本文選題：脅從犯 + 廢除　； 參考：《南昌大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：脅從犯作為我國獨(dú)具特色的共犯人種類之一,它的存廢問題長期以來都是共同犯罪理論中繞不開的話題。它具備“被脅迫參加犯罪的”和“在共同犯罪中所起作用較小”這兩大特征。我國當(dāng)初規(guī)定脅從犯既深受傳統(tǒng)法律觀念的影響,也遵循了我國當(dāng)時歷史背景下的刑事政策。但以此同時也暴露出了諸多的弊端,例如脅從犯規(guī)定在邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)上是不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)?容易造成法秩序和刑法體系的失衡,缺乏一定的歷史依據(jù)和處罰依據(jù),有悖于刑事政策和刑法謙抑性原則的貫徹,同時給司法工作帶來許多困境等等。我國刑法對“被脅迫參加犯罪”的脅從犯均予以刑法評價,應(yīng)受到法律懲罰。而在英美法系國家,被脅迫行為作為合法辯護(hù)事由處理,大陸法系國家則將被脅迫行為以緊急避險或無期待可能性而予以免責(zé)處理。這些立法規(guī)定給我國的相關(guān)立法帶來了一定的啟示,包括充分考慮人性,被脅迫行為在緊急避險中的認(rèn)定,期待可能性理論的運(yùn)用等等。通過這些分析對比,最終得出廢除脅從犯的結(jié)論,對于被脅迫參加犯罪的,當(dāng)所保護(hù)的法益大于侵害的法益,可以緊急避險處理;當(dāng)所保護(hù)的法益等于或小于侵害的法益,可以從犯處理,但參加危害國家安全、恐怖活動等特殊犯罪的不得免除處罰。
[Abstract]:As one of the kinds of accomplices in our country, the problem of subjugation has been an inextricable topic in the theory of joint crime for a long time.It has the characteristics of "being coerced to participate in a crime" and "playing a minor role in a joint crime".The first stipulation of coerced offender in our country was deeply influenced by the traditional legal concept and followed the criminal policy under the historical background of our country at that time.But at the same time, it also exposed many disadvantages. For example, the stipulation of coerced offender is not strict in logic structure, it is easy to cause the imbalance between law order and criminal law system, and it lacks certain historical basis and punishment basis.It runs counter to the implementation of criminal policy and the principle of modesty of criminal law, and brings many difficulties to the judicial work at the same time.China's criminal law evaluates the coerced accomplices and should be punished by law.In Anglo-American law countries, coerced acts are treated as legal defense, while civil law countries are exempted from liability for urgent risk avoidance or unanticipated possibility.These legislative provisions have brought some enlightenment to the relevant legislation of our country, including the consideration of human nature, the determination of coerced behavior in emergency avoidance, the application of the theory of expectation possibility, and so on.Through these analyses and comparisons, the conclusion of abolishing the accomplice of coercion is drawn. For those who are coerced to participate in a crime, the legal interests protected are greater than those of the infringements, and the legal interests protected are equal to or less than those of the infringements.Accessory may be dealt with, provided that participation in special crimes such as endangering state security and terrorist activities may not be exempted from punishment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D924.1

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