【摘要】：近年來,隨著人類對地球環(huán)境的破壞,地球氣候發(fā)生了極大改變,極端惡劣天氣逐漸增加,造成自然災害頻發(fā)。因此,自然災害在行政方面的救助越來越受到世界各國政府的重視,我國也不例外。我國目前現(xiàn)行相關(guān)自然災害救助規(guī)定還十分疏漏,與法治國家、法治政府、法治社會的全面推進極不合拍,亟待完善。首先,所謂自然災害行政救助是指有相關(guān)法律規(guī)定職責的行政主體根據(jù)相關(guān)法律規(guī)定對遭受自然災害及其威脅下的群眾按照法定程序進行物質(zhì)及精神救助并保證受災群眾最低生活標準的行政行為。其特征包括法定性、積極性、靈活性、緊急性、復雜性,其完善對我國重視人權(quán)、建設(shè)服務型政府、打造法治政府、貫徹依法治國建設(shè)和諧社會具有重要價值。其次,現(xiàn)行制度中存在的問題包括救助主體職權(quán)不明確,救助標準不明確,缺乏精神方面的救助,災害救助監(jiān)督不健全,救濟制度上存在行政主體消極怠工等不完善現(xiàn)象。最后,完善自然災害行政救助法律制度的建議,包括明確災害救助主體職權(quán),明確救助標準并增加精神救助,完善災害救助的監(jiān)督,完善救濟制度。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the destruction of the earth's environment by human beings, the earth's climate has changed greatly, and the extreme bad weather has gradually increased, leading to the frequent occurrence of natural disasters. Therefore, the administrative relief of natural disasters has been paid more and more attention by governments all over the world, and China is no exception. At present, the existing provisions of natural disaster relief in our country are not in accord with the comprehensive promotion of the country ruled by law, the government ruled by law, and the society ruled by law, which need to be improved urgently. First, The so-called natural disaster administrative assistance refers to the administrative subject who has the responsibility stipulated by the relevant laws to carry out material and spiritual assistance to the people under the natural disaster and its threat in accordance with the legal procedure and to ensure the affected group according to the relevant legal provisions. The administrative act of the public minimum standard of living. Its characteristics include legalization, enthusiasm, flexibility, urgency and complexity. Its perfection is of great value for China to attach importance to human rights, to build a service-oriented government, to build a government ruled by law, and to carry out the rule of law to build a harmonious society. Secondly, the problems existing in the current system include the unclear functions and powers of the main relief body, the unclear rescue standards, the lack of spiritual relief, the imperfect supervision of disaster relief, and the existence of the administrative main body in the relief system, such as passive work and other imperfect phenomena. Finally, some suggestions on how to improve the legal system of administrative relief of natural disasters are put forward, including clarifying the main body of disaster relief, clarifying the standard of relief and increasing spiritual relief, perfecting the supervision of disaster relief, and perfecting the relief system.
【學位授予單位】：廣西民族大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.1

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