本文選題：貧困　切入點(diǎn)：金融反貧困　出處：《石河子大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的格局中，貧困一直是制約一個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的主要因素。與貧困相對(duì)應(yīng)的是反貧困，在全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的政策方針指引下，開(kāi)展反貧困工作已成為政府考慮的重點(diǎn)。近年來(lái)，我國(guó)金融改革呈現(xiàn)突破態(tài)勢(shì)，以金融手段加快反貧困進(jìn)程已經(jīng)成為政府與民眾的共識(shí)。那么，金融發(fā)展促進(jìn)貧困減少的內(nèi)部作用機(jī)制是怎樣的？金融發(fā)展在多大程度上能有效地減少貧困？這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題的有效解決也許可為各國(guó)的政策制定者提供一條脫貧致富的新路子。 目前貧困理論、反貧困理論、金融理論及金融反貧困理論表明金融發(fā)展在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方面發(fā)揮了巨大的作用，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)又會(huì)在一定程度上減少貧困。并且三者之間相互影響，相互制約，相互作用。然而要在貧困地區(qū)很好的開(kāi)展反貧困工作是非常艱巨的任務(wù)。本論文采用的研究方法有實(shí)地調(diào)研法、文獻(xiàn)檢索與文獻(xiàn)閱讀法和統(tǒng)計(jì)分析法等研究方法。本文寫(xiě)作的目的在于從金融視角探析具有新疆特色的金融反貧困動(dòng)態(tài)效益，幫助貧困人口脫貧，為新疆反貧困更深入的研究出份力。本文的寫(xiě)作將新疆27個(gè)國(guó)家級(jí)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)重點(diǎn)縣和3個(gè)自治區(qū)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)重點(diǎn)縣(以下簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)重點(diǎn)縣)農(nóng)村地區(qū)的貧困人口作為突破口，從經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)角度測(cè)度金融發(fā)展對(duì)貧困減少的效應(yīng)，對(duì)重點(diǎn)縣展開(kāi)了實(shí)地調(diào)查，并且利用面板數(shù)據(jù)模型評(píng)析金融手段在反貧困過(guò)程中直接和間接產(chǎn)生的效應(yīng)。分析結(jié)果表明：金融發(fā)展對(duì)貧困減少直接影響：農(nóng)戶(hù)貸款余額和得到貸款的農(nóng)戶(hù)數(shù)這兩個(gè)指標(biāo)對(duì)農(nóng)民人均純收入有正的影響，但農(nóng)戶(hù)貸款在支持農(nóng)民反貧困工作上發(fā)揮作用較大，而得到貸款的農(nóng)戶(hù)數(shù)量的多少相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)作用較弱；金融發(fā)展對(duì)貧困減少間接影響：在橫向上，，農(nóng)業(yè)貸款額相對(duì)于小企業(yè)貸款在對(duì)貧困減少方面起到更顯著的促進(jìn)作用。縱向上，小企業(yè)貸款所帶來(lái)的農(nóng)村GDP的增加是不顯著的。隨后，本文對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外金融反貧困實(shí)踐進(jìn)行了考察和借鑒。最后，針對(duì)全文的分析提出了實(shí)現(xiàn)新疆金融反貧困效應(yīng)的若干政策建議。
[Abstract]:In the pattern of economic development in China, poverty has been the main factor restricting the economic growth and social stability of a country or region.The anti-poverty is corresponding to poverty. Under the guidance of the policy and policy of building a well-off society in an all-round way, the anti-poverty work has become the focus of the government's consideration.In recent years, the financial reform of our country presents a breakthrough situation, and it has become a consensus between the government and the public to speed up the process of anti-poverty by means of financial means.So what is the internal mechanism of financial development for poverty reduction?To what extent can financial development be effective in reducing poverty?An effective solution to these two problems may provide a new way out of poverty for national policymakers.At present, poverty theory, anti-poverty theory, financial theory and financial anti-poverty theory show that financial development plays a great role in promoting economic growth, and economic growth will reduce poverty to a certain extent.And the three interact with each other, restrict each other, and interact with each other.However, it is a very difficult task to carry out anti-poverty work well in poor areas.The research methods used in this paper include field investigation, literature retrieval, literature reading and statistical analysis.The purpose of this paper is to explore the dynamic benefits of financial anti-poverty with Xinjiang characteristics from the perspective of finance, to help the poor people out of poverty, and to contribute to a deeper study of anti-poverty in Xinjiang.In this paper, the poor population in the rural areas of the 27 national poverty alleviation and development key counties in Xinjiang and the three autonomous region key counties in poverty alleviation and development (hereinafter referred to as the key counties) are taken as the breakthrough points.This paper measures the effect of financial development on poverty reduction from the angle of economics, conducts field investigation on key counties, and evaluates the direct and indirect effects of financial means in the process of anti-poverty by using panel data model.The results show that: financial development has a direct impact on poverty reduction: the balance of farmers' loans and the number of farmers receiving loans have a positive impact on the per capita net income of farmers.However, farmers' loans play a more important role in supporting farmers' anti-poverty work, while the number of farmers receiving loans is relatively weak; the indirect impact of financial development on poverty reduction: horizontally,Agricultural loans play a more significant role in reducing poverty than small-business loans.Vertically, the increase in rural GDP caused by small business loans is not significant.Then, this paper investigates and draws lessons from the financial anti-poverty practice at home and abroad.Finally, some policy suggestions to realize the financial anti-poverty effect in Xinjiang are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F224;F832.7;F323.8

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