【摘要】：當(dāng)今時(shí)代,知識(shí)和技術(shù)成為經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的主要推動(dòng)力。高技術(shù)企業(yè)作為典型的知識(shí)技術(shù)密集型企業(yè),可以說(shuō)擁有了高技術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì),就擁有了在國(guó)際上的主動(dòng)權(quán)。因此,各國(guó)紛紛把高技術(shù)企業(yè)作為戰(zhàn)略企業(yè),把高技術(shù)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)作為國(guó)際市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的重中之重,以期望提升國(guó)家綜合國(guó)力,支配國(guó)際格局。 作為一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家,發(fā)展高技術(shù)企業(yè)可以提升我國(guó)的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型,同時(shí)也可以增強(qiáng)我國(guó)的國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。我國(guó)一直注重高技術(shù)企業(yè)發(fā)展,培育了一批具有國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的企業(yè),比如中興、華為。在貿(mào)易全球化的背景下,國(guó)際發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略成為高技術(shù)企業(yè)的必然選擇。 隨著我國(guó)高技術(shù)企業(yè)迅速發(fā)展,出口的產(chǎn)品數(shù)量和出口國(guó)家日趨增多。作為世界超級(jí)大國(guó),美國(guó)是我國(guó)重要的貿(mào)易國(guó)家,出口到美國(guó)的高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品必然與美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)企業(yè)形成競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)企業(yè)為維護(hù)市場(chǎng),采用各種貿(mào)易措施,美國(guó)337調(diào)查就是眾多貿(mào)易壁壘之一。加入WTO后,我國(guó)頻繁企業(yè)頻繁被337調(diào)查,并且近幾年調(diào)查矛頭直指我國(guó)高技術(shù)企業(yè)。337調(diào)查以制裁措施嚴(yán)厲著稱,被裁定侵權(quán)后企業(yè)或者支付高昂的專利使用費(fèi),或者被排除美國(guó)市場(chǎng)之外。 美國(guó)針對(duì)我國(guó)高技術(shù)企業(yè)發(fā)起337調(diào)查,一方面說(shuō)明我國(guó)企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)有一定效果,由低端產(chǎn)品向高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品轉(zhuǎn)換,另一方面表明在包括美國(guó)在內(nèi)的國(guó)家間,高技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)更加激烈。[1]在實(shí)際應(yīng)對(duì)中,很多高技術(shù)企業(yè)由于不了解不重視337調(diào)查,勝訴的案件極少,并且有的企業(yè)選擇不應(yīng)訴,導(dǎo)致被排除美國(guó)市場(chǎng)。而美國(guó)是我國(guó)重要的出口市場(chǎng)。如果頻繁遭遇337調(diào)查,會(huì)阻礙我國(guó)高技術(shù)企業(yè)進(jìn)入美國(guó)市場(chǎng),進(jìn)而阻礙我國(guó)提升產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),遏制經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。因此,需要剖析美國(guó)337調(diào)查,探討應(yīng)對(duì)之策。 本文首先介紹了美國(guó)337調(diào)查和高技術(shù)企業(yè)的特點(diǎn),分析了高技術(shù)企業(yè)應(yīng)對(duì)美國(guó)337調(diào)查的戰(zhàn)略意義,總結(jié)了我國(guó)高技術(shù)企業(yè)遭遇337調(diào)查的現(xiàn)狀,并從外部和內(nèi)部?jī)煞矫娣治隽吮?37調(diào)查的原因,通過(guò)具體案例展示了我國(guó)高技術(shù)企業(yè)應(yīng)對(duì)337調(diào)查的過(guò)程,分析了成功的經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及失敗的教訓(xùn),在借鑒日本、臺(tái)灣應(yīng)對(duì)337調(diào)查的經(jīng)驗(yàn)上,從法律、行政管理、技術(shù)三個(gè)層面提出了我國(guó)高技術(shù)企業(yè)應(yīng)對(duì)337調(diào)查的對(duì)策建議。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, knowledge and technology become the main driving force of economic growth. As a typical knowledge-intensive enterprise, high-tech enterprises can be said to have the advantage of high-tech and have the initiative in the world. Therefore, many countries regard high-tech enterprises as strategic enterprises and high-tech competition as the most important part of international market competition in order to promote the comprehensive national strength and dominate the international pattern. As a developing country, the development of high-tech enterprises can promote China's industrial structure and economic transformation, but also enhance our international competitiveness. Our country has been focusing on the development of high-tech enterprises, cultivating a number of international competitive enterprises, such as ZTE, Huawei. Under the background of trade globalization, international development strategy has become an inevitable choice for high-tech enterprises. With the rapid development of high-tech enterprises in China, the number of products exported and the exporting countries are increasing day by day. As a world superpower, the United States is an important trading country in China, and the high-tech products exported to the United States are bound to compete with the domestic enterprises of the United States. In order to maintain the market, American enterprises adopt various trade measures. The 337 investigation is one of the many trade barriers. After joining the WTO, frequent enterprises in our country are frequently investigated by 337, and in recent years, investigations have been directed at high-tech enterprises in our country. The investigation is known for its severe sanctions, and enterprises may pay high royalties after being convicted of infringement. Or excluded from the U. S. market. The 337 investigation conducted by the United States against high-tech enterprises in China shows, on the one hand, that the transformation and upgrading of Chinese enterprises has certain effects, from low-end products to high-tech products; on the other hand, it shows that among countries, including the United States, The competition of intellectual property in high-tech field is more intense. [1] in practice, many high-tech enterprises do not attach importance to 337 investigation, and some enterprises choose not to respond to the lawsuit, leading to the exclusion of the American market. The United States is our important export market. If we encounter 337 investigations frequently, it will hinder our high-tech enterprises from entering the American market, and then hinder our country from upgrading the industrial structure and curbing the economic transformation and economic development. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the 337 investigation in the United States and discuss the countermeasures. This paper first introduces the characteristics of American 337 survey and high-tech enterprises, analyzes the strategic significance of high-tech enterprises to deal with US 337 survey, and summarizes the current situation of Chinese high-tech enterprises encountered with 337 survey. The paper also analyzes the causes of 337 investigation from external and internal aspects, demonstrates the process of responding to 337 investigation in China's high-tech enterprises through specific cases, analyzes the successful experiences and the lessons of failure, and draws lessons from Japan. From the experience of responding to 337 investigation in Taiwan, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for Chinese high-tech enterprises to deal with 337 investigation from the aspects of law, administration and technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F276.44;F273.1

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