本文選題：污點(diǎn)證人 + 作證豁免　； 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免制度的運(yùn)行目的是為了在強(qiáng)制作證義務(wù)和反對(duì)強(qiáng)迫自證其罪之間實(shí)現(xiàn)平衡,在保護(hù)污點(diǎn)證人的同時(shí)積極利用污點(diǎn)證人提供的線索和證言,以更好地打擊某些犯罪尤其是有組織犯罪。2012年《刑事訴訟法》的修訂進(jìn)一步確立了人權(quán)保障的價(jià)值目標(biāo),確立了反對(duì)強(qiáng)迫自證其罪、證人保護(hù)等法律規(guī)則,唯獨(dú)缺乏對(duì)污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免的規(guī)定,使現(xiàn)行《刑事訴訟法》中的打擊犯罪和保護(hù)人權(quán)之間存在一定程度上的失衡�；谶@一現(xiàn)狀,本文對(duì)污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免展開(kāi)研究,辨析污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免中的各種理論爭(zhēng)議,比較其他國(guó)家和地區(qū)在污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免中的立法成就和得失,并結(jié)合我國(guó)刑事司法實(shí)踐中的實(shí)際需求,對(duì)污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免制度的確立提出一些初步的建議。在此基本上,本文的研究主要分為如下三個(gè)部分,全文共約2萬(wàn)字:第一部分是我國(guó)污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免的實(shí)證考察。本部分主要從實(shí)證研究的角度,對(duì)我國(guó)刑事立法和刑事司法實(shí)踐中的污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免問(wèn)題展開(kāi)考察,并通過(guò)案例的類型化總結(jié)、實(shí)證訪談等方式,得出我國(guó)立法上并無(wú)污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免制度,但是刑事司法實(shí)踐中存在類似于污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免的做法,如共犯、有組織犯罪中的自首和立功、行賄者主動(dòng)交代行賄行為等。第二部分國(guó)外污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免制度的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。該部分從比較研究的視角介紹并對(duì)比了其他國(guó)家污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免制度,得出域外污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免模式各異、程序有別,但價(jià)值趨同的結(jié)論。所謂價(jià)值趨同,是指域外污點(diǎn)證人豁免制度都旨在保護(hù)人權(quán)、打擊犯罪,其實(shí)質(zhì)都是為了調(diào)和打擊犯罪和反對(duì)強(qiáng)迫自證其罪之間的矛盾;所謂模式各異,是指存在否定污點(diǎn)證人作證內(nèi)容的使用和立法上直接減免其罪行兩種模式;所謂程序有別,是指有的國(guó)家明確規(guī)定了檢察官擁有決定權(quán),有的國(guó)家則認(rèn)為檢察官擬進(jìn)行作證豁免的行為應(yīng)得到法官的允許。第三部分我國(guó)污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免制度的引入。本部分對(duì)污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免制度的確立提出了一些觀點(diǎn),建議將污點(diǎn)證人作證豁免置于《刑事訴訟法》第五章證據(jù)部分,檢察機(jī)關(guān)在污點(diǎn)證人作證中占居主導(dǎo)地位,人民法院則享有最終的決定權(quán);以現(xiàn)行不起訴制度為依托,充分利用現(xiàn)有的立法資源,避免立法體系上的失衡。同時(shí),立法上不宜直接采用“污點(diǎn)證人”這樣的表述,以免引起歧義和誤解。
[Abstract]:The purpose of the exemption system for tainted witnesses is to strike a balance between the compulsory duty to testify and the crime of opposing forced self-incrimination, and to make active use of clues and testimonies provided by tainted witnesses while protecting tainted witnesses. In order to better combat certain crimes, in particular organized crime. The 2012 revision of the Criminal procedure Code further established the value objective of human rights guarantees and established legal rules against forced self-incrimination, witness protection, etc., However, the lack of immunity to the tainted witness makes the balance between the fight against crime and the protection of human rights in the current Criminal procedure Law exist to a certain extent. Based on this situation, this paper studies the immunity of tainted witness, analyzes the various theoretical disputes in the exemption of tainted witness, and compares the legislative achievements and gains and losses of other countries and regions in the exemption of tainted witness. Combined with the actual demand in our country's criminal judicial practice, some preliminary suggestions are put forward on the establishment of the exemption system of tainted witness testifying. Basically, the research of this paper is divided into the following three parts: the first part is the empirical investigation of the exemption of tainted witnesses. This part mainly from the perspective of empirical research, to our criminal legislation and criminal justice practice in the issue of immunity of tainted witnesses, and through the classification of cases summary, empirical interviews and other ways. It is concluded that there is no tainted witness immunity system in our country's legislation, but in criminal judicial practice, there are some similar practices, such as accomplice, voluntary surrender and meritorious service in organized crime, active confession of bribery behavior and so on. The second part is the practical experience of the exemption system of tainted witness in foreign countries. This part introduces and compares the exemption system of tainted witness in other countries from the perspective of comparative study, and draws the conclusion that the exemption mode and procedure are different, but the value is convergent. The so-called convergence of values means that the extraterritorial system of immunity of witnesses is aimed at the protection of human rights and the fight against crime, the essence of which is to reconcile the contradiction between the fight against crime and the fight against forced self-incrimination; the so-called patterns vary, It refers to the existence of two modes: the use of the content of the negative stain witness's testimony and the direct remission of the crime in the legislation; the so-called procedural difference refers to the fact that some countries explicitly stipulate that the prosecutor has the right to decide. Others were of the view that the Prosecutor's intention to conduct immunity from testimony should be permitted by the judge. The third part introduces the exemption system of tainted witness. This part puts forward some views on the establishment of the exemption system for tainted witnesses, and suggests that the exemption of tainted witnesses should be placed in the evidence part of Chapter V of the Criminal procedure Law, and that the procuratorial organs occupy a dominant position in the testimony of tainted witnesses. On the other hand, the people's court has the final right to make the decision, to make full use of the existing legislative resources and to avoid the imbalance in the legislative system on the basis of the current system of non-prosecution. At the same time, legislation should not directly use the expression "stain witness" to avoid ambiguity and misunderstanding.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D925.2

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