本文選題：人的擔保　切入點：物的擔保　出處：《清華法學》2017年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：同一債權既有人的擔保又有物的擔保的,在擔保權可得行使時,債權人應當按照約定實現(xiàn)債權。這里的"約定",應是當事人之間關于人的擔保和物的擔保之間責任順序、責任分擔范圍的約定,而非實現(xiàn)擔保物權的約定。在解釋論之下,我國實定法并不承認保證人與物上保證人之間的求償關系,在債務人提供物的擔保的情形,當事人如無上述約定,債權人應先就債務人提供的物的擔保實現(xiàn)債權,債權人放棄該物的擔保的,其他擔保人在債權人喪失優(yōu)先受償權益的范圍內(nèi)免除擔保責任,但當事人如有上述約定,債權人應當按照該約定實現(xiàn)債權,債權人放棄該物的擔保的,對其他擔保人承擔擔保責任不發(fā)生影響。第三人提供物的擔保的,當事人如無上述約定,債權人可以選擇向保證人或物上保證人主張權利,債權人放棄物上保證人提供的物的擔保,對保證人承擔保證責任不發(fā)生影響。立法上應承認保證人與物上保證人之間的內(nèi)部求償權,如無相反約定,債權人放棄物上保證人的物的擔保,保證人在物上保證人應分擔份額的范圍內(nèi)免除擔保責任。
[Abstract]:Where the same creditor has security of both the person and the thing, when the security right is exercisable, the creditor shall, in accordance with the agreement, realize the creditor's right. The "agreement" hereto shall be the order of responsibility between the parties in respect of the security of the person and the security of the thing, An agreement on the scope of liability allocation, rather than an agreement on the realization of a security interest. Under the theory of interpretation, the actual law of our country does not recognize the claim relationship between the guarantor and the surety in rem, in the case of security provided by the debtor, In the absence of such agreement, the creditor shall first realize the creditor's rights in respect of the security of the thing provided by the debtor, and if the creditor abandons the security of the object, the other guarantors shall be exempted from the liability of the security within the scope of the loss of the creditor's priority interest in the repayment, However, if the party concerned has the aforesaid agreement, the creditor shall fulfill the creditor's rights in accordance with the agreement, and if the creditor waives the security of the thing, it will not affect the other guarantors' liability for the security. If the third party provides security for the object, the party shall not have such an agreement, The creditor may choose to claim rights against the surety or the surety in rem, and the creditor may waive the security of the thing provided by the surety in rem, Legislation should recognize the internal claim between the guarantor and the guarantor in rem, and in the absence of an agreement to the contrary, the creditor shall waive the security of the guarantor in rem, The guarantor shall exempt himself from the liability of the guaranty to the extent of his share in the property.
【作者單位】： 中國人民大學法學院;教育部人文社會科學重點研究基地中國人民大學民商事法律科學研究中心;
【基金】：中國法學會2016年度部級法學研究項目“《擔保法》實施狀況調(diào)研”(CLS[2016]C23)
【分類號】：D923.2

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