)比各種不同影響因子的影響情況,最終確定最佳參數(shù)制作樣機(jī)。基于選用的換能器和諧振管以及電磁螺線圈,建立了聲懸浮裝置的ANSYS有限元模型,分析了存在觀察孔的諧振管對(duì)超聲駐波懸浮的影響,通過(guò)仿真確定觀察孔的尺寸;建立了瞬態(tài)熱分析的有限元模型,對(duì)比諧振管在不同溫度下對(duì)懸浮物的影響情況,通過(guò)理論分析,選擇合適的諧振管溫度來(lái)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)以上仿真分析和理論得到的結(jié)果,搭建了無(wú)容器熔融實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),完成了石蠟和pom材料小球在超聲駐波懸浮下的無(wú)容器熔融實(shí)驗(yàn),主要實(shí)現(xiàn)不同石蠟小球的無(wú)容器熔融和階梯凝固,并且實(shí)現(xiàn)不同懸浮物在不同溫度狀態(tài)和不同重力水平下的懸浮實(shí)驗(yàn)。本文的最后是對(duì)全文理論、設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)驗(yàn)的全面回顧和評(píng)價(jià),針對(duì)本文設(shè)計(jì)制作的無(wú)容器熔融實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置存在的問(wèn)題,提出了建議和設(shè)想,為以后進(jìn)一步的研究工作指出了改進(jìn)方向。
[Abstract]:With the development of condensed matter physics, biochemical analysis and other technologies, the requirement of experimental environment is increasing, and the technology of containerless treatment comes into being. Because of the low cost and stable effect of suspending technology, researchers gradually turn their attention to levitation. Among them, acoustic suspension has the advantages of large suspending force, stable suspension, and no special property requirement, so its application scope and field are constantly expanding. Firstly, this paper starts with the technology of containerless treatment. This paper analyzes the methods and types of the existing containerless treatment technology, and finally selects the ultrasonic standing wave suspension as the technical means of this experiment by comparing the existing heating technology means, and finally selects the ultrasonic standing wave suspension as the technical means of this experiment. The electromagnetic induction technology is selected as the heating mode of this experiment. By introducing the development and advantages of electromagnetic induction heating technology, the problems existing in suspension melting and step solidification of non-metallic materials at the present stage are put forward. Chapter two begins with the principle of ultrasonic standing wave suspension, and analyzes the acoustic frequency and temperature. Effects of gravity level and cavity shape on standing wave acoustic radiation force and suspension stability. The natural frequency is 19330Hz, and the maximum displacement can meet the requirements after the amplification of the two-stage amplitude-varying rod. In this paper, the experimental heating device uses the high-frequency electromagnetic coil inductively to heat the resonant tube, which produces an alternating magnetic field due to the high frequency alternating current. The magnetic beam produced by the magnetic beam runs through the metal body and forms a vortex current in the metal body, which generates high temperature by the Joule heat effect. The optimum design of the electromagnetic induction coil includes the influence of the shape of the coil, the number of turns, the turn spacing and other factors on the induction heating. Maxwell software is used to compare the influence of different influence factors, and the optimal parameters are determined to make the prototype. Based on the selected transducer, resonant tube and electromagnetic coil, the ANSYS finite element model of the acoustic suspension device is established. The influence of resonant tube with observation hole on ultrasonic standing wave suspension is analyzed, the size of observation hole is determined by simulation, the finite element model of transient thermal analysis is established, and the influence of resonant tube on suspension at different temperature is compared. Through theoretical analysis, appropriate resonant tube temperature is selected for experiment. Based on the above simulation analysis and theoretical results, a containerless melting experiment platform is built. The experiments of non-vessel melting of paraffin and pom material spheres under ultrasonic standing wave suspension were completed. The experiments mainly realized the non-vessel melting and step solidification of different paraffin pellets. And the suspension experiments of different suspended solids at different temperature and gravity level are realized. The last part of this paper is a comprehensive review and evaluation of the theory, design and experiment. In view of the problems existing in the design and manufacture of the containerless melting experimental device in this paper, some suggestions and ideas are put forward, and the improvement direction for the further research work is pointed out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB32;TB559

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