【摘要】：在強調基本權利防御權功能的邏輯下,傳統(tǒng)進路以規(guī)范形成為起點,為警察用槍構筑起以程序、條件和情形為主要內容的規(guī)范體系,并承認嚴密的司法審查可對警察用槍行為作出"正確"評價,借此實現合法律性的控制。然而,既有規(guī)范并未重視時間和危險的壓力情境下警察用槍的真實狀態(tài),缺乏合理的類型化梳理,加之警察用槍話語之中包含了政策調整和"輿論審查"的影響,使規(guī)范與實踐之間的張力日益凸顯,用槍的正當性標準亦難以統(tǒng)一。若對警察用槍過程仔細考察,這一獨特的"執(zhí)行過程"并非一般的行政過程可以覆蓋,"電車難題"、風險防控與情境決策等當代議題則有助于理解其獨特性�；诖�,或可對警察用槍過程采取"情境化"構造,以情境(客觀)合理性為標準為警察提供合適的規(guī)范指引,借此實現對合法律性的功能彌補,修正既有規(guī)范的局限。
[Abstract]:Under the logic of emphasizing the function of the defense right of basic rights, the traditional approach takes the normative formation as the starting point, constructs the normative system with the procedure, condition and situation as the main content for the police to use the gun, and acknowledges that the strict judicial review can make the "correct" evaluation of the police's gun behavior, so as to realize the control in accordance with the law. However, the existing norms do not pay attention to the real state of the police gun under the pressure of time and danger, and lack of reasonable typed combing. In addition, the police gun discourse contains the influence of policy adjustment and "public opinion review", which makes the tension between the norm and the practice increasingly prominent, and the legitimacy standard of the gun is difficult to unify. If the police gun process is carefully investigated, this unique "execution process" can not be covered by the general administrative process, "tram problems", risk prevention and control and situational decision-making and other contemporary issues are helpful to understand its uniqueness. Based on this, it may be possible to adopt the structure of "situational" in the process of police gun use, and to provide appropriate normative guidance for the police according to the standard of emotional (objective) rationality, so as to make up for the function of concordance with the law and correct the existing norms.
【作者單位】： 上海市公安局;中國人民公安大學國家生態(tài)安全法治研究中心;中國人民公安大學法學院;
【基金】：中國法學會2014年度部級法學研究課題“反恐反暴形勢下規(guī)范警察用槍問題研究”(CLS[2014]D028)的階段性成果
【分類號】：D922.14
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本文編號：2505682