中國(guó)信托登記制度研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-25 11:39
【摘要】：信托是一種財(cái)產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移及管理的法律制度設(shè)計(jì)。信托財(cái)產(chǎn)是信托的核心要素，整個(gè)信托法律關(guān)系就是圍繞信托財(cái)產(chǎn)的管理、運(yùn)用和處分而展開(kāi)的。2001年《信托法》頒行以來(lái)，信托登記制度一直未能確立，不利于信托財(cái)產(chǎn)的有效運(yùn)用和信托當(dāng)事人的權(quán)益保護(hù)，因此研究信托登記制度，對(duì)深化信托法學(xué)研究、推動(dòng)信托業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。 本文首先從近年來(lái)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和信托業(yè)發(fā)展的對(duì)比數(shù)據(jù)中看出我國(guó)信托業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)逆周期時(shí)期的良好表現(xiàn)以及作為我國(guó)第二大金融業(yè)態(tài)的地位的鞏固，但是在繁榮發(fā)展的同時(shí)，由于信托登記制度的缺失，信托資金被挪用，受益人的權(quán)益被侵害的事例時(shí)有發(fā)生，這就需要我們從源頭控制和隔離信托業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，盡快建立我國(guó)的信托登記制度。 第一部分研究信托登記制度的基本問(wèn)題，從信托登記的概念入手，介紹了信托登記的主體、信托登記的內(nèi)容和信托登記的客體，，并對(duì)信托登記客體雙重性作出界定，指出信托登記的客體是信托財(cái)產(chǎn)和信托法律關(guān)系的統(tǒng)一。最后從確保信托財(cái)產(chǎn)的獨(dú)立性、保護(hù)受益人的權(quán)利和保護(hù)交易安全三方面論述信托登記的積極功能。 第二部分對(duì)境外信托登記制度作了比較分析。分別從英美法系和大陸法系兩大法系背景下信托登記制度的特色進(jìn)行介紹，其中重點(diǎn)論述了日本和我國(guó)臺(tái)灣地區(qū)關(guān)于信托登記對(duì)抗主義與我國(guó)現(xiàn)行的信托登記生效主義的異同，并指出其替代登記生效主義的可行性。 第三部分圍繞我國(guó)信托登記制度的主要問(wèn)題及不利影響，從財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)分散登記的所涵蓋的部門(mén)說(shuō)起，說(shuō)明登記機(jī)關(guān)眾多，登記機(jī)構(gòu)分散對(duì)于在對(duì)應(yīng)的財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)之上設(shè)立信托所產(chǎn)生的重復(fù)登記、查詢(xún)不易的弊端；然后分析了上海信托登記中心在實(shí)踐中存在的問(wèn)題；最后剖析了登記制度不完善對(duì)于我國(guó)信托實(shí)踐的消極影響。 第四部分是建構(gòu)我國(guó)信托登記制度的具體建議。信托登記配套性立法是首先需要解決的問(wèn)題。本文從信托登記的統(tǒng)一立法模式與分散立法模式對(duì)比選擇中，提出信托登記統(tǒng)一立法模式的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和可行性；然后從不動(dòng)產(chǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)信托、應(yīng)登記動(dòng)產(chǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)信托和知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)信托三方面提出信托登記機(jī)構(gòu)的具體設(shè)立；最后從信托登記申請(qǐng)、信托登記的查詢(xún)和審查以及對(duì)信托登記機(jī)構(gòu)登記錯(cuò)誤情況下提出賠償責(zé)任等方面對(duì)信托登記制度作出具體的安排，提出自己的構(gòu)想。
[Abstract]:Trust is a kind of legal system design of property transfer and management. Trust property is the core element of trust. The whole legal relationship of trust is developed around the management, application and disposition of trust property. Since the promulgation of Trust Law in 2001, the trust registration system has not been established. It is not conducive to the effective use of trust property and the protection of the rights and interests of the trust parties. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the trust registration system in order to deepen the research on trust law and promote the sustainable development of the trust industry. This paper first shows from the comparative data of China's economic development and trust industry development in recent years that the good performance of China's trust industry in the counter-cyclical period and the consolidation of its position as the second largest financial form of our country, but at the same time of prosperity and development, Due to the lack of trust registration system, trust funds are misappropriated, and the rights and interests of beneficiaries are infringed from time to time, which requires us to control and isolate trust business risks from the source, and to establish our trust registration system as soon as possible. The first part studies the basic problems of the trust registration system, starts with the concept of the trust registration, introduces the subject of the trust registration, the content of the trust registration and the object of the trust registration, and defines the dual nature of the trust registration object. It is pointed out that the object of trust registration is the unity of trust property and trust legal relationship. Finally, the positive function of trust registration is discussed from three aspects: ensuring the independence of trust property, protecting beneficiary's rights and protecting transaction security. The second part makes a comparative analysis on the registration system of overseas trust. This paper introduces the characteristics of trust registration system under the background of Anglo-American law system and civil law system respectively. It focuses on discussing the similarities and differences between the antagonism of trust registration in Japan and Taiwan and the existing trust registration effective doctrine in China. It also points out the feasibility of the alternative registration effectivism. The third part focuses on the main problems and adverse effects of the trust registration system in China, starting with the departments covered by the decentralized registration of property rights, indicating that there are many registration authorities. Decentralized registration institutions for the establishment of trust on the corresponding property rights on the creation of duplicate registration, difficult to query the drawbacks; Then it analyzes the problems existing in the practice of Shanghai Trust Registration Center, and finally analyzes the negative impact of imperfect registration system on the practice of trust in our country. The fourth part is the concrete suggestion to construct our trust registration system. Trust registration supporting legislation is the first problem to be solved. This paper puts forward the advantages and feasibility of the unified legislative model of trust registration from the comparison and selection between the unified legislative model of trust registration and the decentralized legislative model. Then from the real estate property rights trust, should register the movable property right trust and the intellectual property trust three aspects proposed the trust registration institution concrete establishment; Finally, from the aspects of the application for registration of trust, the inquiry and examination of registration of trust, and the liability of the registration of trust in case of false registration, the author puts forward his own idea on the system of registration of trust.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.282
本文編號(hào)：2355965
[Abstract]:Trust is a kind of legal system design of property transfer and management. Trust property is the core element of trust. The whole legal relationship of trust is developed around the management, application and disposition of trust property. Since the promulgation of Trust Law in 2001, the trust registration system has not been established. It is not conducive to the effective use of trust property and the protection of the rights and interests of the trust parties. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the trust registration system in order to deepen the research on trust law and promote the sustainable development of the trust industry. This paper first shows from the comparative data of China's economic development and trust industry development in recent years that the good performance of China's trust industry in the counter-cyclical period and the consolidation of its position as the second largest financial form of our country, but at the same time of prosperity and development, Due to the lack of trust registration system, trust funds are misappropriated, and the rights and interests of beneficiaries are infringed from time to time, which requires us to control and isolate trust business risks from the source, and to establish our trust registration system as soon as possible. The first part studies the basic problems of the trust registration system, starts with the concept of the trust registration, introduces the subject of the trust registration, the content of the trust registration and the object of the trust registration, and defines the dual nature of the trust registration object. It is pointed out that the object of trust registration is the unity of trust property and trust legal relationship. Finally, the positive function of trust registration is discussed from three aspects: ensuring the independence of trust property, protecting beneficiary's rights and protecting transaction security. The second part makes a comparative analysis on the registration system of overseas trust. This paper introduces the characteristics of trust registration system under the background of Anglo-American law system and civil law system respectively. It focuses on discussing the similarities and differences between the antagonism of trust registration in Japan and Taiwan and the existing trust registration effective doctrine in China. It also points out the feasibility of the alternative registration effectivism. The third part focuses on the main problems and adverse effects of the trust registration system in China, starting with the departments covered by the decentralized registration of property rights, indicating that there are many registration authorities. Decentralized registration institutions for the establishment of trust on the corresponding property rights on the creation of duplicate registration, difficult to query the drawbacks; Then it analyzes the problems existing in the practice of Shanghai Trust Registration Center, and finally analyzes the negative impact of imperfect registration system on the practice of trust in our country. The fourth part is the concrete suggestion to construct our trust registration system. Trust registration supporting legislation is the first problem to be solved. This paper puts forward the advantages and feasibility of the unified legislative model of trust registration from the comparison and selection between the unified legislative model of trust registration and the decentralized legislative model. Then from the real estate property rights trust, should register the movable property right trust and the intellectual property trust three aspects proposed the trust registration institution concrete establishment; Finally, from the aspects of the application for registration of trust, the inquiry and examination of registration of trust, and the liability of the registration of trust in case of false registration, the author puts forward his own idea on the system of registration of trust.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.282
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