本文關鍵詞： 孤雌生殖 人類胚胎干細胞 專利適格性 社會公德 人格尊嚴　出處：《華中科技大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著生物技術的不斷發(fā)展創(chuàng)新,專利制度中專利法保護的客體范圍不斷地受到沖擊和挑戰(zhàn)。人類胚胎干細胞相關技術的發(fā)展,給人類醫(yī)學帶來了不可估量的影響,各國都予以了極大的重視。但是,在傳統(tǒng)的專利制度中,基于倫理道德等因素的考量,人類胚胎干細胞的相關發(fā)明被明確的排除在專利保護客體范圍之外,以至于許多與人類胚胎干細胞相關的技術發(fā)明都得不到專利保護。2012年8月,國際干細胞公司因兩項涉及孤雌生殖人類胚胎干細胞的技術因為沒有獲得英國專利局的授權而提起了訴訟。孤雌生殖人類胚胎干細胞相關技術的出現(xiàn),使得人們不得不再一次重新審視專利制度中關于專利保護客體的規(guī)定。本文即是圍繞這一問題,從是否有必要設置公序良俗條款、“社會公德”內涵的不斷變化、公民生命健康權與人格尊嚴利益權衡、授權是否會損害人格尊嚴、我國干細胞產業(yè)的發(fā)展需要五個角度展開討論,最后得出孤雌生殖人類胚胎干細胞相關發(fā)明在我國具有專利適格性這一結論。本文共七章,可分為三個部分。第一部分為第一章至第五章。第一章主要介紹了論文選題的由來、國內外關于人類胚胎干細胞相關的研究現(xiàn)狀以及本文的研究思路方法、重難點和創(chuàng)新點;第二章從案情、爭議焦點以及審理情況簡單介紹了孤雌生殖人類胚胎干細胞相關發(fā)明專利授權爭議第一案;第三章介紹了人類胚胎干細胞相關技術的一些基本概念以及孤雌生殖人類胚胎干細胞研究的特點和價值;第四章主要考察世界各國對于人類胚胎干細胞相關發(fā)明的立法比較研究,選取了比較有代表性的美國模式和歐盟模式作簡要介紹;第五章則是梳理和概括了我國目前對于人類胚胎干細胞研究的專利立法現(xiàn)狀和管理對策;以上幾個部分均是為下文的論述作鋪墊。第二部分是本文的第六章,同時也是本文最重要最核心的一章。在以前文五章作為基礎和鋪墊的前提下,從專利法中是否有必要設置公序良俗條款、“社會公德”內涵的不斷變化、生命健康權與人格尊嚴之間的法益權衡、授予此類技術是否會損害人格尊嚴以及我國干細胞產業(yè)的發(fā)展需要五個不同層次和角度論述了此類技術應該具有專利適格性。第三部分也就是本文的最后一章。在明確了孤雌生殖人類胚胎干細胞相關發(fā)明在我國具有專利適格性的基礎上,提出了對于《專利審查指南》的一些修改建議以及我國對于人類胚胎干細胞研究應采取的立場。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and innovation of biotechnology, the scope of the object protected by patent law in the patent system is constantly challenged and challenged. The development of human embryonic stem cell related technology has brought incalculable influence to human medicine. However, in the traditional patent system, due to the consideration of ethical and moral factors, the invention of human embryonic stem cells is explicitly excluded from the scope of patent protection. So many of the technological inventions related to human embryonic stem cells are not patented. International Stem Cell Corporation has filed a lawsuit over two technologies involving parthenogenetic human embryonic stem cells for lack of authorization from the British Patent Office. Technology related to parthenogenetic human embryonic stem cells has emerged. So that people have to re-examine the provisions of patent system on the object of patent protection. This article is around this issue, from whether it is necessary to set up the public order good custom clause, "social morality" connotation of continuous change, The development of stem cell industry in China needs to be discussed from five angles: the right to life and health of citizens and the interests of human dignity, and whether authorization will impair human dignity. Finally, it is concluded that the invention related to parthenogenesis human embryonic stem cells has patent suitability in China. This paper consists of seven chapters, which can be divided into three parts. The first part is from Chapter one to Chapter 5th. The first chapter mainly introduces the origin of the thesis. At home and abroad on the human embryonic stem cell related research status and research ideas and methods of this paper, important difficulties and innovations. Chapter two from the case, The focus of the dispute and the trial situation briefly introduced the first case concerning patent authorization of parthenogenetic human embryonic stem cells. The third chapter introduces some basic concepts of human embryonic stem cell technology and the characteristics and value of parthenogenetic human embryonic stem cell research. Chapter 4th mainly reviews the comparative research on the legislation of human embryonic stem cell (ESC) related inventions in the world, and introduces the representative American model and the EU model. Chapter 5th is to sort out and summarize the current status of patent legislation and management strategies for human embryonic stem cell research in China; the above parts are all for the discussion below. The second part is the 6th chapter of this paper. At the same time, it is also the most important and core chapter of this paper. Under the premise of the previous five chapters as the foundation and foundation, whether it is necessary to set up the public order and good custom clause in the patent law, the connotation of "social public morality" is constantly changing. The balance of legal benefits between the right to life and human dignity, Whether granting this kind of technology will impair human dignity and the development of stem cell industry in China need five different levels and angles to discuss that this technology should be patented. The third part is the last chapter of this paper. On the basis of making clear that the invention of parthenogenetic human embryonic stem cell has patent suitability in our country, Some amendments to Patent Review Guide and our country's position on the research of human embryonic stem cells are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923.42

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