本文選題：校園傷害事故　切入點：學(xué)校侵權(quán)責(zé)任　出處：《揚州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,學(xué)校與學(xué)生之間的人身損害賠償矛盾隨著未成年學(xué)生校園傷害案件的頻繁發(fā)生逐漸上什。 在這些校園傷害案件中,關(guān)于學(xué)校在什么情況下承擔(dān)責(zé)任,承擔(dān)什么樣的責(zé)任,說法不一。所以本文主要研究學(xué)生傷害事故中的學(xué)校責(zé)任。這一問題涉及的法律關(guān)系比較復(fù)雜,立法上的規(guī)定也比較原則和零散,給司法實踐帶來了不少難題。對于一些基本的問題在理論上研究還不夠透徹,這對于保護學(xué)生的權(quán)益非常不利。本文所論述的校園傷害事故是指未成年學(xué)生在學(xué)校生活和學(xué)習(xí)期間受到的人身傷害事故。在此前提之下,圍繞學(xué)校的侵權(quán)責(zé)任展開,首先理清學(xué)校和學(xué)生之間法律關(guān)系,明確學(xué)校責(zé)任的性質(zhì),然后探討學(xué)校責(zé)任的歸責(zé)原則,最后探討現(xiàn)行法律法規(guī)中的不足和完善建議。希望能為我國未成年學(xué)生校園傷害事故的理論研究和法制建設(shè)盡一份綿薄之力。本文共有四章,內(nèi)容如下所述：第一部分,對未成年學(xué)生校園傷害事故的概念和特征進行了界定,根據(jù)校園傷害中致害主體的不同,對未成年學(xué)生校園傷害事故進行了更為明晰的分類。同時,分析了校園傷害事故頻發(fā)的原因,對學(xué)校和未成年在校學(xué)生的關(guān)系進行了界定。第二部分,闡述了學(xué)校在未成年學(xué)生校園傷害事故中侵權(quán)責(zé)任的構(gòu)成要件,即必須有學(xué)生在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)或生活期間受到損害的客觀事實,學(xué)校對損害的發(fā)生具有過錯。其中,對過錯的界定、判斷學(xué)校存在過錯的標(biāo)準、認定學(xué)校過錯時應(yīng)注意的問題以及學(xué)校存在過錯與學(xué)生遭受損害應(yīng)有因果關(guān)系進行詳細分析。同時闡明學(xué)校在校園傷害事故中的免責(zé)事由。第三部分,闡述了校園傷害事故的歸責(zé)原則。筆者通過對比分析《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》實施前后適用的不同法律法規(guī)來探討校園傷害事故中適用何種歸責(zé)原則對學(xué)校和學(xué)生更為公平,以期更好地保護學(xué)校和學(xué)生的合法權(quán)益。同時提出了校園傷害事故中現(xiàn)行法律法規(guī)的不足。第四部分,提出了校園傷害事故中學(xué)校侵權(quán)責(zé)任制度的完善建議,重點指出取消我國《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》第40條“相應(yīng)的補充責(zé)任”；明確損害賠償時的“公平原則”的地位及適用；確定學(xué)生行為能力對歸責(zé)原則的影響；并主張積極建立責(zé)任保險制度,調(diào)動各方積極力量,共同分擔(dān)風(fēng)險等等。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the conflict of compensation for personal injury between the school and the students has gradually increased with the frequent occurrence of minor students' campus injury cases. In these campus injury cases, there is a question about the circumstances under which the school should be held responsible. This article mainly studies the school responsibility in the student injury accident. The legal relationship involved in this problem is quite complicated, and the legislative provisions are also relatively principle and scattered. Has brought a lot of difficult problems to the judicial practice. The theoretical study on some basic problems is not thorough enough. This is very unfavorable to the protection of the rights and interests of students. The campus injury accident discussed in this paper refers to the personal injury accident suffered by minor students during their school life and study. First of all, it clarifies the legal relationship between school and students, clarifies the nature of school responsibility, and then discusses the principle of imputation of school responsibility. Finally, this paper discusses the shortcomings and suggestions in the current laws and regulations. I hope to contribute a little to the theoretical research and legal system construction of the campus injury accident of underage students in our country. There are four chapters in this paper, the contents are as follows: the first part, This paper defines the concept and characteristics of the minor students' campus injury accident, and classifies the minor student's campus injury accident more clearly according to the different injurious subject in the campus injury. This paper analyzes the causes of frequent campus injury accidents, defines the relationship between school and underage students. The second part expounds the constitutive requirements of tort liability in the campus injury accidents of underage students. That is, there must be the objective fact that students have been damaged during their study or life in school, and the school is at fault with the occurrence of the damage, among which, the definition of fault and the criteria for judging the existence of fault in the school, The problems that should be paid attention to when determining the fault of the school and the causality between the existence of the fault in the school and the damage suffered by the students are analyzed in detail. At the same time, the reasons of the school exemption in the campus injury accident are expounded. Part three, This paper expounds the principle of imputation of campus injury accident. By comparing and analyzing the different laws and regulations applied before and after the implementation of the Tort liability Law, the author discusses what kind of imputation principle is more fair to the school and the students in the campus injury accident. In order to better protect the legitimate rights and interests of the school and students. At the same time, it puts forward the deficiencies of the existing laws and regulations in the campus injury accident. 4th, and puts forward some suggestions to perfect the school tort liability system in the campus injury accident. The article 40 of our country's Tort liability Law "corresponding supplementary liability" should be abolished, the position and application of "fair principle" in compensation for damages should be made clear, and the influence of students' capacity on imputation principle should be determined. And advocate the establishment of liability insurance system, mobilize all the positive forces, shared risks and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923

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