本文選題：外資 + 零售業(yè)��； 參考：《天津師范大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：近幾年來,經(jīng)濟全球化進程不斷深化。我國作為世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家已經(jīng)在世界經(jīng)濟大舞臺中扮演著重要角色。高速發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟和不斷擴大的消費市場吸引了大量外商投資,而零售業(yè)作為銷售終端已經(jīng)成為外商投資的寵兒。外資零售業(yè)的大規(guī)模進入使得我國零售業(yè)的國際化進程不斷加快,自1992年對外開放以來,我國零售行業(yè)對外開放的領(lǐng)域逐漸放寬。漸進式的開放策略為國內(nèi)本土零售企業(yè)發(fā)展壯大自己提供了足夠的時間和余地,同時也滿足了外資零售企業(yè)進入中國市場的要求。中國政府于2004年12月11日取消了外資零售企業(yè)在地域、股權(quán)、數(shù)量等各方面的限制條件,這標志著我國零售業(yè)已經(jīng)進入全面開放時代。到目前為止,零售業(yè)已經(jīng)成為我國開放程度最高的領(lǐng)域之一。 外資零售企業(yè)的進入,一方面使得我國國內(nèi)零售企業(yè)取得了巨大進步,企業(yè)規(guī)模、信息化水平得到了極大提高,我國零售市場的業(yè)態(tài)形式也變得豐富多彩：另一方面,歷史和文化等的影響導致我國國內(nèi)零售企業(yè)在很多方面與外資零售企業(yè)存在巨大差距,本土零售企業(yè)遭受一定的沖擊在所難免,我國本土零售企業(yè)將會面臨前所未有的生存和競爭壓力。隨著外資零售企業(yè)的大規(guī)模進入,國內(nèi)關(guān)于外資進入我國零售業(yè)影響的討論很多,也有很多專家學者針對如何應對外資進入提出了寶貴的意見和策略。盡管關(guān)于外資對我國零售業(yè)影響的認識存在很大分歧,但我們?nèi)匀灰獙ζ渥鲆粋�全面的分析,繼而通過對中外零售企業(yè)的對比分析,尋找兩者之間存在的差距,并據(jù)此提出針對性的策略措施。 本文以外資零售業(yè)進入中國為研究課題,從相關(guān)概念出發(fā),運用定性分析與圖標分析相結(jié)合的方法,并通過對比中外零售企業(yè)在企業(yè)規(guī)模、市場集中度、組織形式、信息化水平、品牌影響力方面的差距,較為系統(tǒng)地研究了外資進入對我國零售業(yè)的影響,并提出了相應地應對措施。全文共分為六個部分： 第一部分是導論,主要介紹了本文的研究背景和研究意義、研究現(xiàn)狀、相關(guān)概念的界定、研究方法以及創(chuàng)新點；第二部分主要介紹外資進入中國零售市場的歷程及動因,介紹了改革開放以來外資零售企業(yè)在中國的發(fā)展情況,繼而分析外資零售企業(yè)選擇進入中國市場的內(nèi)外部原因,指出在未來很長的一段時間內(nèi),外資還會大規(guī)模的選擇進入中國市場,作為本土零售企業(yè)更應從自身出發(fā),提升自己的競爭力；第三部分主要對比中外零售企業(yè)在企業(yè)規(guī)模、市場集中度、組織形式、信息化水平、品牌影響力方面的差距,找出本土零售企業(yè)的不足；第四部分著重介紹外資進入對我國零售業(yè)所帶來的正反兩方面的影響,外資零售企業(yè)在進入中國市場后在一定程度上會對中國零售業(yè)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生積極影響,但我們更應該著重分析外資進入對我國零售企業(yè)帶來的威脅和挑戰(zhàn),爭取在與狼共舞中謀求發(fā)展；第五部分為我國零售業(yè)的發(fā)展提供對策與建議,政府應該從宏觀角度制定有利于本土零售企業(yè)發(fā)展的法律政策,本土零售企業(yè)本身應該積極尋找差距,彌補自己的不足,并結(jié)合自身情況準確定位,尋找適合自己的發(fā)展道路；第六部分是結(jié)論,從我國零售業(yè)全面開放近10年的歷程來看,只要本土零售企業(yè)找到適合自己的發(fā)展道路,不斷提升自己的競爭力,完全能夠與外資零售企業(yè)相抗衡。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the process of economic globalization has deepened. As the largest developing country in the world, China has played an important role in the world economic stage. The rapid development economy and the expanding consumer market have attracted a large number of foreign investment. As a sales terminal, the retail industry has become the favorite of foreign investment. The large-scale entry of the sale industry has accelerated the internationalization of the retail industry in China. Since the opening of the outside world in 1992, the field of opening up of the retail industry in our country has been gradually relaxed. The gradual opening policy provides enough time and room for the domestic retail enterprises to develop and expand themselves, and also satisfies the foreign retail enterprises. In the Chinese market, in December 11, 2004, the Chinese government cancelled the restrictions on the areas, equity and quantity of foreign retail enterprises, which marked the full opening of the retail industry in China. So far, the retail industry has become one of the most open range in our country.
On the one hand, the entry of foreign retail enterprises has made great progress in China's domestic retail enterprises, the scale of enterprises and the level of information have been greatly improved, and the form of the retail market in our country has become rich and colorful: on the other hand, the influence of history and culture on China's domestic retail enterprises in many aspects and foreign retail enterprises in China. There is a huge gap between the industry and the local retail enterprises. The local retail enterprises will face the unprecedented pressure of survival and competition. With the large-scale entry of foreign retail enterprises, there are many discussions on the impact of foreign investment on the retail industry in China, and many experts and scholars are aiming at how to deal with foreign investment. In spite of the great differences in the understanding of the impact of foreign investment on China's retail industry, we still have to do a comprehensive analysis of it, and then through the comparative analysis of Chinese and foreign retail enterprises, we will find the gap between the two and put forward strategic measures accordingly.
In this paper, we take the foreign retail trade into China as the research topic, starting from the related concepts, using the method of combining qualitative analysis and icon analysis, and comparing the gap between Chinese and foreign retail enterprises in enterprise scale, market concentration, organization form, information level and brand influence, and systematically studies the entry of foreign capital to China. The influence of selling industry is put forward and corresponding measures are put forward. The full text is divided into six parts:
The first part is the introduction, which mainly introduces the background and significance of the research, the research status, the definition of the related concepts, the research methods and the innovation points. The second part mainly introduces the process and motivation of foreign investment into China's retail market, and introduces the development of foreign retail enterprises in China since the reform and opening up. The internal and external reasons for the choice of the retail enterprises to enter the Chinese market point out that in a long period of time, the foreign capital will also enter the Chinese market in a large scale. As a local retail enterprise, it should start from itself and improve its competitiveness. The third part mainly compares the size of the enterprises, the market concentration, the group of the retail enterprises in China and foreign countries. In the fourth part, the fourth part focuses on the positive and negative impact of foreign investment on China's retail industry. After entering the Chinese market, foreign retail enterprises will have a positive impact on the development of China's retail industry, but I have a positive impact on the development of Chinese retail industry. We should focus on the analysis of the threat and challenge of foreign investment into China's retail enterprises and strive for development in the dance with wolves. The fifth part provides countermeasures and suggestions for the development of China's retail industry. The government should formulate legal policies that are beneficial to the development of local retail enterprises from a macro perspective. The local retail enterprises should accumulate their own products. Looking for the gap, making up for its own shortcomings, and combining with its own situation accurately, looking for its own development path. The sixth part is the conclusion, from the overall opening of the retail industry in China for nearly 10 years, as long as the local retail enterprises find their own development path and constantly improve their competitiveness, they can be completely free from foreign investment. The sale of enterprises is counterbalanced.
【學位授予單位】：天津師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F724.2;F832.6

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