代位訴訟研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-14 05:46
【摘要】： 代位權是大陸法系國家民事實體法中的概念，，我國一直到1999年實施的合同法才規(guī)定了代位權制度，因為其規(guī)定在合同法之中，因此也被認為是一種實體法上的權利。而根據我國法律的規(guī)定，實體法上的代位權只能以訴訟方式進行，因此可以說，代位訴訟是隨著我國合同法的完善而出現(xiàn)的一種新型訴訟方式。合同法對債權人代位訴訟權的規(guī)定，突出了對債權人的保護，具有重大積極的意義。然而，任何實體法的條文總表現(xiàn)為一般的規(guī)范命題，其具體內容必須通過一個個具體案件的處理才能顯示出來。換言之，實體法的內容往往并非事先被預定了的不變的價值，而必須通過訴訟程序的進行在一般規(guī)范命題框架內逐漸形成。而代位權制度的內在價值同樣必須通過訴訟程序即代位訴訟來實現(xiàn)與展開。但由于長期以來的“重實體，輕程序”的錯誤思想，我國民法在總體上忽視程序機制，將訴訟程序統(tǒng)統(tǒng)交給民事訴訟法去規(guī)定，切斷了民法與民事訴訟法內在的有機聯(lián)系。令人遺憾的是，《合同法》關于代位權的規(guī)定再次忽視了實現(xiàn)代位權的程序機制——代位訴訟，而事實上代位權的行使過程中問題最多的就是在程序方面。代位訴訟作為一種新型的訴訟類型，必然是過去實務中沒有遭遇過的，對代位訴訟制度的研究不僅可以促進實體法的順利實行，同時，也是對我國民事訴訟理論的補充和發(fā)展。 本文首先對代位訴訟基本理論進行了介紹，探討了代位訴訟的目的、性質特征以及價值，同時也比較研究了國外主要的代位訴訟制度，借鑒其中的有益成分，并結合代位訴訟的基礎理論，從代位訴訟的訴訟標的、當事人適格、債務人地位等爭議較大的問題著手，探討建立我國代位訴訟制度的思路和具體方案。其次，筆者根據代位訴訟的特點，結合司法實務，著重闡述了代位訴訟的程序問題，使之更加方便操作，切實可行。最后，主要針對我國債權人代位權制度可操作性不強的弱點，提出了整合債權人代位權制度和對第三人強制執(zhí)行制度的觀點，并對如何整合這兩種制度提出了自己的建議。
[Abstract]:The right of subrogation is a concept in the civil substantive law of civil law countries in the continental law system. It was not until 1999 that the contract law of our country stipulated the system of subrogation, because it was stipulated in the contract law, so it is also considered as a kind of rights in substantive law. According to the law of our country, the right of subrogation in substantive law can only be carried out by way of litigation, so it can be said that subrogation is a new kind of litigation mode which appears with the perfection of contract law of our country. The stipulation of creditor's right of subrogation in contract law highlights the protection of creditor, which is of great positive significance. However, the provisions of any substantive law are always expressed as general normative propositions, and their specific contents must be dealt with one by one in order to be displayed. In other words, the content of substantive law is not the predetermined value, but must be gradually formed within the framework of the general normative proposition through the proceeding of legal proceedings. The intrinsic value of subrogation system must also be realized and carried out through the procedure of subrogation. However, due to the long wrong thought of "attaching importance to substance and neglecting procedure", the civil law of our country neglects the procedural mechanism in general, and gives the procedure to the civil procedure law to stipulate, thus cutting off the organic connection between the civil law and the civil procedure law. It is regrettable that the stipulation of the right of subrogation in contract Law again ignores the procedural mechanism of realizing subrogation-subrogation litigation. In fact, the most problematic aspect of the exercise of subrogation is in procedure. Subrogation litigation, as a new type of litigation, must have not been encountered in practice in the past. The study of subrogation litigation system can not only promote the smooth implementation of substantive law, but also complement and develop the theory of civil action in our country. This paper first introduces the basic theory of subrogation, discusses the purpose, nature and value of subrogation, and also compares and studies the main subrogation litigation systems in foreign countries. Based on the basic theory of subrogation, this paper probes into the train of thought and concrete scheme of establishing the subrogation litigation system in China from the controversial issues such as the subject matter of the subrogation action, the suitability of the parties and the status of the debtor. Secondly, according to the characteristics of subrogation, combined with judicial practice, the author focuses on the procedure of subrogation, making it more convenient and feasible. Finally, aiming at the weakness of the system of creditor's subrogation in our country, this paper puts forward the viewpoint of integrating the system of creditor's subrogation and the system of enforcing the third party, and puts forward some suggestions on how to integrate these two systems.
【學位授予單位】：四川大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：D915.2
本文編號：2378033
[Abstract]:The right of subrogation is a concept in the civil substantive law of civil law countries in the continental law system. It was not until 1999 that the contract law of our country stipulated the system of subrogation, because it was stipulated in the contract law, so it is also considered as a kind of rights in substantive law. According to the law of our country, the right of subrogation in substantive law can only be carried out by way of litigation, so it can be said that subrogation is a new kind of litigation mode which appears with the perfection of contract law of our country. The stipulation of creditor's right of subrogation in contract law highlights the protection of creditor, which is of great positive significance. However, the provisions of any substantive law are always expressed as general normative propositions, and their specific contents must be dealt with one by one in order to be displayed. In other words, the content of substantive law is not the predetermined value, but must be gradually formed within the framework of the general normative proposition through the proceeding of legal proceedings. The intrinsic value of subrogation system must also be realized and carried out through the procedure of subrogation. However, due to the long wrong thought of "attaching importance to substance and neglecting procedure", the civil law of our country neglects the procedural mechanism in general, and gives the procedure to the civil procedure law to stipulate, thus cutting off the organic connection between the civil law and the civil procedure law. It is regrettable that the stipulation of the right of subrogation in contract Law again ignores the procedural mechanism of realizing subrogation-subrogation litigation. In fact, the most problematic aspect of the exercise of subrogation is in procedure. Subrogation litigation, as a new type of litigation, must have not been encountered in practice in the past. The study of subrogation litigation system can not only promote the smooth implementation of substantive law, but also complement and develop the theory of civil action in our country. This paper first introduces the basic theory of subrogation, discusses the purpose, nature and value of subrogation, and also compares and studies the main subrogation litigation systems in foreign countries. Based on the basic theory of subrogation, this paper probes into the train of thought and concrete scheme of establishing the subrogation litigation system in China from the controversial issues such as the subject matter of the subrogation action, the suitability of the parties and the status of the debtor. Secondly, according to the characteristics of subrogation, combined with judicial practice, the author focuses on the procedure of subrogation, making it more convenient and feasible. Finally, aiming at the weakness of the system of creditor's subrogation in our country, this paper puts forward the viewpoint of integrating the system of creditor's subrogation and the system of enforcing the third party, and puts forward some suggestions on how to integrate these two systems.
【學位授予單位】：四川大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：D915.2
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