本文選題：說明義務(wù)　切入點：金融消費者　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,商業(yè)銀行業(yè)務(wù)也不斷拓展,已經(jīng)不再拘泥于最傳統(tǒng)的儲蓄、吸收存款功能,尤其是在我國加入世貿(mào)組織后,商業(yè)銀行在外資銀行競爭壓力不得不使經(jīng)營范圍突破傳統(tǒng)業(yè)務(wù)范疇,通過市場、服務(wù)、產(chǎn)品為核心的銀保、銀證、銀信合作等綜合模式來尋求業(yè)務(wù)增長,信貸、保險、基金、理財、證券等等都包含在內(nèi),儼然一個金融百貨超市。普通百姓的存款越來越多,需求也不再僅僅限于銀行存款利率,很多銀行都抓住消費者的實際需求紛紛進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新。金融市場在發(fā)生著天翻地覆的變化,但是我國的法律層面卻跟不上市場的發(fā)展,已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后。再加上高專業(yè)性和復(fù)雜性的特點,使得消費者和銀行在建立法律關(guān)系時,銀行往往處于居高臨下的位置,消費者難以應(yīng)對。為了實現(xiàn)合同實質(zhì)平等,最大程度的平衡交易天秤,消除銀行與消費者之間的地位差距,使雙方站在同一高度才能實現(xiàn)所謂的意思自由,克以銀行以說明義務(wù)對實現(xiàn)銀行業(yè)務(wù)的健康良好發(fā)展、建立交易雙方之間的信任、維護金融市場的穩(wěn)定、促進(jìn)交易效率、保護消費者的合法權(quán)益具有重要意義。本文以論述商業(yè)銀行的說明義務(wù)為中心,第一章對銀行說明義務(wù)的概述,對整個說明義務(wù)作了輪廓性的論述,介紹了說明義務(wù)的內(nèi)涵,以及在誠實信用、信息不對稱、維護金融交易等條件下要克以銀行說明義務(wù)的原因；說明義務(wù)所應(yīng)說明的范圍包括產(chǎn)品的基本信息、風(fēng)險提示、服務(wù)收費等等,說明義務(wù)的對象應(yīng)當(dāng)是針對金融消費者,明確了金融消費者的概念,在履行說明義務(wù)時應(yīng)當(dāng)以口頭與書面方式相結(jié)合,要確保消費者理解；還介紹了與說明義務(wù)緊密相連的適合性義原則,銀行工作人員在銷售產(chǎn)品的勸誘、推介時應(yīng)將適合性原則作為基本原則。第二章論述了違反說明義務(wù)的類型及民事責(zé)任,實踐中一般存在虛假陳述、隱瞞重要事項、提供斷定判斷等違法行為,又分別從不同角度論述銀行違反說明義務(wù)時所應(yīng)承擔(dān)的民事責(zé)任。第三章進(jìn)行域外法律制度的比較,主要是介紹日本、美國、歐盟以及我國臺灣地區(qū)有關(guān)說明義務(wù)的法律規(guī)定,以對我國的立法提供建議。第四章是本文對完善說明義務(wù)的建議,不僅要盡快完善說明義務(wù)的立法,還要從金融監(jiān)管、銀行業(yè)自律組織、消費者自身等各個方面來共同來完成說明義務(wù)的履行。
[Abstract]:With the development of the economy, the business of commercial banks has been expanding, and they are no longer confined to the most traditional savings and the function of absorbing deposits, especially after China's accession to the WTO. Under the competitive pressure of foreign banks, commercial banks have to break through the traditional business scope and seek business growth, credit, insurance, and funds through comprehensive models such as market, service, and product-centered banking insurance, bank warrants, and bank and credit cooperation. Financial management, securities and so on are included, like a financial department store. Ordinary people are saving more and more, and the demand is no longer limited to bank deposit rates. Many banks have seized on the actual needs of consumers to innovate. The financial market is undergoing tremendous changes, but the legal aspect of our country has not kept pace with the development of the market. In addition to the characteristics of high professionalism and complexity, consumers and banks tend to be in a condescending position when establishing legal relations, which is difficult for consumers to cope with. In order to achieve substantive equality of contracts, To maximize the balance of transaction Libra, eliminate the status gap between banks and consumers, make both sides stand at the same height to realize the so-called freedom of meaning, and use the obligation of banks to realize the healthy and sound development of banking business. It is of great significance to establish the trust between the two sides of the transaction, to maintain the stability of the financial market, to promote the efficiency of the transaction and to protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. The first chapter gives an overview of the bank's obligation to explain, discusses the whole obligation of explanation in outline, introduces the connotation of the obligation of explanation, as well as the asymmetry of information in good faith and credit. Under the conditions of maintaining financial transactions and other conditions, banks should explain the reasons for their obligations; the scope of explanation obligations should include the basic information of products, risk prompts, service charges, etc. The object of the obligation should be directed at financial consumers. Clarifying the concept of financial consumers, which should be combined orally and in writing in the performance of the obligation of explanation, to ensure that consumers understand it, and also introducing the principle of appropriateness, which is closely linked to the obligation of explanation, Bank staff should regard the principle of suitability as the basic principle when they sell products. The second chapter discusses the types of breach of the obligation of explanation and civil liability. In practice, there are generally false statements and concealment of important matters. To provide judgment and other illegal acts, and to discuss separately from different angles the civil liability that banks should bear when violating their obligations of explanation. Chapter III compares the extraterritorial legal systems, mainly introducing Japan, the United States, The European Union and the Taiwan region of China have legal provisions on the obligation to explain, in order to provide suggestions for the legislation of our country. Chapter 4th is the proposal of this article to perfect the obligation of explanation, not only to improve the legislation on the obligation of explanation as soon as possible, but also from the perspective of financial supervision. Banking self-discipline organizations, consumers themselves and other aspects to complete the obligation to explain the implementation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923.6

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本文編號：1614314