本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于煤電企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的碳稅影響研究　出處：《東北電力大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：作為世界最大的碳排放國(guó),中國(guó)面臨迫切的減排要求。電力行業(yè)是經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要支柱,也是我國(guó)能源消耗大、污染排放量高的行業(yè)。研究表明,2014年發(fā)電行業(yè)碳排放占全國(guó)碳排放總量的4.1%,約144.26億噸,且呈現(xiàn)逐年遞增的趨勢(shì)。因此,開(kāi)展征收碳稅對(duì)煤電企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的影響研究具有極為重要的意義。本文主體分為五個(gè)部分。首先是文章的理論部分,主要包括碳稅與企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力兩方面的基本理論。其次,總結(jié)了我國(guó)煤電企業(yè)碳排放總量及趨勢(shì)的特點(diǎn),并構(gòu)建了煤電企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力指標(biāo)體系,對(duì)我國(guó)煤電企業(yè)目前的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力進(jìn)行了分析。然后,結(jié)合競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力中經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)境、技術(shù)三類(lèi)屬性指標(biāo),進(jìn)行碳稅對(duì)煤電企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的影響機(jī)理研究,并預(yù)期碳稅對(duì)產(chǎn)量、電價(jià)、CO2排放量、能源消耗量四個(gè)因素的影響。再次,建立碳稅的CGE模型,利用中國(guó)2010年投入產(chǎn)出延長(zhǎng)表、2011年中國(guó)統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒、2011年中國(guó)財(cái)政年鑒編制宏觀和微觀社會(huì)核算表。最后,借鑒國(guó)外碳稅征收的經(jīng)驗(yàn),模擬10-200元/噸之間的碳稅水平測(cè)算對(duì)煤電企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的影響。研究表明,征收碳稅將降低煤電企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,并且隨著碳稅強(qiáng)度的增長(zhǎng),影響幅度逐漸增大。在碳稅實(shí)施初期,碳稅強(qiáng)度較小,對(duì)煤電企業(yè)的沖擊力較小。但是,長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看,碳稅對(duì)煤電企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的綜合影響較大,碳稅所營(yíng)造的低能耗低排放的環(huán)保氛圍更適宜核電、水電企業(yè)的發(fā)展,當(dāng)碳稅達(dá)到200元每噸,煤電企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力下降7.04%。雖然征收碳稅能起到減排二氧化碳的作用,有利于煤電企業(yè)環(huán)境屬性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,但是燃料成本的增長(zhǎng)直接導(dǎo)致煤電企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力大幅下滑。
[Abstract]:As the world's largest country of carbon emissions, China facing urgent demands of emission reduction. The electric power industry is an important pillar of the economy, China's energy consumption, high pollution emissions of the industry. The study shows that the 2014 power industry carbon emissions accounted for 4.1% of the total carbon emissions, about 144.26 tons, and increasing year by year. Therefore, to carry out the impact of carbon tax on coal enterprise competitiveness has a very important significance. This paper is divided into five main parts. The first is the theoretical part of the article, mainly including basic physical two aspects of carbon tax and enterprise competitiveness theory. Secondly, summarizes the characteristics of China's coal enterprises and the trend of carbon emissions, and construct the evaluation index system of the competitiveness of coal enterprises of China coal enterprises present competitiveness was analyzed. Then, combined with the competitiveness of economy, environment, technology of three kinds of attribute index, the carbon tax on coal Research on the influence mechanism of electric enterprise competitiveness, and the expected price of carbon tax on yield, CO2 emissions, energy consumption of four factors. Thirdly, CGE model of carbon tax, using Chinese 2010 input output extension table, 2011 Chinese statistical yearbook, 2011 China finance Yearbook compiling macro and micro social accounting table finally, learn from foreign experience in carbon tax, simulation of the effects of 10-200 yuan / ton between the level estimates of carbon tax on coal enterprise competitiveness. The research results show that the carbon tax will reduce the competitiveness of coal enterprises, and with the strength of the carbon tax growth, influence the amplitude increases gradually. In the early implementation of the carbon tax, carbon tax intensity the coal enterprise, the impact is small. However, the long term, the comprehensive effect of carbon tax on coal enterprise competitiveness is larger, the carbon tax created by low energy consumption and low emissions of environmentally friendly atmosphere is more suitable for nuclear power, hydropower enterprises Development, when the carbon tax reaches 200 yuan per ton, the competitiveness of coal and electricity enterprises will be reduced by 7.04%.. Although carbon tax can play a role in reducing carbon dioxide emissions, it is conducive to the environmental competitiveness of coal and electricity enterprises, but the increase of fuel costs directly leads to a sharp decline in the competitiveness of coal and electricity enterprises.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F426.61;F812.42;X196

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