美國對華貿(mào)易中的知識產(chǎn)權保護問題及對策
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-27 20:31
【摘要】：近年來，隨著科學技術的快速發(fā)展和知識經(jīng)濟的逐漸興起，與知識產(chǎn)權相關的國際貿(mào)易活動越來越頻繁，逐漸成為當前國際經(jīng)濟活動的熱點和主導。知識產(chǎn)權是法律賦予智力勞動創(chuàng)造者的一項財產(chǎn)專有權利，對其智力勞動成果進行保護。加強對知識產(chǎn)權的保護能夠調(diào)動智力勞動創(chuàng)造者進行科技研發(fā)和知識創(chuàng)新的積極性，提升產(chǎn)品的核心科技含量，使產(chǎn)品在國際市場競爭中占據(jù)優(yōu)勢地位，從而促進了企業(yè)乃至全社會的進步與發(fā)展。因此，大力鼓勵科技創(chuàng)新，建立完善知識產(chǎn)權保護制度，已在全球范圍內(nèi)達成了共識。 中國是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家，美國是世界上經(jīng)濟實力最雄厚，科技最發(fā)達的發(fā)達國家，中美之間的經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易，特別是與知識產(chǎn)權有關的貿(mào)易活動在國際貿(mào)易活動中最為突出，占據(jù)了舉足輕重的地位。中國人力資源豐富，生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品勞動力等成本比較低，，并且隨著中國科技力量和經(jīng)濟實力的不斷發(fā)展，產(chǎn)品中的核心科技含量也不斷增多，因此，中國生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品在美國市場相比于美國本土產(chǎn)品具有競爭優(yōu)勢，占據(jù)了很大的市場份額，中國對美國的貿(mào)易順差也有所擴大。美國認為，造成美國對華貿(mào)易逆差的原因是知識產(chǎn)權沒有受到應有的保護，因此，美國著手制定了一系列有關知識產(chǎn)權保護的法律條款和協(xié)定來保護本國的知識產(chǎn)權產(chǎn)業(yè)，并利用“337條款”對中國企業(yè)提起知識產(chǎn)權訴訟。適當而合理的知識產(chǎn)權保護有利于科學技術的研發(fā)創(chuàng)新和經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，但美國為了保護本國的相關產(chǎn)業(yè)，維持市場份額，而濫用知識產(chǎn)權保護制度，將知識產(chǎn)權保護當作一種貿(mào)易壁壘。這限制了中國產(chǎn)品的出口，阻礙了中國的出口貿(mào)易，對中國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展造成了危害。 本篇論文通過介紹知識產(chǎn)權保護的概念特征等基礎理論知識，加以經(jīng)濟學分析，同時介紹了美國對華知識產(chǎn)權貿(mào)易的現(xiàn)狀，結合以“思科訴華為案”進行闡述，綜上得出了我國應對美國對華貿(mào)易中知識產(chǎn)權保護問題的對策，即我國應鼓勵科技研發(fā)創(chuàng)新，建立健全知識產(chǎn)權保護制度，增強企業(yè)的自主創(chuàng)新能力，促進企業(yè)的發(fā)展，同時抵制美國對華的知識產(chǎn)權貿(mào)易壁壘，規(guī)范美國對中國的貿(mào)易活動，保障我國出口貿(mào)易的正常進行，使中美貿(mào)易活動健康發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology and the gradual rise of knowledge economy, the international trade activities related to intellectual property become more and more frequent, and gradually become the hot spot and leading of the current international economic activities. Intellectual property right is a property exclusive right which is endowed by law to intellectual labor creators to protect its intellectual labor achievements. Strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights can mobilize the initiative of intellectual labor creators in scientific and technological research and development and knowledge innovation, enhance the core scientific and technological content of products, and enable products to occupy an advantageous position in international market competition. Thus promoting the progress and development of the enterprise and even the whole society. Therefore, encouraging scientific and technological innovation and establishing and perfecting intellectual property protection system have reached a consensus worldwide. China is the largest developing country in the world. The United States is the most powerful developed country in the world with the most advanced technology. In particular, trade related to intellectual property rights is the most prominent in international trade activities, occupying a pivotal position. China is rich in human resources, the cost of producing products and labor is relatively low, and with the continuous development of China's scientific and technological power and economic strength, the core scientific and technological content of products is also increasing, so, Chinese products have a competitive advantage over domestic products in the United States market, occupying a large market share, and China's trade surplus with the United States has also expanded. The United States believes that the reason for the US trade deficit with China is that intellectual property rights are not properly protected. Therefore, the United States has started to formulate a series of legal provisions and agreements on intellectual property protection to protect its intellectual property industry. And using Section 337 to bring intellectual property litigation against Chinese enterprises. Proper and reasonable protection of intellectual property rights is conducive to scientific and technological research, innovation and economic development. However, in order to protect its related industries and maintain market share, the United States abused the intellectual property protection system. The protection of intellectual property rights as a trade barrier. This restricts the export of Chinese products, hinders China's export trade, and endangers China's economic development. Through introducing the basic theoretical knowledge of intellectual property protection and other basic theoretical knowledge, this paper analyzes the economics, introduces the current situation of American intellectual property trade with China, and expounds the case of Cisco v. Huawei. In summary, the countermeasures to protect intellectual property rights in US trade with China are put forward, that is, China should encourage R & D innovation in science and technology, establish and improve the system of intellectual property protection, enhance the independent innovation ability of enterprises, and promote the development of enterprises. At the same time, we should resist the trade barrier of intellectual property rights between the United States and China, standardize the trade activities between the United States and China, ensure the normal conduct of China's export trade, and make the trade activities between China and the United States develop healthily.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F757.12;F204
本文編號：2361954
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology and the gradual rise of knowledge economy, the international trade activities related to intellectual property become more and more frequent, and gradually become the hot spot and leading of the current international economic activities. Intellectual property right is a property exclusive right which is endowed by law to intellectual labor creators to protect its intellectual labor achievements. Strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights can mobilize the initiative of intellectual labor creators in scientific and technological research and development and knowledge innovation, enhance the core scientific and technological content of products, and enable products to occupy an advantageous position in international market competition. Thus promoting the progress and development of the enterprise and even the whole society. Therefore, encouraging scientific and technological innovation and establishing and perfecting intellectual property protection system have reached a consensus worldwide. China is the largest developing country in the world. The United States is the most powerful developed country in the world with the most advanced technology. In particular, trade related to intellectual property rights is the most prominent in international trade activities, occupying a pivotal position. China is rich in human resources, the cost of producing products and labor is relatively low, and with the continuous development of China's scientific and technological power and economic strength, the core scientific and technological content of products is also increasing, so, Chinese products have a competitive advantage over domestic products in the United States market, occupying a large market share, and China's trade surplus with the United States has also expanded. The United States believes that the reason for the US trade deficit with China is that intellectual property rights are not properly protected. Therefore, the United States has started to formulate a series of legal provisions and agreements on intellectual property protection to protect its intellectual property industry. And using Section 337 to bring intellectual property litigation against Chinese enterprises. Proper and reasonable protection of intellectual property rights is conducive to scientific and technological research, innovation and economic development. However, in order to protect its related industries and maintain market share, the United States abused the intellectual property protection system. The protection of intellectual property rights as a trade barrier. This restricts the export of Chinese products, hinders China's export trade, and endangers China's economic development. Through introducing the basic theoretical knowledge of intellectual property protection and other basic theoretical knowledge, this paper analyzes the economics, introduces the current situation of American intellectual property trade with China, and expounds the case of Cisco v. Huawei. In summary, the countermeasures to protect intellectual property rights in US trade with China are put forward, that is, China should encourage R & D innovation in science and technology, establish and improve the system of intellectual property protection, enhance the independent innovation ability of enterprises, and promote the development of enterprises. At the same time, we should resist the trade barrier of intellectual property rights between the United States and China, standardize the trade activities between the United States and China, ensure the normal conduct of China's export trade, and make the trade activities between China and the United States develop healthily.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F757.12;F204
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