發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-10 10:13

  本文選題：合理使用 + 民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品�。� 參考：《華中科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：中華人民共和國(guó)于1990年9月公布施行的《著作權(quán)法》明確規(guī)定了民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品的保護(hù)以著作權(quán)的模式來(lái)進(jìn)行,國(guó)務(wù)院對(duì)其制定詳細(xì)的實(shí)施措施與保護(hù)辦法。民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品在成百上千年的沿襲中得以保存流傳,使我們擁有豐富的精神文化財(cái)富,因而必須掌握好保護(hù)民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品的“度”。因?yàn)椴粚?duì)其提供法律支持的話,會(huì)造成民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品的流逝與消亡,但是一味禁止其他人對(duì)作品的使用,與交流,對(duì)民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品本身的發(fā)展,以及文化的交流都會(huì)產(chǎn)生無(wú)法估量的損失。對(duì)合理使用規(guī)則的完善,有助于民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品法律制度的健全,優(yōu)化社會(huì)主義法律體系。但由于民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品具有傳統(tǒng)性、延續(xù)性、群體性、地域性、作者身份不明確性等不同于一般著作權(quán)作品的特點(diǎn),因此,對(duì)于合理使用的具體情形、立法模式、條款設(shè)計(jì)格式,成為我們國(guó)家的《民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品著作權(quán)保護(hù)條例》制定過(guò)程中不可忽略的重點(diǎn)。民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品的合理使用在其本質(zhì)上是一種限制,我們可以視這種限制為其他人對(duì)于著作權(quán)作品的權(quán)利,任何權(quán)利都不應(yīng)該沒(méi)有邊界,因此應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)其進(jìn)行反限制,以此避免權(quán)利過(guò)于外放沒(méi)有邊界。針對(duì)作為民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品的合理使用進(jìn)行反限制,是實(shí)現(xiàn)權(quán)利人、傳播人、使用人三者之間的利益統(tǒng)一、解決三者之間利益矛盾的重要制度。應(yīng)當(dāng)從使用的目的、被使用作品性質(zhì)、使用作品的程度、是否有利于它的發(fā)展傳承、使用行為對(duì)于權(quán)利人的影響五個(gè)方面進(jìn)行界定,以此來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)利益的平衡。在我國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)界,關(guān)于民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品合理使用規(guī)則一直存在爭(zhēng)論,從內(nèi)容到形式,各個(gè)學(xué)者都有各自的觀點(diǎn),莫衷一是。爭(zhēng)點(diǎn)有:要不要設(shè)立民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品合理使用規(guī)則?合理使用規(guī)則如何規(guī)定?應(yīng)該采用列何種立法模式?本文對(duì)各個(gè)學(xué)者的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了梳理分析,并且結(jié)合其特征、國(guó)際上相關(guān)規(guī)定,對(duì)民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品著作權(quán)保護(hù)中的合理使用規(guī)則進(jìn)行了分析、歸納與總結(jié),并對(duì)我國(guó)民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品合理使用制度的發(fā)展提出以下建議:一是我國(guó)的民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品合理使用的采用規(guī)則主義和因素主義并舉;二是認(rèn)定民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品合理使用時(shí)應(yīng)進(jìn)行五個(gè)方面的考量。第三是在前文論述的基礎(chǔ)上,認(rèn)識(shí)合理使用的作用,以及適合我國(guó)民間文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品的模式與設(shè)計(jì),提出了“概括+列舉+兜底”立法模式的建議。
[Abstract]:The copyright Law, promulgated by the people's Republic of China in September 1990, clearly stipulates that the protection of folklore works shall be carried out by the mode of copyright. The State Council has formulated detailed implementation measures and measures for its protection. Folklore works have been preserved and circulated for hundreds of years, which makes us rich in spiritual and cultural wealth, so we must master the "degree" to protect folklore and art works. Because if they are not provided with legal support, they will result in the passage and extinction of folklore and art works, but they will only prohibit others from using, communicating, and developing folklore and art works themselves. And the exchange of cultures can cause incalculable losses. The perfection of the rules of rational use is helpful to the perfection of the legal system of folklore and art works and the optimization of the socialist legal system. However, because the folklore works have the characteristics of tradition, continuity, collectivity, regionality, and the identity of the author are not clear, therefore, for the specific situation of reasonable use, the legislative model, The form of clause design has become the key point in the formulation of the regulations on the copyright Protection of Folk Literature and Art works in our country. The rational use of folklore and art works is essentially a restriction, which we can regard as the rights of others over copyright works, and no right should be without boundaries, and therefore should be subject to counterrestrictions. In this way, to avoid too much power out of the border. As a reasonable use of folklore and art works, it is an important system to realize the unity of interests among the right holders, communicators and users, and to solve the conflicts of interests among them. It should be defined from five aspects: the purpose of use, the nature of the used work, the degree of the use of the work, whether it is conducive to its development and inheritance, and the influence of the use behavior on the obligee, so as to achieve the balance of interests. In the academic circles of our country, there has always been controversy about the rules of rational use of folklore and art works, from the content to the form, all scholars have their own views, different opinions. The argument is: should we set up rules for the rational use of folklore and art works? What are the rules for rational use? What legislative model should be adopted? In this paper, the views of various scholars are combed and analyzed, and combined with its characteristics and relevant international regulations, the reasonable use rules in the copyright protection of folklore and art works are analyzed, summarized and summarized. And put forward the following suggestions to the development of the system of rational use of folk literature and art works of our country: first, adopting the rule doctrine and factor doctrine to develop the reasonable use of the folk literature and art works of our country; Second, five aspects should be taken into account when determining the rational use of folklore works. Third, on the basis of the previous discussion, the author understands the role of rational use, and the model and design suitable for Chinese folk literature and art works, and puts forward some suggestions on the legislative model of "generalizing and enumerating for the bottom".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D923.41;G122

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