發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-11 20:10

  本文選題：維護(hù)　切入點(diǎn)：我國(guó)　出處：《遼寧師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：船員是海運(yùn)業(yè)的主力軍,為了保障船員的合法權(quán)益,有關(guān)各國(guó)制定了大量法規(guī)加以保護(hù)。中國(guó)船員總數(shù)現(xiàn)在己達(dá)150多萬(wàn)人,居世界第一位,但他們的權(quán)益保障卻遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能適應(yīng)航運(yùn)業(yè)健康發(fā)展的現(xiàn)實(shí)需要。查閱我國(guó)法律、法規(guī)有關(guān)船員權(quán)益保護(hù)的內(nèi)容,發(fā)現(xiàn)我國(guó)《海商法》、《船員條例》、《勞動(dòng)法》、《工會(huì)法》等雖均有少量規(guī)定,卻明顯存在散、亂、乏力的問(wèn)題。且由于我國(guó)在立法內(nèi)容及技術(shù)方面的落后,加上管理制度及管轄權(quán)劃分上的缺陷,使我國(guó)船員權(quán)益保障體系保障效果不理想。 本文結(jié)合中國(guó)船員權(quán)益保護(hù)現(xiàn)狀,比較借鑒相關(guān)國(guó)際公約和其他國(guó)家相關(guān)法律制度,以公共管理學(xué)、公共政策分析等理論為基礎(chǔ),吸收新公共服務(wù)理論的觀念,就中國(guó)船員工資制度、遣返制度、救濟(jì)制度和監(jiān)督機(jī)制等內(nèi)容做了初步的研究,嘗試從多個(gè)方面對(duì)完善我國(guó)船員權(quán)益保護(hù)制度進(jìn)行對(duì)策探索。我們認(rèn)為,一方面,要努力提升船員的職業(yè)素養(yǎng),提高他們的權(quán)利和義務(wù)意識(shí),增強(qiáng)他們的維權(quán)能力,并解決船員與海事部門(mén)之間權(quán)利和義務(wù)關(guān)系不對(duì)等、不明確等突出問(wèn)題,形成各方主動(dòng)參與船員權(quán)益全程監(jiān)管與保障的局面；另一方面,還要建議改進(jìn)和完善船員管理制度,并對(duì)如何建立和實(shí)現(xiàn)海事主管,多方參與,高效運(yùn)行的船員權(quán)益保障機(jī)制進(jìn)行探討。 本文共分為5章。第1章闡述了選題背景和研究意義、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、本文的研究目的、研究方法及研究思路；第2章闡述了船員、權(quán)益、船員權(quán)益相關(guān)概念及科學(xué)發(fā)展觀理論、人力資源管理理論、公共服務(wù)型政府理論等相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)理論；第3章分析了我國(guó)船員權(quán)益保障現(xiàn)狀、存在問(wèn)題及其原因；第4章主要結(jié)合第3章的分析,分兩部分提出維護(hù)我國(guó)船員權(quán)益的建議。一是提出要完善體制,明確各機(jī)構(gòu)在船員權(quán)益保障中的職責(zé)；二是從船員權(quán)益保障管理制度改進(jìn)建議、創(chuàng)新公共管理人員公共服務(wù)理念、政府功能準(zhǔn)確定位、構(gòu)建維護(hù)船員權(quán)益日常監(jiān)督管理新機(jī)制、提升船員素質(zhì)五個(gè)方面提出改革船員權(quán)益保障管理的建議；第5章提出我們對(duì)完善船員權(quán)益保障管理的幾點(diǎn)思考。
[Abstract]:The crew is the main force in the maritime industry. In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the crew, many countries concerned have formulated a large number of laws and regulations to protect them. The total number of crew members in China now stands at more than 1.5 million, ranking first in the world. However, the protection of their rights and interests is far from meeting the practical needs of the healthy development of the shipping industry. Refer to the contents of the laws and regulations of our country concerning the protection of the rights and interests of the crew, It is found that although there are a few regulations in China's Maritime Law, crew regulations, Labor Law, Trade Union Law, etc., they are obviously scattered, disorderly and weak. Moreover, due to the backwardness in the content and technology of legislation in our country, Combined with the defects of management system and jurisdiction division, the guarantee effect of crew rights and interests protection system in China is not ideal. Combined with the present situation of the protection of the rights and interests of Chinese crew members, this paper compares and draws on the relevant international conventions and relevant legal systems of other countries, based on the theories of public management and public policy analysis, and absorbs the concept of the new public service theory. This paper makes a preliminary study on the contents of China's crew wage system, repatriation system, relief system and supervision mechanism, and attempts to explore the countermeasures to improve the protection system of crew rights and interests in China from many aspects. We believe that, on the one hand, Efforts should be made to enhance the professional quality of crew members, raise their awareness of rights and obligations, enhance their ability to safeguard their rights, and resolve outstanding problems such as the unequal and unclear relationship between the rights and obligations of crew members and the maritime sector. Forming a situation in which all parties actively participate in the supervision and protection of crew rights and interests throughout the course; on the other hand, suggestions should be made to improve and perfect the crew management system, and to participate in various ways on how to establish and realize the maritime supervisor, The protection mechanism of crew rights and interests is discussed. This paper is divided into five chapters. Chapter 1 describes the background and significance of the topic, domestic and foreign research status, the purpose of this study, research methods and research ideas, chapter 2 describes the crew, rights and interests, The related concepts of crew rights and interests, the theory of scientific development concept, the theory of human resources management, the theory of public service government and other related basic theories. Chapter 3 analyzes the status quo of the protection of crew rights and interests in China, problems and their causes. The fourth chapter mainly combines the analysis of Chapter 3, and puts forward the suggestions to safeguard the rights and interests of the crew in two parts. One is to perfect the system, and the other is to clarify the responsibilities of the organizations in the protection of the rights and interests of the crew, and the second is to improve the management system of the protection of the rights and interests of the crew. Innovating the concept of public service for public administrators, positioning the government functions accurately, constructing a new mechanism of daily supervision and management for the protection of crew rights and interests, and improving the quality of crew members put forward suggestions for reforming the management of crew rights and interests; Chapter 5 puts forward some thoughts on how to improve the management of crew rights and interests.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.296;D922.5

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本文編號(hào)：1599707