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美國(guó)地方氣候變化立法及其啟示

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-03-10 03:29

  本文選題:氣候變化 切入點(diǎn):聯(lián)邦立法 出處:《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版)》2017年01期  論文類型:期刊論文


【摘要】:美國(guó)環(huán)境治理的傳統(tǒng)是"環(huán)境合作聯(lián)邦主義",聯(lián)邦政府負(fù)責(zé)國(guó)家環(huán)境法的制定,地方政府負(fù)責(zé)國(guó)家環(huán)境法的實(shí)施。但是,在氣候變化的應(yīng)對(duì)過程中,在聯(lián)邦氣候變化立法毫無建樹的情況下,地方政府卻成為氣候變化法的重要制定者。從經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)角度來看,地方推動(dòng)氣候變化立法并非明智之舉,因?yàn)榈胤秸疅o力解決氣候變化這種"超級(jí)難題"。但是,從地方氣候變化立法的實(shí)踐來看,它基于道德理性、政治理性和經(jīng)濟(jì)理性之上,是"競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性聯(lián)邦主義"的"民主實(shí)驗(yàn)"。
[Abstract]:The tradition of environmental governance in the United States is "federalism in environmental cooperation." the federal government is responsible for the development of national environmental laws, and local governments are responsible for the implementation of national environmental laws. In the absence of federal climate change legislation, local governments have become important makers of climate change laws. From an economic point of view, it is not wise for local governments to promote climate change legislation. Because local governments are unable to solve the "super difficult problem" of climate change. However, from the practice of local climate change legislation, it is based on moral, political and economic rationality and is a "democratic experiment" of "competitive federalism".
【作者單位】: 上海海事大學(xué)法學(xué)院;
【基金】:上海市浦江人才計(jì)劃資助(14PJC059)
【分類號(hào)】:D971.2;DD912.6

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