本文選題：市民社會　切入點：法治　出處：《西安科技大學》2005年碩士論文

【摘要】：“依法治國,建設社會主義法治國家”已成為時代的要求和社會發(fā)展的必然趨勢。對于如何建設法治國家,學者們眾說紛紜。為了探尋中國的法治之路,筆者進行了本課題的研究。 論文第一部分,筆者提出了問題,即什么樣的社會才能為法治提供生存環(huán)境。介紹了國內外對本課題的研究情況和本文研究的思路、方法、意義及創(chuàng)新。 論文第二部分,筆者經(jīng)過實事求是的論證和歷史的、邏輯的分析之后,認為法治的載體是市民社會。正是由于市民社會特殊的結構和特征,使其具備了其他社會所不具有的法治功能,從而為法治發(fā)展提供了多元化的社會基礎。市民社會塑造出自由的社會個體,他們走出血緣和地緣的藩籬進行廣泛的社會交往,自由和平等也就成為了人們追求的目的,并體現(xiàn)在公民意識之中從而內化為法治的精神;市民社會里形成的沖突和矛盾需要整合,在沖突——整合的無限循環(huán)中,為社會提供了原生性規(guī)則秩序。并且不斷促使法律形式化,使法治的手段不斷科學、合理;在市民社會里,人們對自身的權利才會格外關注,對自己的獨立性要求更加強烈,法治的基本內容也才能真正得以體現(xiàn)。因此,市民社會是法治生存的土壤,是法治的載體。 論文第三部分,筆者對市民社會與法治的關系進行了實證分析。西方法治的形成主要有兩方面的影響,第一,城市的興起和城市法的產(chǎn)生;第二,以商人為主體的市民階級的作用和商法的產(chǎn)生。總之,西方法治的發(fā)展是隨著其市民社會的發(fā)展而發(fā)展的。中國,在建國前由于小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟、宗法制和皇權專制及倫理文化市民社會無法形成;在建國后由于計劃經(jīng)濟、集權政治、一元文化和單位制度市民社會難以形成。由此導致了法治的難產(chǎn)。法治在中西方社會中不同的歷史命運說明,法治要想產(chǎn)生、生存就必須深深地扎根于市民社會的土壤之中。西方法治之所以自下而上逐漸演進,是由于其法治的發(fā)展擁有深厚的社會底蘊,從而表現(xiàn)出足夠的持續(xù)性和穩(wěn)定性,而由國家掌控一切,以國家為中心的法治極易受到外部因素的干擾和影響而偏離其正常運行軌道。因此,筆者得出結論,市民社會是中國走向法治的基礎。 論文第四部分,筆者從市場經(jīng)濟、政治體制、結社自由、公共領域和個人主義五個
[Abstract]:"governing the country according to law and building a socialist country ruled by law" has become the requirement of the times and the inevitable trend of social development. Scholars have different opinions on how to build a country ruled by law. The author has carried on the research of this subject. In the first part of the paper, the author puts forward the question, that is, what kind of society can provide the living environment for the rule of law, and introduces the research situation of this subject at home and abroad and the train of thought, method, significance and innovation of this research. In the second part of the paper, the author thinks that the carrier of the rule of law is the civil society, which is due to the special structure and characteristics of the civil society, after practical and realistic argumentation and historical and logical analysis. It has the function of the rule of law which other societies do not have, thus providing a pluralistic social foundation for the development of the rule of law. The civil society molds free social individuals, and they go out of the blood and geographical barriers to conduct extensive social contacts. Freedom and equality have become the purpose of people's pursuit, and embodied in the civic consciousness and thus internalized into the spirit of the rule of law; the conflicts and contradictions formed in the civil society need to be integrated, in the endless cycle of conflict-integration, It provides the order of the original rules for the society, and constantly promotes the formalization of the law, making the means of the rule of law more scientific and reasonable. In the civil society, people pay special attention to their rights and demand their independence more strongly. Therefore, the civil society is the soil of the rule of law and the carrier of the rule of law. In the third part of the thesis, the author makes an empirical analysis of the relationship between civil society and the rule of law. The formation of the western rule of law has two main effects: first, the rise of cities and the emergence of urban law; second, In short, the development of the rule of law in the West was accompanied by the development of its civil society. China, before the founding of the people's Republic, was due to the small-scale peasant economy. The patriarchal system and imperial autocracy and ethical culture could not be formed. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, due to planned economy, centralization of power, It is difficult to form a unitary culture and a civil society with a unit system. This has led to the difficulty of the rule of law. The different historical destinies of the rule of law in Chinese and Western societies show that the rule of law is to be produced. Survival must be deeply rooted in the soil of civil society. The reason for the gradual evolution of the rule of law in the West from the bottom up is that the development of the rule of law has a profound social heritage, thus showing sufficient continuity and stability. The rule of law, which is controlled by the state, is easily disturbed and influenced by external factors and deviates from its normal running track. Therefore, the author concludes that civil society is the foundation for China to move towards the rule of law. The fourth part of the paper, the author from the market economy, political system, freedom of association, the public sphere and individualism five
【學位授予單位】：西安科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：D920.0

【引證文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 吳富麗;刑法謙抑實現(xiàn)論綱[D];吉林大學;2007年

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 劉鑫;中國民眾法治意識強化問題研究[D];吉林大學;2012年

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本文編號：1683170