【摘要】： 隨著世界經(jīng)濟(jì)和國際海運(yùn)業(yè)的發(fā)展，要求統(tǒng)一和完善承運(yùn)人責(zé)任制度 的呼聲越來越高。作為承運(yùn)人責(zé)任制度的一個方面，承運(yùn)人延遲損失賠償 責(zé)任制，日益受到各國海商立法的重視。我國在制定《海商法》時，順應(yīng) 了時代的要求，將承運(yùn)人延遲損失賠償責(zé)任制做出了明確規(guī)定。但同時應(yīng) 當(dāng)看到，我國《海商法》關(guān)于此的規(guī)定，還存在一些不完善之處。本篇論 文在分析延遲損失的基本概念、性質(zhì)、產(chǎn)生原因、賠償依據(jù)、賠償原則及 賠償范圍的基礎(chǔ)上，指出我國在適用中存在的問題，并提出修改意見，以 期對完善我國承運(yùn)人延遲損失賠償責(zé)任制提供一點(diǎn)借鑒。本篇論文共分四 大部分： 第一部分介紹延遲損失的基本理論，包括論文的第一、二、三章。著 重闡述延遲損失的概念、性質(zhì)、產(chǎn)生原因及承運(yùn)人賠償責(zé)任的認(rèn)定依據(jù)。 延遲損失是貨物的法定損害形態(tài)之一，有著較強(qiáng)的時間性。它既包括 貨物的物質(zhì)損失，也包括貨物的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，且多數(shù)情況下表現(xiàn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。 具有特殊性和間接性的特點(diǎn)，因此其損失難以確定。 在實(shí)務(wù)中，引起延遲損失的原因很多，論文的第二章著重分析了船舶 不適航及繞航這兩個原因，同時指出預(yù)借、倒簽提單所產(chǎn)生的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失同 延遲經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的區(qū)別。 認(rèn)定承運(yùn)人延遲損失賠償責(zé)任，須同時具備四項(xiàng)要件，即損害事實(shí)的 存在、行為的違法性、行為和損害事實(shí)之間的因果關(guān)系、行為人的主觀過 錯。論文的第三章從承運(yùn)人違反運(yùn)輸合同和法律或公約的規(guī)定這兩個方面， 著重分析承運(yùn)人行為的違法性。 第二部分是關(guān)于延遲損失的賠償問題，包括論文的第四、五、六章。 主要分析延遲損失的賠償原則及賠償范圍。是本篇論文的重點(diǎn)。 論文的第四章，從民法和貨運(yùn)法的角度，介紹各國法律、公約關(guān)于經(jīng) 濟(jì)損失的規(guī)定，，并結(jié)合大量案例，得出延遲經(jīng)濟(jì)損失可以獲賠的結(jié)論。從 而引出延遲損失的賠償原則和賠償范圍的問題。 公約和我國《海商法》沒有明確規(guī)定延遲損失的賠償原則，因此，實(shí) 踐中如何確定賠償范圍，爭議頗多。論文的第五章重點(diǎn)闡述了合理預(yù)見原 則、減輕損失原則及近因原則，將延遲損失的賠償限制在一定的范圍內(nèi)。 海上貨物運(yùn)輸中承運(yùn)人延遲損失賠償責(zé)任制研究 這樣，既能保證承運(yùn)人就延遲損失給予充分的補(bǔ)償，又同我國承運(yùn)人現(xiàn)有 的經(jīng)濟(jì)能力及保險制度的現(xiàn)狀相適應(yīng)，是比較符合客觀實(shí)際的做法。 論文的第六章介紹延遲損失的計(jì)算方法，包括市價損失、利息損失、 利潤損失、停工損失、責(zé)任損失及必要的花費(fèi)的計(jì)算。 第三部分為論文的第七章，主要介紹承運(yùn)人的免責(zé)抗辯和限責(zé)抗辯。 延遲損失的范圍確定以后，并不意味著貨主一定能就賠償范圍內(nèi)的全 部損失索賠成功。承運(yùn)人往往借助法律上和合同上的免責(zé)、限責(zé)條款進(jìn)行 抗辯。 第四部分，即論文的第八章，為結(jié)論。著重分析我國承運(yùn)人延遲損失 賠償責(zé)任在適用中存在的問題，并就《海商法》的規(guī)定提出完善建議。
[Abstract]:With the development of world economy and international shipping industry, it is required to unify and perfect the carrier's responsibility system The voice of the carrier is getting higher and higher. As an aspect of the carrier's liability system carrier's delay in damages Responsibility system, increasingly affected by the maritime business of each country The importance of legislation. China's compliance with the development of the Maritime Law. At the time of time At the same time, the carrier's delay of compensation responsibility system was clearly defined. It shall be When we see, China's Maritime Law> Provisions on this Law, there are some non-In this paper, the basic concept of delay loss is analyzed in this paper., Nature, reason, basis of compensation, principle of compensation and scope of compensation on the basis of This paper points out the existing problems in the application, and puts forward some suggestions. This paper provides some reference for perfecting the compensation responsibility system for the delay of the carrier's delay in our country. The text is divided into four parts: The first This paper introduces the basic theory of delay loss, including the first, second and third chapters of the thesis. The concept, nature and reason of delay loss are expounded. The basis for the determination of the liability of the carrier. The delay is the goods One of the legal damage patterns of an object, which has a strong compatibility. It includes: the material loss of the goods, It also includes the economic loss of the goods, and most cases show economic losses. Because of its particularity and indirectness, its loss is difficult to determine. In practice, there are many reasons for delay loss, and the second chapter of this paper focuses on the analysis The ship does not The two reasons for airworthiness and winding are also pointed out, and the economic loss caused by pre-borrowing and reverse bill of lading is also pointed out. zone with delayed economic losses don't. It is concluded that the carrier's liability for delay in damages shall be accompanied by four elements, i.e., damage The existence of facts, the illegality, the act and the damage of the facts. room Causality, actor's subjective. B. The third chapter of the paper violates the provisions of the contract of carriage and the law or the convention from the carrier in two aspect, Reanalysis the illegality of the carrier's behavior. the second part is the question of compensation for delay losses, including the fourth part of the paper, V. Chapter VI. Main Analysis Delay The principle of compensation and the scope of compensation are the focus of this paper. Chapter 4, from the point of view of civil law and freight law, introduces the laws of various countries. The provision of economic losses, combined with a large number of cases, leads to delays. The conclusion that economic loss can be lost. The principle of compensation for the loss of delay and the scope of compensation. About and China's Code of Maritime Law> does not specify the principle of compensation for delay losses, therefore, real How to determine the scope of compensation and the dispute is much more controversial in the paper. point description In the case of reasonable foresight, in ord to reduce that principle of los and the principle of proximity, The compensation for the loss of delay is limited to a certain extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海海運(yùn)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2000
【分類號】：D996

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 馬貽;海運(yùn)提單風(fēng)險管理研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2010年

2 李研;倒簽提單法律性質(zhì)研究[D];南昌大學(xué);2010年

3 王諺飛;倒簽提單下承運(yùn)人賠償責(zé)任研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2012年

本文編號：2289403