本文關(guān)鍵詞： 土地財政 財政收入 融資平臺 金融創(chuàng)新　出處：《南京大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：我國房地產(chǎn)市場在進入二十一世紀后得到快速的發(fā)展,城市化進程隨之不斷加快。由于我國特殊的土地制度,農(nóng)村土地在成為建設(shè)用地前必須經(jīng)地方政府征收成為國有用地,所以地方政府在城市化不斷推進的過程中獲得了大量的土地出讓收益,加之與土地相關(guān)的直接稅和間接稅的征收以及土地相關(guān)收費,形成了地方政府的“土地財政”。“土地財政”為地方政府帶來了可觀的收益,為城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和公共服務(wù)提供了資金保證,但過度依賴于“土地財政”也會產(chǎn)生大量的社會問題。在此背景下,本文開辟全新的視角,從長三角的區(qū)域特點出發(fā),重點探討長三角地區(qū)地方政府財政對土地財政收入的依賴情況。本文先從規(guī)模度量入手,在數(shù)量依據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上,本文以財政機會主義為框架,分析了對“土地財政”過度依賴的原因。為對“土地財政”有更深入的認識,本文構(gòu)建土地市場與房地產(chǎn)市場的四個模型,并進行“土地財政”的相關(guān)實證分析,考察土地出讓金收入與房價的關(guān)系以及影響土地出讓金水平的多種因素。結(jié)合實證分析的結(jié)果,本文重點分析了對“土地財政”過度依賴的弊端,并引申出對地方政府融資創(chuàng)新的思考�，F(xiàn)階段地方政府的金融創(chuàng)新主要表現(xiàn)為融資平臺的搭建,但融資平臺在運行中亦表現(xiàn)出了大量的問題且現(xiàn)行平臺的運行實質(zhì)上和“土地財政”有著一定的關(guān)系。本文在厘清現(xiàn)存地方融資平臺的特點和問題的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了對地方政府金融創(chuàng)新的政策建議。 本文一共分為五個部分,第一部分為導論,介紹了研究的背景意義,進行了文獻綜述,并總結(jié)了本文的創(chuàng)新點與不足之處。第二部分對長三角地方財政收入對土地相關(guān)財政收入的依賴情況進行了度量并分析了“土地財政”產(chǎn)生的原因。第三部分研究了相關(guān)理論模型,并構(gòu)建了實證模型,在實證結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上重點分析了過度依賴“土地財政”的弊端。第四部分析地現(xiàn)行的地方金融創(chuàng)新主要模式,即融資平臺的運行特點和存在問題。第五部分提出為擺脫“土地財政”依賴一方面需要制度優(yōu)化,更重要的是要拓寬地方金融創(chuàng)新渠道,并列出了詳細的政策建議。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, the real estate market of our country has been developed rapidly, and the process of urbanization has been quickened. Because of the special land system of our country, the rural land must be expropriated into state-owned land by the local government before it becomes the land for construction. As a result, local governments have gained a lot of revenue from land transfers in the process of urbanization, coupled with the collection of direct and indirect taxes related to land and the collection of land-related charges. The "land finance", which has formed the local government's "land finance", has brought considerable benefits to the local governments and provided financial guarantees for the construction of urban infrastructure and public services. However, excessive reliance on "land finance" will also lead to a large number of social problems. In this context, this paper opens up a new perspective, starting from the regional characteristics of the Yangtze River Delta. This paper focuses on the dependence of local government finance on land revenue in the Yangtze River Delta region. This paper starts with the measurement of scale and takes fiscal opportunism as the framework on the basis of quantitative basis. This paper analyzes the causes of over-dependence on "land finance". In order to have a deeper understanding of "land finance", this paper constructs four models of land market and real estate market, and carries out empirical analysis of land finance. This paper examines the relationship between the income from land sales and house prices and the factors affecting the level of land transfer fees. Combined with the results of empirical analysis, this paper focuses on the disadvantages of excessive dependence on "land finance". At the present stage, the financial innovation of local government is mainly manifested in the construction of financing platform. However, there are a lot of problems in the operation of the financing platform, and the operation of the current platform has a certain relationship with the "land finance". This paper clarifies the characteristics and problems of the existing local financing platform. Put forward to the local government financial innovation policy recommendations. This paper is divided into five parts, the first part is an introduction, introduced the background significance of the study, carried out a literature review, The second part measures the dependence of local financial revenue on land related revenue and analyzes the causes of "land finance". The relevant theoretical models are studied. On the basis of the empirical results, the paper analyzes the disadvantages of over-reliance on land finance. 4th major models of local financial innovation are analyzed. That is, the operating characteristics and existing problems of the financing platform. Part 5th puts forward that in order to get rid of the "land finance" dependence, we need to optimize the system on the one hand, and more importantly, broaden the local financial innovation channels, and list the detailed policy recommendations.
【學位授予單位】：南京大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F812.7;F832.7;F301.2

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