【摘要】：雇主責(zé)任制度是民法中以雇傭關(guān)系為基礎(chǔ)的一項(xiàng)基本制度。雇傭關(guān)系在海上運(yùn)輸領(lǐng)域普遍存在,海商法又是民法的特別法,因而海上運(yùn)輸領(lǐng)域的雇主制度也應(yīng)當(dāng)作為海商法的一項(xiàng)基本制度加以研究。筆者試以民法中的雇主責(zé)任理論為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合海商法的特殊性,對(duì)海上運(yùn)輸中的雇主責(zé)任理論作較為系統(tǒng)的分析,以期完善我國(guó)海商法的理論基礎(chǔ),更好的協(xié)調(diào)和理順民法、海商法與相關(guān)國(guó)際公約的關(guān)系,進(jìn)而完善海上運(yùn)輸領(lǐng)域的法律制度。 本文從基礎(chǔ)理論,基礎(chǔ)關(guān)系,主要問(wèn)題以及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)等四個(gè)方面對(duì)海上運(yùn)輸中的雇主責(zé)任進(jìn)行了論述: 在基礎(chǔ)理論部分,對(duì)海上運(yùn)輸中雇主責(zé)任的概念、范圍、性質(zhì)進(jìn)行了界定,確認(rèn)了無(wú)過(guò)錯(cuò)責(zé)任是海上運(yùn)輸中雇主責(zé)任的歸責(zé)原則;通過(guò)分析比較“Himalaya條款”與雇主責(zé)任制度的關(guān)系,得出了“Himalaya條款”是海商法與民法兩者價(jià)值理念的統(tǒng)一,是雇主責(zé)任制度在海上運(yùn)輸領(lǐng)域特殊性的體現(xiàn);在基礎(chǔ)關(guān)系部分,對(duì)船員侵權(quán)行為、船員雇傭關(guān)系及船員職務(wù)行為等三項(xiàng)船方承擔(dān)雇主責(zé)任的基礎(chǔ)條件進(jìn)行了全面系統(tǒng)的分析:在主要問(wèn)題部分,就海上運(yùn)輸中雇主責(zé)任制度較之民法雇主責(zé)任制度所存在的幾個(gè)特殊問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了討論,得出了海上運(yùn)輸中雇主責(zé)任的幾個(gè)特點(diǎn);在發(fā)展趨勢(shì)部分,分析了《運(yùn)輸法草案》中“履約方”的責(zé)任對(duì)雇主責(zé)任的影響,鑒于受雇人有別于其他“履約方”的特殊經(jīng)濟(jì):地位,實(shí)在不宜將其納入統(tǒng)一的“履約方”責(zé)任體系中,而是應(yīng)當(dāng)適用雇主責(zé)任制度。最后,結(jié)合全文的整體討論,對(duì)我國(guó)海上運(yùn)輸中的雇主責(zé)任制度體系提出了立法建議。
[Abstract]:Employer liability system is a basic system based on employment relationship in civil law. Employment relationship exists generally in the field of maritime transport, and maritime law is the special law of civil law. Therefore, the employer system in maritime transport should also be studied as a basic system of maritime law. Based on the theory of employer's liability in civil law and the particularity of maritime law, the author makes a systematic analysis of the theory of employer's liability in maritime transportation in order to perfect the theoretical basis of maritime law of our country, better coordinate and straighten out the civil law. The relationship between maritime law and relevant international conventions, and then perfect the legal system in the field of maritime transport. This paper discusses the liability of employers in maritime transport from four aspects: basic theory, basic relations, main problems and development trends. This paper defines the concept, scope and nature of employer's liability in maritime transportation, and confirms that no-fault liability is the imputation principle of employer's liability in maritime transportation. By analyzing and comparing the relationship between "Himalaya clause" and employer's liability system, it is concluded that "Himalaya clause" is the unification of the value concept of maritime law and civil law, and the embodiment of the particularity of employer's liability system in the field of maritime transportation. In the basic relation part, the author makes a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the three basic conditions of the ship's responsibility for the employer: in the main problems, the author makes a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the basic conditions of the crew's tort, the crew's employment relationship and the crew's duties. This paper discusses several special problems existing in the system of employer's liability in maritime transport compared with the system of employer's liability in civil law, and obtains several characteristics of employer's liability in maritime transport. In the trend section, the impact of the liability of the "performing party" in the draft Transport Law on the liability of the employer is analysed, in view of the special economy of the employee as distinct from that of the other "performing parties": status, It is not suitable to bring it into the unified "performing party" liability system, but the employer liability system should be applied. Finally, combined with the whole discussion of the whole text, the author puts forward some legislative suggestions on the system of employer's liability in China's maritime transportation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：D913;D996.19

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 王小明;船員人身傷亡工傷保險(xiǎn)賠償問(wèn)題研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2010年

2 吳源敢;中國(guó)船員服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)法律地位研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2011年

3 張禾;海上人身傷亡中的雇主責(zé)任研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2011年

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本文編號(hào)：2375701