【摘要】：農(nóng)村金融是我國金融體系中最為薄弱的環(huán)節(jié),正規(guī)金融遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能滿足農(nóng)村地區(qū)群眾對金融產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的迫切需求,相當(dāng)一部分群眾被排除在正規(guī)金融體系之外。作為正規(guī)金融體系補(bǔ)充的微型金融,能夠?yàn)楸慌懦谡?guī)金融體系之外的中低收入人口和中小企業(yè)提供基本的金融服務(wù),雖然在我國取得一定的發(fā)展,但是依然面臨著許多障礙。如何促進(jìn)微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)可持續(xù)發(fā)展是對我國的一個(gè)重大考驗(yàn)。本文對我國微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)處于什么樣的可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平進(jìn)行了研究,以期為我國微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供建議。 首先,本文對微型金融的發(fā)展進(jìn)行了介紹,并從理論上分析了微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)的原因以及微型金融實(shí)現(xiàn)自身機(jī)構(gòu)可持續(xù)發(fā)展并兼具扶貧目標(biāo)的可能性。所以,從理論上講,微型金融能夠在實(shí)現(xiàn)自身機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)展的同時(shí),向更多更貧困人口提供能夠滿足他們需求的金融服務(wù)。 其次,本文采用了不消除規(guī)模因素和消除規(guī)模因素兩種不同的數(shù)據(jù)處理方法.并引入熵權(quán)法和TOPSIS法進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究。通過對我國不同類型微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平的對比研究得出結(jié)論：微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)的正規(guī)性與其可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平并沒有明顯的相關(guān)性；微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平與規(guī)模沒有明顯的相關(guān)性：微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)法律地位決定了微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)財(cái)務(wù)資源、資金來源方式和經(jīng)營方式的差別；不同類型的微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)具有不同的比較優(yōu)勢,商業(yè)銀行和農(nóng)村銀行在財(cái)務(wù)資源、客戶資源、人力資源及信息技術(shù)資源等外在資源稟賦方面具有明顯的規(guī)模優(yōu)勢,但是NGO和資金互助組織以及非銀行金融機(jī)構(gòu)在覆蓋深度和社會福利等社會責(zé)任履行方面表現(xiàn)更為突出。 最后,本文還將中國微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平與印度各類微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平進(jìn)行了對比分析,更加清晰地分析了我國微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平。研究得出結(jié)論,我國微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)在盈利、資產(chǎn)管理和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制等短期經(jīng)營效果方面優(yōu)于印度,但是在影響微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)長期發(fā)展的人力資源、信息技術(shù)、制度建設(shè)等方面,弱于印度,這直接導(dǎo)致了中國微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)的平均可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平低于印度大多數(shù)類型微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平,也低于印度的平均水平。因此,中國各類微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)要想取得長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展,必須重視機(jī)構(gòu)的能力建設(shè),關(guān)注機(jī)構(gòu)的長期發(fā)展?jié)摿Α?本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)在于,從規(guī)模的角度對我國各類微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平進(jìn)行了評價(jià),并與印度的各類微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了對比分析。在評價(jià)的過程中引入了熵權(quán)法和TOPSIS法。本文的研究可以有效彌補(bǔ)國內(nèi)關(guān)于微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平評價(jià)研究的不足,為學(xué)者對微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平的影響因素的研究提供一個(gè)新的視角。這不僅可以獲知我國各類微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)真實(shí)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平,而且可以為提高我國微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平的政策制定提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Rural finance is the weakest link in the financial system of our country. The formal finance is far from satisfying the urgent demand of the masses in rural areas for financial products or services, and a considerable proportion of the masses are excluded from the formal financial system. As a supplementary micro-finance for the regular financial system, basic financial services can be provided for low-and middle-income people and small and medium-sized enterprises excluded from the formal financial system, although some development has been achieved in our country, many obstacles remain. How to promote the sustainable development of micro financial institutions is a major test for our country. This paper studies the level of sustainable development of micro financial institutions in China, with a view to providing suggestions for the sustainable development of micro financial institutions in China. First of all, this paper introduces the development of micro finance, analyzes the causes of micro-financial institutions and the sustainable development of micro-finance to realize the goal of poverty alleviation. So, in theory, micro finance can provide more people with financial ability to meet their needs while realizing the development of their own institutions Secondly, this paper adopts two different scales that do not eliminate scale factor and eliminate scale factor. According to the processing method, the entropy weight method and TOPSIS method are introduced. Through the comparative study on the sustainable development level of different types of micro-financial institutions in China, it is concluded that the formal nature of micro financial institutions is not related to the sustainable development level, and the sustainable development level and scale of micro financial institutions are not clear. Relevance: The legal status of micro financial institutions determines the differences of financial resources, sources of funds and mode of operation of micro financial institutions; different types of micro-financial institutions have different comparative advantages; commercial banks and rural banks are in financial resources. There are obvious advantages in resource endowment, such as customer resources, human resources and information technology resources, but NGO and fund mutual aid organizations as well as non-bank financial institutions in terms of social responsibility performance, such as depth of coverage and social welfare. At last, the paper compares the sustainable development level of China's micro financial institutions with the sustainable development level of various micro-financial institutions in India, and makes a clearer analysis of our micro-financial institutions. The sustainable development level of micro financial institutions in China is superior to that of India in terms of profit, asset management and risk control. However, human resources, information technology and system construction in long-term development of micro financial institutions are influenced. On the other hand, weak in India, this directly leads to the average sustainable development level of micro-financial institutions in China lower than the sustainable development level of most types of micro-financial institutions in India, and also low At the average level of India, China's various micro-financial institutions must pay attention to the institution's capacity-building and focus on the long-term development of China's various micro-financial institutions The innovation point of this paper is that the sustainable development level of various micro-financial institutions in China is evaluated from the perspective of scale, Financial institutions were compared and analyzed. Entropy Weight Method and TOPSIS method. The research of this paper can make up the shortage of the research on the level of sustainable development of micro financial institutions in China, and the influence factors of scholars on the sustainable development level of micro financial institutions. The research provides a new perspective, which not only can learn the real sustainable development level of various micro financial institutions in our country, but also can improve the sustainable development level of micro financial institutions in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.39

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