本文選題：高空拋物 + 致害��； 參考：《青島大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》的出臺(tái)后,第87條規(guī)定高空拋物侵權(quán)由可能加害人對(duì)受害人承擔(dān)責(zé)任后,法學(xué)界對(duì)此的爭(zhēng)議從未停止。反對(duì)這一法條的學(xué)者認(rèn)為該規(guī)定增加了無(wú)辜建筑物使用人的責(zé)任,既不符合公平正義原則,也是對(duì)社會(huì)成本的一種浪費(fèi),是不合理的規(guī)定。實(shí)踐中,對(duì)高空拋物侵權(quán)案件從87條頒布前的同案不同判,到第87條頒布后社會(huì)輿論的質(zhì)疑。面對(duì)致害人不明的高空拋物侵權(quán)案件的理論和實(shí)踐困境,本文將致害人不明的高空拋物侵權(quán)問題從立法、司法和理論爭(zhēng)議入手,梳理爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn),重點(diǎn)討論拋物與墜物區(qū)分與否、可能的建筑物使用人擔(dān)責(zé)與否等問題,拓展救濟(jì)手段,以期更好解決致害人不明的高空拋物侵權(quán)問題。關(guān)于高空拋物侵權(quán)責(zé)任,由于其他國(guó)家或地區(qū)與我國(guó)國(guó)情、社情的不同,其立法例、判例要么無(wú)此規(guī)定,要么無(wú)法直接適用,但是,究其根本,法律追求的公正、效率可以體現(xiàn)于德國(guó)的社會(huì)安全義務(wù)理論與英美法系援引的保險(xiǎn)制度。這也是我國(guó)未來(lái)可以借鑒學(xué)習(xí)的方面。最終得出結(jié)論,不贊成由可能加害的建筑物使用人一味擔(dān)責(zé),認(rèn)為應(yīng)該進(jìn)一步明確其范圍,豐富救濟(jì)受害人的方式,同時(shí),主張嚴(yán)格區(qū)分拋物與墜物,通過(guò)多種多樣的救濟(jì)方式不斷完善我國(guó)的高空拋物責(zé)任制度。
[Abstract]:After the promulgation of our country's Tort liability Law, Article 87 stipulates that the torturer may be liable to the victim, the controversy in the legal circles has never stopped. The scholars who oppose this article believe that the regulation increases the responsibility of the innocent building users, which is not in accordance with the principle of fairness and justice, but also a waste of social costs, which is unreasonable. In practice, parabolic infringement cases in high altitude have been questioned by public opinion after the promulgation of Article 87, from the different judgments of co-cases before the promulgation of the 87 articles to the doubts of public opinion after the promulgation of Article 87. In the face of the theoretical and practical dilemma of the parabolic tort cases with unknown perpetrators, this paper begins with the legislative, judicial and theoretical disputes about the torts of parabolic torts of unknown perpetrators, combs the focus of the disputes, and focuses on whether to distinguish parabolic from falling objects. In order to solve the problem of torts caused by the unknown torts of parabolic objects at high altitude, the possible problems such as whether the building users are responsible or not, and how to expand the relief methods are developed in order to solve the problem better. As to the tort liability of parabolic at high altitude, due to the differences between other countries or regions and our country's national conditions, the social situation is different. The legislation and case law either have no such provision or can not be directly applied, but, after all, the justice pursued by the law, Efficiency can be reflected in the theory of social security obligation in Germany and the insurance system invoked in Anglo-American law system. This is also the future of our country can learn from the aspects. In the end, it is concluded that it is not in favour of blindly taking the responsibility of the potential users of buildings, and that the scope of the buildings should be further clarified to enrich the ways of providing relief to the victims. At the same time, it is advocated that a strict distinction be made between parabolic objects and falling objects. Through a variety of relief ways to improve our parabolic liability system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D923

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本文編號(hào)：2010193