我國商業(yè)銀行資本結構對經營績效的影響研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-13 08:54
【摘要】：西方經濟有自己的一套發(fā)展理論，然而由于西方與我國經濟環(huán)境的不同，其理論模式并不符合我國的經濟發(fā)展。一般來說，，企業(yè)資本指權益資本與債務資本的比例。一般企業(yè)對資本的定義與銀行對資本的定義是有著很大區(qū)別的，因為對商業(yè)銀行來說，它有股東投資而形成的一定產權資本，更重要的是，商業(yè)銀行大部分的資本來源是從社會上募集而來的債務資本，這是商業(yè)銀行的主要資本。在新的巴塞爾協議中也有具體的規(guī)定，銀行的資本包括兩大類，主要分為核心資本以及附屬資本，并規(guī)定了附屬資本的比例不能大于核心的100%，這種資本結構也就是通常一般企業(yè)說的股權結構。對商業(yè)銀行來說，一般是銀行股權結構對資本結構起了一定的作用，資本結構又影響了銀行的績效水平，這樣傳遞下來，也就是商業(yè)銀行的資本結構對績效有一定的影響，因此本文研究優(yōu)化資本結構來提高經營績效水平也就有了一定的意義。 文章就我國商業(yè)銀行資本結構對經營績效的影響進行了實證分析。在實證研究過程中，首先是選擇了目前我國上市的具有代表性的10家商業(yè)銀行，利用2007年中-2012年中6年的面板數據，資本結構指標主要從股權比例和資本的充足性方面進行衡量，經營績效指標則從財政部金融系統制定的指標體系加以衡量。分析了整體的商業(yè)銀行資本結構對經營績效的影響，得出了一個總的結論。接著為了更好的說明我們要研究的問題，選取了工商銀行作為國有銀行的代表，華夏銀行作為股份制商業(yè)銀行的代表，對這兩家銀行采用了從2007年-2012年的季度數據進行多元回歸，與總的實證結果進行對比分析。 本文在研究的過程中，注重從實際出發(fā)和研究結果的真實性，所得到的研究結論如下：不管是對國有大銀行而言，還是對小的股份制銀行而言，銀行第一大股東持股比例與經營績效都呈顯著負相關，這與我們的前提假設都是一致的；銀行前五大股東持股比例與經營績效顯著正相關；資本充足率與商業(yè)銀行的經營績效總得來說也呈現出正相關。對研究的十家商業(yè)銀行做的回歸分析結構得知，資本充足率與經營績效在5%的顯著水平下，是有著顯著的正相關關系的；總權益占總資產的比重與經營績效非顯著性正相關，對工商銀行的實證分析結果顯示總權益占總資產的比重與經營績效呈現負相關，對華夏銀行的研究發(fā)現，總權益占總資產的比重則呈現出不太顯著的正相關。文章的最后一部分是根據實證分析，得出了檢驗的結構，并提出了相關的政策建議。
[Abstract]:The western economy has its own development theory, however, because of the different economic environment between the west and our country, its theoretical model does not accord with the economic development of our country. Generally speaking, enterprise capital refers to the ratio of equity capital to debt capital. The definition of capital in general enterprises is quite different from the definition of capital in banks, because for commercial banks, it has certain property capital formed by the investment of shareholders, and more importantly, Most of the capital of commercial banks is debt capital raised from the society, which is the main capital of commercial banks. There are also specific provisions in the new Basel Accord. The capital of banks consists of two main categories, core capital and subsidiary capital, and stipulates that the proportion of subsidiary capital should not be greater than that of core capital. This capital structure is usually referred to as the equity structure of the general enterprise. For commercial banks, it is generally the equity structure of the banks that plays a certain role in the capital structure, and the capital structure also affects the performance level of the banks. In other words, the capital structure of the commercial banks has a certain impact on the performance. Therefore, this study on optimizing capital structure to improve the level of operating performance has certain significance. This paper makes an empirical analysis on the influence of the capital structure of Chinese commercial banks on business performance. In the process of empirical research, the first is to select 10 representative commercial banks listed in our country, using panel data from 2007 to 2012. The capital structure index is mainly measured from the equity ratio and the capital adequacy, while the management performance index is measured from the index system established by the financial system of the Ministry of Finance. This paper analyzes the influence of the overall capital structure of commercial banks on the operating performance, and draws a general conclusion. Then, in order to better explain the problems we are going to study, we select ICBC as the representative of the state-owned bank and Huaxia Bank as the representative of the joint-stock commercial bank. The two banks adopt the multivariate regression from 2007 to 2012 to compare the results with the total empirical results. In the course of the research, this paper pays attention to the reality and the authenticity of the research results. The conclusions are as follows: whether for the large state-owned banks or the small joint-stock banks, There is a significant negative correlation between the shareholding ratio of the first largest shareholder and the operating performance, which is consistent with our premise hypothesis; The proportion of the top five shareholders in the bank is significantly positively correlated with the operating performance, and the capital adequacy ratio is also positively correlated with the overall operating performance of the commercial bank. The regression analysis of ten commercial banks shows that there is a significant positive correlation between the capital adequacy ratio and the operating performance at the significant level of 5%. The proportion of total equity in total assets is not significantly correlated with operating performance. The empirical analysis of ICBC shows that the proportion of total equity in total assets is negatively correlated with operating performance, and the research on Huaxia Bank has found that there is a negative correlation between the proportion of total equity in total assets and operating performance. The proportion of total equity to total assets showed a less significant positive correlation. The last part of the article is based on empirical analysis, the structure of the test, and put forward relevant policy recommendations.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.33
本文編號：2328618
[Abstract]:The western economy has its own development theory, however, because of the different economic environment between the west and our country, its theoretical model does not accord with the economic development of our country. Generally speaking, enterprise capital refers to the ratio of equity capital to debt capital. The definition of capital in general enterprises is quite different from the definition of capital in banks, because for commercial banks, it has certain property capital formed by the investment of shareholders, and more importantly, Most of the capital of commercial banks is debt capital raised from the society, which is the main capital of commercial banks. There are also specific provisions in the new Basel Accord. The capital of banks consists of two main categories, core capital and subsidiary capital, and stipulates that the proportion of subsidiary capital should not be greater than that of core capital. This capital structure is usually referred to as the equity structure of the general enterprise. For commercial banks, it is generally the equity structure of the banks that plays a certain role in the capital structure, and the capital structure also affects the performance level of the banks. In other words, the capital structure of the commercial banks has a certain impact on the performance. Therefore, this study on optimizing capital structure to improve the level of operating performance has certain significance. This paper makes an empirical analysis on the influence of the capital structure of Chinese commercial banks on business performance. In the process of empirical research, the first is to select 10 representative commercial banks listed in our country, using panel data from 2007 to 2012. The capital structure index is mainly measured from the equity ratio and the capital adequacy, while the management performance index is measured from the index system established by the financial system of the Ministry of Finance. This paper analyzes the influence of the overall capital structure of commercial banks on the operating performance, and draws a general conclusion. Then, in order to better explain the problems we are going to study, we select ICBC as the representative of the state-owned bank and Huaxia Bank as the representative of the joint-stock commercial bank. The two banks adopt the multivariate regression from 2007 to 2012 to compare the results with the total empirical results. In the course of the research, this paper pays attention to the reality and the authenticity of the research results. The conclusions are as follows: whether for the large state-owned banks or the small joint-stock banks, There is a significant negative correlation between the shareholding ratio of the first largest shareholder and the operating performance, which is consistent with our premise hypothesis; The proportion of the top five shareholders in the bank is significantly positively correlated with the operating performance, and the capital adequacy ratio is also positively correlated with the overall operating performance of the commercial bank. The regression analysis of ten commercial banks shows that there is a significant positive correlation between the capital adequacy ratio and the operating performance at the significant level of 5%. The proportion of total equity in total assets is not significantly correlated with operating performance. The empirical analysis of ICBC shows that the proportion of total equity in total assets is negatively correlated with operating performance, and the research on Huaxia Bank has found that there is a negative correlation between the proportion of total equity in total assets and operating performance. The proportion of total equity to total assets showed a less significant positive correlation. The last part of the article is based on empirical analysis, the structure of the test, and put forward relevant policy recommendations.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.33
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