本文選題：公司人格獨(dú)立　切入點(diǎn)：有限責(zé)任　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文

【摘要】：公司制度的確立對(duì)于建立現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度，規(guī)范和引導(dǎo)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)主體的活動(dòng)，推動(dòng)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的不斷完善與發(fā)展發(fā)揮著不可磨滅的作用。現(xiàn)代公司法確立的公司人格獨(dú)立與股東有限責(zé)任作為公司制度兩大基石保障了公司的正常運(yùn)行。 然而，該制度的設(shè)計(jì)并非毫無(wú)缺陷，它總是在實(shí)踐中逐漸暴露出這樣或者那樣的問(wèn)題或者缺陷。雖然公司制度在實(shí)際運(yùn)作過(guò)程中極大地促進(jìn)了公司的發(fā)展，但是公司人格制度并沒(méi)有完全按照設(shè)計(jì)者的意愿運(yùn)作，而且在實(shí)施中發(fā)生了設(shè)計(jì)者當(dāng)時(shí)不曾想到或無(wú)法想到的問(wèn)題。由于在觀念和制度上將公司人格獨(dú)立、有限責(zé)任制度絕對(duì)化，使公司人格制度在推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的同時(shí)出現(xiàn)了一定的不合目的性，既充當(dāng)奮發(fā)進(jìn)取者的保護(hù)傘，也成為巧詐舞弊者的護(hù)身符。 當(dāng)公司股東濫用公司獨(dú)立人格和股東有限責(zé)任時(shí)，在紛繁復(fù)雜的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)商事活動(dòng)中，靜態(tài)的理性的法律在動(dòng)態(tài)的復(fù)雜社會(huì)實(shí)踐事實(shí)狀態(tài)中，出現(xiàn)了許多形形色色的非常態(tài)公司類型和特殊表現(xiàn)形式，規(guī)避民法、商法、經(jīng)濟(jì)法、行政法、勞動(dòng)法、國(guó)際私法、刑法等實(shí)體法律，，規(guī)避執(zhí)行等程序法律，使公司股東、債權(quán)人、雇員、供應(yīng)商、消費(fèi)者、當(dāng)?shù)鼐用�、以及政府代表的稅收、環(huán)保部門之間的利益關(guān)系發(fā)生傾斜，并影響法律公平、正義價(jià)值目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)，影響整個(gè)社會(huì)信用。 非常態(tài)公司大量存在，不僅會(huì)使公司法人制度處于極不穩(wěn)定的狀態(tài)，極易引起市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的混亂，極大提高社會(huì)成本，必將導(dǎo)致市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的無(wú)序性及嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)資源浪費(fèi)。只有維護(hù)好公司制度的優(yōu)勢(shì)，嚴(yán)厲追究非常態(tài)公司相關(guān)人的民事、行政、刑事責(zé)任，公司制度才能沿著健康的道路發(fā)展。 對(duì)此，世界上許多國(guó)家都規(guī)定了相關(guān)法律措施維護(hù)公司人格獨(dú)立與股東有限責(zé)任原則，其中公司人格否認(rèn)制度最為典型，也引人注目，此制度是解決非常態(tài)公司問(wèn)題的一種有效辦法之一。該制度對(duì)失衡的公司利益關(guān)系進(jìn)行事后矯正，以使各種利益關(guān)系重新恢復(fù)平衡，體現(xiàn)了矯正正義，保障公司制度的完善和發(fā)展。公司人格獨(dú)立原則和公司人格否認(rèn)制度構(gòu)成了公司法人制度的辨正統(tǒng)一、不可分離的兩個(gè)方面。有效防范了不法分子利用公司法人的合法形式和股東承擔(dān)有限責(zé)任的特性逃避承擔(dān)法定或約定義務(wù)，保護(hù)了社會(huì)公共利益和債權(quán)人的利益，使法律從形式的公平合理走向了實(shí)質(zhì)上的公平合理，極大豐富了法人理論，使法人制度更加豐富完善。 我國(guó)于2005年10月27同新修訂的《公司法》第20條、第64條增加了“公司人格否認(rèn)”的規(guī)定。這一規(guī)定實(shí)質(zhì)上是我國(guó)在立法上第一次正式確立了“公司法人人格否認(rèn)”或稱為“揭開(kāi)公司面紗”制度，使這一長(zhǎng)期爭(zhēng)論的理論問(wèn)題從法律上得到認(rèn)可，更加豐富并完善了我國(guó)的法人制度理論，這在我國(guó)公司法歷史上具有里程碑的意義。此次修改公司法，借鑒一些市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家具有法律效力的判例和法律規(guī)定，
[Abstract]:The establishment of the system of the company for the establishment of modern enterprise system, standardize and guide the main body of the market economy, and constantly improve the promotion of the market economic system plays an indelible role. With the development of modern company law to establish the independent personality of the company and the shareholders of a limited liability company system as the two cornerstones of ensuring the normal operation of the company.
However, the design is not without the shortcomings of the system, it always has gradually exposed so many problems or defects. Although the company system in the actual operation of the process greatly promoted the development of the company, but the company personality system is designed completely according to the wills of operation, and the designer at that time did not think or couldn't think of the problem. Because the independent personality in the idea and system of the company, limited liability system is absolute, the company personality system in promoting economic development and at the same time there was a certain no purpose, it both serves as the umbrella of the enterprising, has also become a crafty fraud amulet.
When the shareholders abusing independent corporate personality and limited liability of shareholders, in the complicated social economic and commercial activities, the static rational law in complex social practice in the state of dynamic, there are many companies is the type and special state of every hue form, avoid the civil law, commercial law, economic law and administrative law. Labor law, private international law, criminal law and other legal entities, avoid the implementation of procedural law, the shareholders, creditors, employees, suppliers, consumers, local residents, as well as the tax on behalf of the government, the environmental protection department of the interests of the relationship between the tilt and impact of legal fairness, justice value, affect the entire social credit.
There are a lot of very state companies, will not only make the company's legal system is in unstable state, can easily cause confusion of market economy, greatly enhance the social cost, the market will inevitably lead to economic disorder and serious waste of social resources. Only the maintenance of good company system advantages, very strict accountability of state company related party, administrative, criminal responsibility, the company system can along the road of healthy development.
In this regard, many countries in the world have the provisions of the relevant legal measures to protect the independent personality of the company and the limited liability of shareholders, the system of disregard of corporate personality is the most typical, but also eye-catching, this system is one of the effective ways to solve the problem of the abnormal. After the correction of the imbalance of the relationship between the interests of the company system, in order to make the relationship the various interests of rebalancing, reflects the corrective justice, improve and develop the security company system. The independent personality and the principle of company personality denial system of a unified corporate system, two aspects can not be separated. The characteristics of effective prevention of illegal use of corporate legal forms and the limited liability of the shareholders to escape legal or contractual obligations, to protect the public interests and the interests of creditors, the law from the form to the essence of fair and reasonable The fair and reasonable, greatly enriches the legal person theory, makes the legal person system more rich and perfect.
China in October 2005 27 with the newly revised "Company Law > twentieth, sixty-fourth increase in the provision of" corporation personality denial ". This provision is essentially in the legislation first formally established the" Disregard of corporate personality "or" piercing the corporate veil "system, the theory of this problem a long debate has been recognized by law, further enrich and perfect the legal system of theory of our country, this has the sense of milepost in our company law history. The amendment of company law, judicial precedent and legal provisions of some developed countries has legal effect,

【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：D922.291.91

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 南振興,郭登科;論法人人格否認(rèn)制度[J];法學(xué)研究;1997年02期

2 張民安;論企業(yè)法人民事權(quán)利能力之性質(zhì)[J];法制與社會(huì)發(fā)展;1997年05期

本文編號(hào)：1727236