【摘要】：血液是人類的生命之本,輸血導致病毒感染威脅著人們的生命安全,但是我國法律對于輸血感染醫(yī)療損害賠償并沒有做出統(tǒng)一明確的規(guī)定。因此,本文從理論上對輸血導致病毒感染的醫(yī)療損害賠償進行探討,以期完善相關(guān)法律制度。 本文以輸血導致病毒感染引起的醫(yī)療損害賠償為研究對象,通過層層深入分析,從輸血感染損害賠償?shù)暮x、特征和原則,到賠償數(shù)額的具體確定,再到對賠償制度的反思及完善,一步步闡述了輸血感染醫(yī)療侵權(quán)損害賠償理論,也正是根據(jù)這樣的行文主線將本文分為三大部分。 第一部分是有關(guān)輸血感染損害賠償?shù)母攀�。概述介紹了三個方面,一是明晰了輸血感染損害賠償?shù)暮x；二是立足輸血感染病毒造成人身損害的醫(yī)療現(xiàn)狀,在大量搜集該類損害賠償案例的基礎(chǔ)上,歸納出輸血感染損害賠償具有賠償數(shù)額大、賠償周期長和賠償中包含精神損害賠償三個特點；三是根據(jù)賠償具有的特點總結(jié)出賠償時應遵循全面賠償、繼續(xù)賠償、合理賠償和過失相抵的原則,以公平準確地確定賠償數(shù)額。 第二部分是有關(guān)輸血感染損害賠償?shù)拇_定,是本文的主體。該部分在賠償原則的指導下,進一步闡述應該由誰來賠、賠哪些、賠多少、怎么賠等問題。首先,關(guān)于賠償主體方面,賠償權(quán)利主體應包括受害患者、由該患者承擔撫養(yǎng)義務(wù)的被扶養(yǎng)人和死亡患者的近親屬,賠償義務(wù)主體為生產(chǎn)不合格血液樣本的血站和銷售該不合格血液的醫(yī)院。其次,關(guān)于賠償范圍方面,因輸血感染罹患的疾病侵害了患者的健康權(quán)和生命權(quán),導致患者不僅在身體上飽受病痛折磨之苦,而且精神上還要承受巨大的壓力,由此給患者帶來的財產(chǎn)性損失和精神損害都需要賠償。再次,關(guān)于賠償數(shù)額的具體計算方面,應根據(jù)《最高人民法院關(guān)于審理人身損害賠償案件適用法律若干問題的解釋》的相關(guān)規(guī)定來分別計算輸血感染損害賠償涉及的十一種賠償項目,同時還要綜合考量損害結(jié)果的嚴重程度、原患疾病參與度與患者個體差異之間的關(guān)系、醫(yī)療科學水平及風險三個因素來確定最終的賠償總額。最后,關(guān)于損害賠償金的支付,應采用一次性給付和定期金賠償相結(jié)合的方式,根據(jù)賠償項目的不同采用相應合理的損害賠償金支付方式。 第三部分是針對《侵權(quán)責任法》下輸血感染損害賠償制度存在的問題進行反思,并提出出臺相應的司法解釋確定醫(yī)療機構(gòu)的賠償責任和建立輸血強制保險制度和輸血風險補償基金的完善建議,以期為輸血導致病毒感染的醫(yī)療侵權(quán)賠償理論系統(tǒng)化貢獻綿薄之力。
[Abstract]:Blood is the basis of human life, blood transfusion causes virus infection to threaten people's life safety, but the law of our country does not make a unified and clear stipulation for medical damage compensation of transfusion infection. Therefore, this paper theoretically discusses the medical damage compensation caused by transfusion virus infection in order to perfect the relevant legal system. This article takes the medical damage compensation caused by transfusion virus infection as the research object, through layer by layer in-depth analysis, from the meaning, characteristics and principles of blood transfusion infection damage compensation, to the specific determination of the amount of compensation. Then to reflect on the compensation system and improve, step by step elaborated on the theory of medical tort compensation for blood transfusion infection, which is based on the main line of this article is divided into three parts. The first part is about the blood transfusion infection damage compensation summary. This paper introduces three aspects: one is to clarify the meaning of blood transfusion infection damage compensation; Second, based on the medical status quo of personal injury caused by transfusion infection virus, on the basis of collecting a large number of cases of compensation for such damage, it is concluded that the compensation for blood transfusion infection damage has a large amount of compensation. Long period of compensation and compensation includes three characteristics of compensation for mental damage; Thirdly, according to the characteristics of compensation, we should follow the principles of comprehensive compensation, continuous compensation, reasonable compensation and offset of negligence, so as to determine the amount of compensation fairly and accurately. The second part is about the determination of blood transfusion infection damage compensation, is the main body of this paper. Under the guidance of the principle of compensation, this part further expounds who should compensate, what to compensate, how to compensate and so on. First of all, with regard to the subject of compensation, the subject of the right to compensation should include the injured patient, the dependant who is responsible for the maintenance of the patient and the close relatives of the deceased patient. The main body of compensatory obligation is the blood station that produces the unqualified blood sample and the hospital that sells the unqualified blood. Secondly, with regard to the scope of compensation, the disease caused by transfusion infection infringes upon the patients' right to health and right to life, resulting in patients not only suffering from physical suffering, but also suffering from tremendous mental pressure. The property loss and mental damage caused by it need to be compensated. Thirdly, with regard to the specific calculation of the amount of compensation, In accordance with the relevant provisions of the Supreme people's Court on the interpretation of certain issues applicable to the Law applicable to the trial of cases of compensation for personal injury, the 11 kinds of compensation items involved in the compensation for blood transfusion infection should be calculated separately. At the same time, we should consider the severity of the damage result, the relationship between the participation degree of the original disease and the individual difference of the patient, the level of medical science and the risk to determine the final compensation amount. Finally, as for the payment of damages, we should adopt the combination of one-time payment and periodic compensation, and adopt the corresponding reasonable payment method according to the different items of compensation. The third part is to reflect on the problems existing in the system of compensation for blood transfusion infection damage under the Tort liability Law. And put forward the corresponding judicial interpretation to determine the liability of medical institutions and the establishment of a blood transfusion compulsory insurance system and blood transfusion risk compensation fund to improve the proposal. The aim is to contribute a little to the theory of medical tort compensation caused by transfusion virus infection.
【學位授予單位】：大連海事大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.16;D923

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