本文關(guān)鍵詞： 瀆職犯罪 因果關(guān)系 認(rèn)定　出處：《南京師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：瀆職侵權(quán)犯罪是我們國(guó)家刑法分則規(guī)定懲治國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)工作人員腐敗的一類非常重要的犯罪,其因果關(guān)系的正確認(rèn)定對(duì)于解決刑事責(zé)任問(wèn)題具有重要的意義。如何認(rèn)定瀆職行為與所發(fā)生的危害結(jié)果之間存在引起與被引起的關(guān)系,是司法實(shí)踐中的一大難題。一般犯罪因果關(guān)系的認(rèn)定理論有著諸多學(xué)說(shuō)觀點(diǎn),相對(duì)于因果關(guān)系的一般性特征,瀆職犯罪因果關(guān)系的特征又有著自身的特殊性和不同點(diǎn),同時(shí)瀆職行為往往隱藏在嚴(yán)重后果背后,不是引起危害結(jié)果的直接原因,要在錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的事實(shí)中甄別瀆職行為與危害結(jié)果之間的因果關(guān)系,是司法實(shí)踐中認(rèn)定瀆職罪有爭(zhēng)議的難點(diǎn),正確分析瀆職犯罪的因果關(guān)系是我們必須面對(duì)和解決的課題。本文從分析瀆職犯罪因果關(guān)系相關(guān)基本理論入手,并結(jié)合查辦的案件對(duì)比各種因果關(guān)系認(rèn)定理論,最終在瀆職犯罪因果關(guān)系認(rèn)定上選擇以條件說(shuō)為基礎(chǔ),并借鑒英美法系的雙層次因果關(guān)系說(shuō)認(rèn)定。全文共分為四個(gè)部分：第一部分是瀆職犯罪的因果關(guān)系的概述,闡明瀆職罪和瀆職犯罪因果關(guān)系的概念、特征以及種類。第二部分主要是探討如何認(rèn)定瀆職犯罪的因果關(guān)系,首先理清刑法因果關(guān)系的一般理論,重點(diǎn)對(duì)大陸法系所存在的條件說(shuō)、原因說(shuō)、相當(dāng)因果關(guān)系說(shuō)和英美法系的“雙層次因果關(guān)系說(shuō)”,以及我國(guó)的必然偶然因果關(guān)系理論進(jìn)行辨析,并對(duì)幾種主要理論在刑法實(shí)務(wù)中的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)比。通過(guò)對(duì)幾種理論對(duì)比分析結(jié)合實(shí)務(wù)過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題,找出運(yùn)用“條件說(shuō)”對(duì)瀆職犯罪因果關(guān)系進(jìn)行認(rèn)定的理由,以及運(yùn)用“雙層次因果關(guān)系說(shuō)”的優(yōu)勢(shì),確立以條件說(shuō)和“雙層次因果關(guān)系說(shuō)”以及充分考慮瀆職犯罪危害后果的介入因素的認(rèn)定模式。第三部分介紹了瀆職犯罪因果關(guān)系的司法實(shí)踐中認(rèn)定的理論依據(jù)和表現(xiàn)形式;第四部分分析認(rèn)定瀆職犯罪因果關(guān)系應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題,通過(guò)從瀆職犯罪人員、部門、因果聯(lián)系、造成的危害結(jié)果以及瀆職行為和危害的邏輯關(guān)系的認(rèn)定五個(gè)角度來(lái)闡述瀆職犯罪因果關(guān)系時(shí)應(yīng)該注意的問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:The crime of malfeasance and tort is a very important crime of punishing corruption of state officials in the special provisions of our state criminal law. How to determine the relationship between malfeasance and the harmful result is of great significance to solve the problem of criminal responsibility. It is a difficult problem in judicial practice. The theory of identifying causality of general crime has many theoretical viewpoints. Compared with the general characteristics of causality, the characteristic of causality of dereliction of duty crime has its own particularity and difference. At the same time, malfeasance is often hidden behind serious consequences and is not the direct cause of harmful results. The causality between malfeasance and harmful results should be identified in complex facts. It is a difficult point in judicial practice to identify the crime of dereliction of duty. The correct analysis of causality of dereliction of duty is a subject that we must face and solve. This paper begins with the basic theory of causality of dereliction of duty. Combining with the investigation and handling of cases, comparing various theories of causality, and finally choosing the theory of condition as the basis for the determination of causality in dereliction of duty crime, The thesis is divided into four parts: the first part is an overview of the causality of dereliction of duty, expounding the concept of causality between dereliction of duty and malfeasance. The second part mainly discusses how to identify the causality of dereliction of duty. Firstly, it clarifies the general theory of causality in criminal law, focusing on the condition theory and reason theory of civil law system. The theory of equivalent causality, the theory of "double secondary causality" in Anglo-American law system, and the theory of inevitable accidental causation in our country are analyzed. This paper also briefly evaluates and compares the application of several main theories in the practice of criminal law. Through the comparative analysis of several theories and the problems in the process of practice, the author finds out the reasons for using the "condition theory" to identify the causality of dereliction of duty crime. And the advantage of using the "two-tier causality theory", To establish the identification mode of condition theory and double level causality theory, and to consider the harmful factors of malfeasance crime. The third part introduces the theoretical basis and manifestation of the judicial practice of causality of dereliction of duty crime. Part 4th analyzes the problems that should be paid attention to in determining the causality of dereliction of duty, through the link of causality from the personnel, the department and the cause and effect of malfeasance. The harm result caused and the logical relationship between malfeasance and harm are discussed from five angles: causality of dereliction of duty crime should be paid attention to.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：D924.3

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