本文選題：水銀行　切入點：存貸流程　出處：《武漢理工大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國是一個缺水嚴重的國家。水權制度的建設和水權市場的建立有利于提高水資源利用效率和配置效率,緩解水短缺問題。從目前實踐來看,水權轉讓范圍受限、水權交易法律保障不成熟、水權買賣存在風險。當下,“水銀行”作為一種新型的水權流轉有效形式,充分考慮水權不可交易或用水戶不愿交易的情況,彌補了水權交易市場運行的局限性；并且可以促使水這種稀缺資源得以從利用效率較低的部門流向較高的部門,提高水資源利用效率,因此它在一定程度上緩解了水資源短缺問題。 本文將產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟學、西方經(jīng)濟學中的水權市場理論、外部效應理論、供求關系理論等相結合,通過對前人觀念總結提出水銀行的概念定義,并且對水銀行的運作流程做出論述,最后研究水銀行運行過程中所存在的風險并給出了相應的對策建議。 (1)水銀行界定�！八y行”即是將水資源進行公平產(chǎn)權劃分之后,以水作為貨幣來建立一種存貸體系,人們可以將持有的富余水資源按一定的水息率存進這個體系,緊缺方亦能以一定利率從體系中對進行貸出。 (2)水銀行運作流程。水銀行的運作是持水方與需水方在謀求自身利益最大化的基礎上,借助水銀行對水權進行存、貸的過程。水權銀行的運作模式主要由三部分組成,存水、貸水和水息確定。水權存儲與借貸構成了水權銀行運作的主體模式,在二者的共同作用下,水銀行才能運作起來,同時水權存貸關系決定了水息。反過來,水息又引導者水銀行的存貸關系,具體表現(xiàn)為水息率的變化。 (3)水銀行風險與監(jiān)管。水銀行風險主要分為內(nèi)在風險和外部風險。內(nèi)在風險主要表現(xiàn)為存貸水風險、息價風險、信用風險、敞口風險、資本風險等；外部風險主要分為自然風險和社會風險。而監(jiān)管主要從內(nèi)部風險著手,并且以政府監(jiān)管、自律監(jiān)管、社會監(jiān)管三方面相結合的模式存在。
[Abstract]:China is a country with serious water shortage.The construction of water right system and the establishment of water right market can improve the efficiency of water resources utilization and allocation and alleviate the problem of water shortage.From the current practice, the scope of water rights transfer is limited, the legal protection of water rights trading is not mature, and there are risks in water rights trading.At present, as a new effective form of water rights circulation, "water bank" fully considers the situation that water rights cannot be traded or water users are unwilling to trade, which makes up for the limitation of water rights trading market.And it can promote the water as a scarce resource from the inefficient sector to the higher sector, improve the efficiency of water use, so to some extent, it alleviates the problem of water resources shortage.This paper combines industrial economics, water right market theory in western economics, external effect theory, supply and demand relation theory, and puts forward the concept definition of water bank by summarizing the former concepts, and discusses the operation process of water bank.Finally, the paper studies the risks in the operation of water bank and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.Water bank definition."Water Bank" is to divide water resources into fair property rights, and use water as money to set up a system of deposit and loan, in which people can deposit their surplus water resources at a certain rate of water interest.The shortage can also lend from the system at a certain rate of interest.Water bank operation process.The operation of water bank is the process of depositing and lending water right with the aid of water bank on the basis of maximizing their own interests.The operation mode of Water right Bank consists of three parts: water storage, loan water and water interest.Water right storage and loan constitute the main mode of operation of water right bank. Under the joint action of the two, the water bank can operate, and the water right deposit and loan relationship determines the water interest.On the other hand, water interest guides the deposit and loan relationship of water bank, which is the change of water interest rate.Water bank risk and supervision.The risk of water bank is mainly divided into internal risk and external risk.The internal risk includes water risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, exposure risk, capital risk and so on, while external risk is mainly divided into natural risk and social risk.The supervision mainly starts from the internal risk, and exists in three aspects: government supervision, self-regulation and social supervision.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.3

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