電刺激治療失禁的研究
[Abstract]:Incontinence is a common clinical functional disease. The average prevalence rate of incontinence is as high as 2%. The prevalence of incontinence is 7% in people over 60 years of age. It not only brings pain and inconvenience to patients, seriously affects their participation in normal social life and work, but also causes great losses to society. Rectal dysfunction, anal sphincter injury, or related nerve damage may lead to incontinence. Functional electrical stimulation therapy for incontinence is a treatment that inhibits incontinence by stimulating nerves or muscles and causing them to produce target movements. Compared with chemotherapy, thin femoral muscle in situ formation and implanted artificial anus, functional electrical stimulation has the characteristics of non-invasive infection, simple operation, easy repetition, good adaptability and high safety in the treatment of incontinence. According to the object of action, functional electrical stimulation is divided into sacral nerve electrical stimulation and muscle direct electrical stimulation. Direct electrical stimulation, which does not depend on the integrity of the nerve, has great potential for development because of its simple control and safe and reliable control. On the other hand, at present, there is no independent intellectual property right for incontinence treatment related functional electrical stimulation medical equipment, so safe and effective electrical stimulation method has important scientific research and clinical application value. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the feasibility of low frequency electrical stimulation directly acting on anal rectum angle to inhibit incontinence. As the basic research content of this subject, this paper firstly analyzes the function principle of anal rectum angle in human defecation control mechanism and the related mechanism of neuromuscular excitation modulation. And the electric field distribution of human muscle under the stimulation of external electrical signals; Then the finite element method is used to model the anal rectum angle, and the spatial distribution of the electric field in the tissue under the stimulation of three different shapes of electrodes is analyzed by means of COMSOL Multiphysics multi-physical field coupling analysis software. According to the theory of tissue electric field distribution, the criterion for evaluating the effect of rectum angle electrical stimulation was obtained, and the optimal design of rectal electrical stimulation electrode was discussed by analyzing and comparing the distribution of tissue electric field under three kinds of electrodes. The simulation results show that the electric field intensity of the ring electrode is higher than that of the ordinary electrode and the strip electrode in the rectum anal angle under the same electric stimulation of the three kinds of electrodes, and the simulation results show that the model has higher electric field intensity than the ordinary electrode and the strip electrode under the same electric stimulation. The stimulation intensity of the ribbon electrode is higher in a certain direction. The simulation results show that by changing the shape and position of the electrode, the efficiency of directional stimulation can be improved and the ability of anus and rectum angle to control defecation can be enhanced, thus providing theoretical guidance for the optimal design of electrical stimulation probe. In addition, this paper designs and installs a kind of electrical stimulator and passes the experiment verification.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:重慶理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號(hào)】:R246
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